scholarly journals Perception of cure among leprosy patients post completion of multi-drug therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Rosendo dos Santos ◽  
Pãmela Rodrigues de Souza Silva ◽  
Letícia Gomes Costa ◽  
Peter Steinmann ◽  
Eliane Ignotti
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Multidrug Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Patient’S Perception

Abstract Background Leprosy is a treatable disease; however, the release from treatment after completion of multidrug therapy (MDT) often does not equal absence of health problems. Consequently, sequelae interfere with the patient’s perception of cure. The objective of this study was to analyze the factors associated with the perception of not being healed among people treated for leprosy in a highly endemic area in Brazil. Method A cross-sectional study of perceived cure of leprosy in the post-release from treatment period was conducted in Cáceres in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The study included a total of 390 leprosy patients treated with MDT and released after completion of treatment from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2017. The dependent variable was self-reported cure of leprosy; the independent variables included clinical, operational and socioeconomic variables. Results Out of the 390 former leprosy patients, 304 (77.9%) perceived themselves as cured and 86 (22.1%) considered themselves unhealed. Among the latter, 49 (57.0%) reported muscle weakness and joint pains. Individuals with complaints related to leprosy post-release from treatment had a 4.6 times higher chance to self-report as unhealed (OR 4.6; 95% CI 2.5–8.5). Patients with physical disabilities (PD) grade 1 and 2 at the time of the study had a 3.1 (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.3–7.4) and 8.8 (OR 7.7; 95% CI 3.5–21.9) times higher likelihood to self-identify as unhealed, respectively. Conclusion Among successfully treated leprosy patients, a quarter self-report as unhealed of the disease. The factors associated with the perception of being unhealed are PD and complaints related to leprosy in the post-release from treatment phase.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with depression in the elderly: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-214
Author(s):  
Tainara da Silva Mattos Leite ◽  
Carlos Alexandre Fett ◽  
Luiz Fabrizio Stoppiglia ◽  
Thiago Neves ◽  
Karla Régia Ferreira Viana Figueiredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychiatric Disease ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Factors Associated

Introduction: Depression is a psychiatric disease that causes losses in the biopsychosocial aspect of the affected individuals. The prevalence in the elderly population is significant, and identify the factors related to this outcome allows preventive measures and treatment can be early applied. Objective: Assessing the association between depression and sociodemographic and health risk factors in the elderly. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving 388 elderly of both genders, aged 65 years and older, urban residents of the city of Cuiabá, state of Mato Grosso (MT), Brazil. A sociodemographic questionnaire, as well as a self-report of chronic diseases and lifestyle, a self-report questionnaire of functional capacity, occurrence of falls, Geriatric Depression Scale, mental state assessment, and anthropometry tests were used. The chi-square test, odds ratio (OR), and multiple logistic regression with 95% confidence interval and p<5% were used in the statistical analysis. Results: There was a predominance of women (64%) who were mulatto/caboclo/brown skin (43%) and married (45%). Depression was significantly associated with: the lowest level of education, <8 years (OR=2.15; p=0.012), partial or total dependence of instrumental activities of daily living (OR=1.85; p=0.003), having five or more diseases (OR=2.93, p=0.002), falls in the last twelve months (OR=1.90; p=0.021), and sleep (OR=2.39; p<0.001) and visual difficulties (OR=2.28; p<0.001). Conclusion:  Depression in this group of elderly was associated with modifiable and preventable factors in the health of these people. Thus, the early diagnosis of risk factors associated with depression, the inclusion of social, physical and cognitive activities must be considered for their prevention.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hyposalivation in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in a Brazilian Subpopulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristhiane Almeida Leite ◽  
Marcial Francis Galera ◽  
Mariano Martínez Espinosa ◽  
Paulo Ricardo Teles de Lima ◽  
Vander Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Study Population

