The prevalence of and factors associated with antenatal depression among all pregnant women first attending antenatal care: a cross-sectional study in a comprehensive teaching hospital

Abstract Background Antenatal depression has become a common and serious problem, significantly affecting maternal and fetal health. However, evaluation and intervention methods for pregnant women in obstetric clinics are inadequate. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for depression among all pregnant women at their first attending antenatal care in the obstetrics clinic, a comprehensive teaching hospital, southwest of China. Methods From June to December 2019, 5780 pregnant women completed online psychological assessments, and data from 5728 of the women were analyzed. The women were categorized into two groups according to the presence or absence of depression. Depression was assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), with a cutoff point of 10 for depression. Anxiety and somatic symptoms were measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), respectively. Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were used to determine the association among antenatal depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms and participants’ characteristics. Results The prevalence of antenatal depression among all the pregnant women at their first attending antenatal care was 16.3%, higher in the first trimester (18.1%). Anxiety symptoms (Mild anxiety AOR = 2.937; 95% CI: 2.448–3.524) and somatic symptoms (Mild somatic symptoms AOR = 3.938; 95% CI: 2.888–3.368) were major risk factors for antenatal depression among women and the risk increased more with the anxiety level or somatic symptoms level. Gestational weeks (second trimester AOR = 0.611; 95% CI: 0.483–0.773; third trimester AOR = 0.337; 95% CI: 0.228–0.498) and urban residence (AOR = 0.786; 95% CI: 0.652–0.947) were protective factors for antenatal depression among women. Conclusions About one in six pregnant women would experience depression, and special attention should be paid to some risk factors (i.e., early pregnancy, anxiety symptoms, somatic symptoms, rural residence). Online psychological assessments might be a time-saving and convenient screening method for pregnant women in obstetric clinics.

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The Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Antenatal Depression Among All Pregnant Women Attending the Obstetrics Clinic for the First Time in A Comprehensive Teaching Hospital

10.21203/rs.3.rs-145736/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jiamei Guo ◽

Anhai Zheng ◽

jinglan He ◽

Ming Ai ◽

Yao Gan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Early Pregnancy ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Screening Method ◽

Somatic Symptoms ◽

Antenatal Depression ◽

Pregnancy Anxiety

Abstract Background: Antenatal depression is one of the most common complications among women. However, few policy-related studies have examined this problem. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for antenatal depression among all pregnant women first attending the obstetrics clinic in a comprehensive teaching hospital.Methods: From June to December 2019, 5780 pregnant women completed online mental health questionnaires, and data from 5728 of the women were analyzed. The women were categorized into two groups according to the presence or absence of depression. Depression was assessed by the PHQ-9, and the cutoff point for depression was 10. Anxiety and somatic symptoms were measured by the GAD-7 and PHQ-15, respectively. Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were used to determine the association among antenatal depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms and participants’ characteristics.Results: The prevalence of antenatal depression was 16.3%. Having a low level of education (P=0.012), being a rural resident (P=0.008), having an early pregnancy (P＜0.0001), having a higher GAD-7 score (P＜0.0001) and having a higher PHQ-15 score (P＜0.0001) were risk factors for antenatal depression among women.Conclusions: One in six women was depressed throughout the pregnancy. Online mental health assessment is an effective and convenient screening method that should be widely used for pregnant women in obstetric clinics, and special attention should be paid to some risk factors (i.e., early pregnancy, anxiety symptoms, somatic symptoms, low levels of education, rural residence).

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The Psychometric Properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 for Pregnant Women

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17207583 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (20) ◽

pp. 7583

Author(s):

María de la Fe Rodríguez-Muñoz ◽

Natalia Ruiz-Segovia ◽

Cristina Soto-Balbuena ◽

Huynh-Nhu Le ◽

María Eugenia Olivares-Crespo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Antenatal Depression ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Self Report ◽

Patient Health Questionnaire ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Health Questionnaire ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Patient Health

Background: Perinatal anxiety and depression are common complications during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to examine the item characteristics, reliability, validity, and factorial structure of the four-item Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) and to determine the associations between scale scores and sociodemographic factors in a sample of pregnant women from Spain. Method: A total of 845 pregnant women were recruited from two public hospitals in Spain between 2014 and 2016. Participants completed a self-report questionnaire that included Patient Health Questionnaire-4, including the two-item Patient Health Questionnaire and the two-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener. Results: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and scale inter-correlations between the PHQ-4 and PHQ-9 revealed that the PHQ-4 has a bivariate structure and adequately assesses the dimensions of antenatal anxiety and depression. Conclusion: The PHQ-4 is a reliable and valid instrument to screen for depression and anxiety during pregnancy. The PHQ-4 is an ultra-brief measure that can be used to screen for antenatal depression and anxiety to prevent the negative consequences associated with these mental health conditions among mothers and infants.

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The Prevalence and Risk Factors for Antenatal Depression Among Pregnant Immigrant and Native Women in Spain

Journal of Transcultural Nursing ◽

10.1177/1043659619891234 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (6) ◽

pp. 564-575

Author(s):

Rosa Marcos-Nájera ◽

María de la Fe Rodríguez-Muñoz ◽

Cristina Soto Balbuena ◽

María Eugenia Olivares Crespo ◽

Nuria Izquierdo Méndez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Antenatal Depression ◽

Health Providers ◽

Migration Status ◽

Native Women ◽

Patient Health ◽

Native Group ◽

Effective Health Care

Introduction: The aim was to examine the risk factors of anternatal depression among immigrant and native pregnant women in Spain. Method: A total of 1,524 pregnant women completed the Patient Health Questionnaire and the Postpartum Depression Predictors Inventory–Revised form. Results: The native group reported a lower prevalence (15.2%) compared with immigrant group (25.8%). For immigrants, primiparity, moving, and perceived lack instrumental support from friends or emotional support from partners and family members were significant risk factors. Discussion: The study identified risk factors that can be used for preventive interventions during pregnancy. Significance: Screening and interventions for depression during pregnancy should take migration status into account to maximize effective health care. Also, health providers should consider how migration status can result in different risk factors that affect depression during pregnancy.

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Predictors of Antenatal Depression in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria

Asian Journal of Medicine and Health ◽

10.9734/ajmah/2021/v19i1130411 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 59-65

Author(s):

Enyidah Nonyenim Solomon ◽

Nonye-Enyidah Esther ◽

Ibiebelem A. Jumbo

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Antenatal Depression ◽

Poor Countries ◽

Chi Squared ◽

Depression In Pregnancy ◽

In Pregnancy

Background: Antenatal depression is very common in pregnant women all over the world. Women in the developing and poor countries are more at risk. Several risk factors have been identified and some of them may lead to unbearable pregnancy situations, that pose a threat to mother and the baby. If pregnancy must be made pleasurable for mothers, then the risk factors which predict depression in pregnancy must be identified and considered in antenatal care. Objective: To identify risk factors which are predictors to antenatal depression in pregnant women. Methods: Within the months of January and February 2021, all the pregnant women who registered for antenatal care in the teaching hospital, who met the study inclusion criteria were assessed for depression using the English version of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression scale (EPDS) and a study designed risk factor questionnaire, which contained socio-demographic variables and other factors. Data obtained were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 23. Variables were compared using chi squared and t-tests and p values < 0. 05 were statistically significant. Results: Five hundred (500) respondents completed the study, 158 (31.6%) were depressed. Risk factors of co-habiting, threats to life, and/or pregnancy, fight with spouse and other forms of abuse, previous abortions and child health challenges, were predictors of antenatal depression. Conclusion: Depression in pregnancy should be part of routine antenatal care by obstetricians noting the predictors.

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