Background.Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory, multisystem, and autoimmune disease.Objective.The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of hyposalivation in SLE patients and evaluate factors associated.Methods.This is a cross-sectional study developed at the Cuiaba University General Hospital (UNIC-HGU), Mato Grosso, Brazil. The study population consisted of female SLE patients treated at this hospital from 06/2010 to 12/2012. Unstimulated salivary flow rates (SFRs) were measured. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed in all cases using a significance levelP<0.05.Results.The results showed that 79% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus suffered from hyposalivation and that the disease activity and age in years were the factors that resulted in statistically significant differences.Conclusion.The activity of the disease, age >27 years, and the drugs used were factors associated with hyposalivation, resulting in a statistically significant decrease in saliva production.

scholarly journals Prevalence of and factors associated with polypharmacy among elderly persons resident in the community

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália Araujo de Almeida ◽  
Annelita Almeida Oliveira Reiners ◽  
Rosemeiry Capriata de Souza Azevedo ◽  
Ageo Mário Cândido da Silva ◽  
Joana Darc Chaves Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Objective: to verify the prevalence of and factors associated with polypharmacy among elderly residents of the city of Cuiabá, in the state of Mato Grosso. Method: a cross-sectional study of 573 people aged 60 and over was performed. Polypharmacy was defined as the use of five or more medications. To investigate the association between polypharmacy and sociodemographic variables, health and access to medication, the Mantel Haenszel chi square test was used in bivariate analysis and Poisson regression was used in multivariate analysis. The significance level adopted was 5%. Result: the prevalence of polypharmacy was 10.30%. Statistically significant associations were found between polypharmacy and living with others, describing suffering from circulatory, endocrine, nutritional and digestive tract diseases, and referring to financial difficulties for the purchase of medicines. Conclusion: some social and health condition factors play an important role in the use of multiple medications among the elderly.

scholarly journals Factors associated with readiness to start antiretroviral therapy (ART) among young people (15-24 years) at four HIV clinics in Mulago Hospital, Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1603-14
Author(s):  
Jonathan Nkalubo ◽  
Moureen Mugaba ◽  
Ignatius Asasira ◽  
Racheal Nakiganda ◽  
Florence Namutebi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Young People ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Mulago Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Readiness ◽  
Factors Associated

Introduction: Globally, the HIV burden continues to rise among young people despite the discovery of ART. This study assessed demographic and psycho-social factors among young people associated with readiness to be initiated on ART. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among newly diagnosed HIV positive young people aged 15-24 years at 4 HIV clinics at Mulago Hospital. Readiness was measured as a self-report by the individual to the question,“How ready do you feel to start ART? Results: Of the 231 young people enrolled, the mean age (SD) was 20.7years (+/-2.8) and most were female (66.2%). Majority were very ready (53.3%) and very motivated (51.1%) to start ART. Higher treatment readiness was associated with being female (95% CI [5.62, 8.31], p=0.003), thinking that ART cures HIV (95% CI [0.43, 0.86], p=0.005), history of having unprotected sex (95% CI [0.79, 0.87], p=<0.001), anticipating negative HIV results (95% CI [0.26, 0.88], p=0.017), internalized stigma (95% CI [0.83, 0.98], p=0.018) and knowledge of positive ART effects for others (95% CI [0.84, 0.93], p=<0.001). Conclusions: Understanding the underlying factors associated with ART readiness among young people can inform strategiesto support and increase individuals’ readiness to initiate ART and early engagement in care. Keywords: Antiretroviral therapy Readiness; Young people; Sub-Saharan Africa.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit hospitalisation in Guyana: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Seepersaud
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Icu Admission

Objective The purpose of the study was to determine risk factors associated with COVID-19 ICU hospitalisation at Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation (GPHC), Guyana. Methods A retrospective chart-review was conducted on all COVID-19 admissions from March to September 2020. The predictive factors were demographics, comorbidities, signs and symptoms of COVID-19 and laboratory findings on admission. Descriptive frequency analysis was done for all independent variables and the Chi-square test was used to compare differences between groups where suitable. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression was used to examine the association between the independent variables and the risk for ICU hospitalisation. Results There were 136 patients with COVID-19 at GPHC during March to September 2020 and after exclusion, 135 patients were used in the study. There were 72 (53.4%) patients who required non-ICU care, while 63 (46.6%) ICU care and average age ± SD (median) was 51 ±16 (n= 49) and 56 ±18 (n= 60), respectively. In the multivariate regression model, the odds of ICU admission for those aged 40-65 was 0.14 (p <.01) compared to those > 65 years. Patients with class 2 and above obesity had higher odds of ICU admission compared to non-obese patients OR 11.09 (p= .006). Patients with 2 and 3 or more comorbidities also had higher odds of ICU admission compared to those with no comorbidities OR 7.83 (p= .03) and 132 (p <.001), respectively. Patients with LDH 228-454 U/L and > 454 U/L on admission had higher odds of ICU admission compared to those with normal LDH OR 19.88 (p= .001) and 23.32 (p= .001), respectively. Patients with albumin < 3.50 mg/dL on admission also had higher odds of ICU admission compared to those with normal albumin OR 5.78 (p= .005). Conclusion Risk factors associated with ICU hospitalisation were advanced age, obesity, multiple comorbidities, elevated LDH and low albumin. Protecting the population at risk for ICU admission and prioritizing them for vaccination is recommended to reduce the risk of running out of ICU capacity.

scholarly journals Assessment of physical impairments in leprosy patients: a comparison between the world health organization (who) disability grade and the Eye-Hand-Foot Score

2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Túlio Raposo ◽  
Ana Virgínia de Queiroz Caminha ◽  
Jorg Heukelbach ◽  
Miguel Ángel Sánchez-González ◽  
Jovany Luis Alves de Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Multidrug Therapy ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Impairments ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
The World ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Health Organization

This cross-sectional study assessed the grade of physical impairments in 61 individuals with leprosy receiving multidrug therapy (MDT) under the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), and residing in Campina Grande, Paraíba State, Brazil. Impairments were assessed using the disability grade (DG) standardized by the WHO, and the EHF score (Eye-Hand-Foot sum of impairment scores). Impairments were detected in 25 (41%) of the subjects. A total of 14 (23%) patients scored DG 1, while 11 (18%) were assigned DG 2. The EHF score ranged from 1 to 10 points in the group of patients with physical impairments, with a mean score of 3.6 points. The majority of individuals with impairments were affected in at least two sites. We conclude that the EHF score showed overlapping impairments in the segments examined and may be more appropriate than the DG classification system for describing the degree of physical impairment of leprosy patients.

scholarly journals Ocular Manifestations of Leprosy Patients on Multidrug Therapy in a Teaching Hospital of South Karnataka

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (21) ◽  
pp. 1706-1710
Author(s):  
Pradeep Addagadde Venkataramana ◽  
Rajshekar Rajshekar ◽  
Shruthi Amalagondhi Manjunatha
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multidrug Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Ocular Manifestations ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Leprosy Patients

BACKGROUND Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Several ocular manifestations occur before and during multi drug therapy (MDT) and they can continue to occur even after the completion in bacteriologically cured patients. Blindness is a catastrophic event that can occur by several mechanisms at any stage. We need to learn and recognise the early signs and symptoms of ocular complications, so that we can treat the patient early. We need to evaluate the pattern of ocular manifestation in leprosy patients on MDT (Multi Drug Therapy). METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted over a duration of six months on diagnosed cases of leprosy and those cured from leprosy. Data was collected by clinical history with slit lamp examination, fundus examination, and laboratory investigation. RESULTS Total 30 patients were included in the study in which 13 patients were on MDT, 7 newly detected cases and 10 treated cases. 22 were males and 8 were females with male - female ratio of 2.75:1. Average age of presentation was 46 years with range from 18 - 80 years. 56 % had ocular manifestations in this study. Ocular lesions were more in cases who had leprosy for ≥ 16 years. Visual acuity ranged from 6 / 6 to PL + ve. Lagophthalmos was noted in 4 cases, cataract in 6 cases, exposure keratitis in 2, chalky white deposits on cornea in 2, spheroidal degeneration in 2, iris atrophy in 2, and pterygium in 2 cases. CONCLUSIONS Patients who completed treatment for MDT require periodic monitoring to detect ocular morbidity early and to prevent visual loss. KEYWORDS Leprosy, Multidrug Therapy, Exposure Keratitis, Lagophthalmos

scholarly journals PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH NONSPECIFIC LOW BACK PAIN IN NURSING WORKERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulamar Aguiar Cargnin ◽  
Dulcinéia Ghizoni Schneider ◽  
Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Psychosocial Conditions

ABSTRACT Objective: to determine the prevalence and factors associated with nonspecific low back pain in nursing workers in a public hospital in the South of the country. Method: a cross-sectional study involving 301 nursing workers. Data collection was carried out from May to October 2017 and, in addition to a questionnaire with sociodemographic, work, health conditions, lifestyle and psychosocial conditions, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used as a screening tool for low back pain and the Self Report Questionnaire to assess the possibility of minor psychiatric disorders. The Chi-Square test was used to analyze the association between variables, and multivariate analysis with Binary Logistic Regression to estimate the Odds Ratio and the 95% confidence intervals. Results: the prevalence of nonspecific low back pain was 51.4% (95% CI: 45.5-57.3) in the last 12 months and 45.4% (95% CI: 39.4-51.3) in the last seven days, and limitation for activities of daily living and work of 18.1% (95% CI: 13.5-22.7). The presence of other diseases and psychosocial and psychological factors increased the chances of presenting or low back pain discomfort. Conclusion: the results demonstrate the need for greater attention to nursing workers, mainly related to the presence of musculoskeletal pain and to their mental suffering.

scholarly journals Factors associated with pacifier use among children of working women with childcare in the workplace

Revista CEFAC ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 654-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Rosa dos Santos ◽  
Gabriela dos Santos Buccini ◽  
Luciana Tavares Sebastião
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Education ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Pacifier Use ◽  
Multiple Analysis

ABSTRACT Purpose: to identify the prevalence of pacifier use as well as the reasons for introducing a pacifier and to analyze factors associated with this practice among children of working women with childcare in the workplace. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted with 46 women working at a higher education institution that offered childcare in the workplace; the children were in the age range 2.6 years. Data collection was carried out using a self-report questionnaire filled at home. Reasons for introducing a pacifier were analyzed descriptively; Poisson regression was used in the multiple analysis. Results: the prevalence of pacifier use was 63%. Most women offered the pacifier after the infant's 16th day of life, in order to calm the baby. In the multiple analysis, higher maternal education was associated with pacifier use. Conclusion: a high prevalence of pacifier use was observed, as well as early pacifier introduction, among children of working women with childcare in the workplace. With regard to the factors associated with pacifier use in this population, lower maternal education acted as a protective factor against pacifier use.

scholarly journals WIC Participants’ Perceived Behavioral Control, Attitudes Toward, and Factors Influencing Behavioral Intentions to Redeeming Cash-Value Vouchers at Certified Farmers Markets

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie McDonnell ◽  
Michelle Neyman Morris ◽  
Julie Holland
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Farmers Markets ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: The California Supplement Nutrition Program Women, Infants and Children (WIC) offer a Cash-Value (CV) voucher for the purchase of fresh fruits and vegetables that can be used at Certified Farmers’ Markets (CFM). Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with redeeming WIC CV vouchers at (CFM) among English and Spanish speakers. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study; in which Theory of Planned Behavior constructs were included in a self-report survey. Data were collected from women (n=252) at three rural northern California WIC clinics for two weeks. Results: Proportionately more Spanish speakers had greater perceived behavioral control for redeeming CV vouchers at CFM. Not enough variety of produce offered (p

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