Using patients’ own knowledge of early sensations and symptoms to develop an interactive, individualized e-questionnaire to facilitate early diagnosis of lung cancer

Abstract Background One reason for the often late diagnosis of lung cancer (LC) may be that potentially-indicative sensations and symptoms are often diffuse, and may not be considered serious or urgent, making their interpretation complicated. However, with only a few exceptions, efforts to use people’s own in-depth knowledge about prodromal bodily experiences has been a missing link in efforts to facilitate early LC diagnosis. In this study, we describe and discuss facilitators and challenges in our process of developing and initial testing an interactive, self-completion e-questionnaire based on patient descriptions of experienced prodromal sensations and symptoms, to support early identification of lung cancer (LC). Methods E-questionnaire items were derived from in-depth, detailed explorative interviews with individuals undergoing investigation for suspected LC. The descriptors of sensations/symptoms and the background items obtained were the basis for developing an interactive, individualized instrument, PEX-LC, which was refined for usability through think-aloud and other interviews with patients, members of the public, and clinical staff. Results Major challenges in the process of developing PEX-LC related to collaboration among many actors, and design/user interface problems including technical issues. Most problems identified through the think-aloud interviews related to design/user interface problems and technical issues rather than content, for example we re-ordered questions to be in line with patients’ chronological, rather than retrospective, descriptions of their experiences. PEX-LC was developed into a final e-questionnaire on a touch-screen smart tablet with one background module covering sociodemographic characteristics, 10 interactive, individualized modules covering early sensations and symptoms, and a 12th assessing current symptoms. Conclusions Close collaboration with patients throughout the process was intrinsic for developing PEX-LC. Similarly, we recognized the extent to which clinicians and technical experts were also important in this process. Similar endeavors should assure all necessary competence is included in the core research team, to facilitate timely progress. Our experiences developing PEX-LC combined with new empirical research suggest that this individualized, interactive e-questionnaire, developed through systematizing patients’ own formulations of their prodromal symptom experiences, is both feasible for use and has potential value in the intended group.

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Promoting early diagnosis and recovering from the COVID-19 pandemic in lung cancer through public awareness campaigns: learning from patient and public insight work

BMJ Open Respiratory Research ◽

10.1136/bmjresp-2021-001120 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. e001120

Author(s):

Matthew Evison ◽

Sarah Taylor ◽

Seamus Grundy ◽

Anna Perkins ◽

Michael Peake

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Early Diagnosis ◽

Late Stage ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Public Awareness ◽

The Public ◽

Awareness Campaigns ◽

The North ◽

The Common ◽

Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

COVID-19 has had a devastating impact on outcomes in lung cancer leading to later stage presentation, less curative treatment and higher mortality. This has amplified the existing problem of late-stage presentation in lung cancer and is a call to arms for a multifaceted strategy to address this, including public awareness campaigns to promote healthcare review in patients with persistent chest symptoms. We report the learning from patient and public insight work from across the North of England exploring the barriers to seeking healthcare review with persistent chest symptoms. Members of the public described how a lack of importance is placed on the common symptoms of lung cancer and a feeling of being unworthy of review by healthcare professionals. They would feel motivated to seek review by dispelling the nihilism of lung cancer and would be able to take action more easily by removing the logistical hassle in the process. We propose a four-pillar framework (validation–endorsement–motivation–action) for developing the content of any public awareness campaigns promoting early diagnosis of lung cancer based on the findings of this comprehensive insight work. All providers and commissioners must work together to overcome the perceived and real barriers to patients with persistent chest symptoms.

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Three-channel intelligent neoplasm classification system for the diagnosis of lung cancer

Robotics and Technical Cybernetics ◽

10.31776/rtcj.7304 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 196-207

Author(s):

Lev Utkin ◽

Anna Meldo ◽

Viktor Kryshtapovich ◽

Viktor Tiulpin ◽

Ernest Kasimov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Classification System ◽

Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

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SIALIC ACID IN THE PRIMARY AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF LUNG CANCER

Problems in oncology ◽

10.37469/0507-3758-2017-63-6-926-932 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 63 (6) ◽

pp. 926-932

Author(s):

Lyudmila Belskaya ◽

Viktor Kosenok ◽

Ж. Массард

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Optimization Problems ◽

Primary Lung Cancer ◽

Nonparametric Test ◽

Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Group Differences ◽

Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer ◽

And Control ◽

Control Study

So far optimization problems for diagnostics and prognostication aids remained relevant for lung cancer as a leader in the structure of cancers. Objective: a search for regularities of changes in the saliva enzyme activity in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer. In the case-control study, 505 people took part, divided into 2 groups: primary (lung cancer, n=290) and control (conventionally healthy, n=215). All the participants went through a questionnaire survey, saliva biochemical counts, and a histological verification of their diagnosis. The enzyme activity was measured with spectrophotometry. Between-group differences were measured with the nonparametric test. It was shown that in terms of lung cancer, we observe metabolic changes, described with the decreased de Ritis coefficient (p

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Early Detection and Diagnosis of Lung Cancer and Immune Circuit~!2008-10-20~!2008-11-07~!2008-12-05~!

The Open Lung Cancer Journal ◽

10.2174/1876819900801010001 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Oleg Kshivets

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Early Detection ◽

Detection And Diagnosis ◽

Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer ◽

Early Detection And Diagnosis

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Tumor Markers and Lung Cancer: Correlation between Serum and Bronchial Secretion Levels of Cea, Tpa, Canag Ca-50, Nse and Ferritin

The International Journal of Biological Markers ◽

10.1177/172460088700200303 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 151-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Vincenzo Macchia ◽

Angela Mariano ◽

Mariarita Cavalcanti ◽

Anna Coppa ◽

Ciriaco Cecere ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Simultaneous Determination ◽

Neuron Specific Enolase ◽

Bronchial Secretion ◽

Lung Malignancy ◽

Ca 50 ◽

Oat Cell Carcinoma ◽

Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

The levels of carcinoembryonic antigeny (CEA), tissue polypeptide antigeny (TPA), CanAg 50, neuron specific enolase (NSE) and ferritin were determined in bronchial secretion and serum of patients with neoplastic and non-neoplastic lung diseases. Simultaneous determination of two or three markers in the serum and in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) may be clinically useful for the diagnosis of lung cancer and even for the type of tumor. The positivity of CEA determined simultaneously in serum and in BAL of patients with lung cancer is higher than 80% whereas in patients with benign lung disease it is lower than 40%. The simultaneous assay of TP A in serum and in BAL showed 100% positivity in patients with oat-cell carcinoma, the frequencies of positivity were similar in patients with non-oat-cell carcinoma. For NSE and CanAg CA-50 patients with oat-cell carinoma showed 100% positivity. Simultaneous assay of ferritin in serum and in BAL gave 85% positivity in patients with oat-cell carcinoma and only 23% in patients with non-oat-cell carcinoma. We conclude that the simultaneous determination of CEA and CanAg CA-50 or NSE in serum and in BAL is a useful aid in the diagnosis of lung malignancy.

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Cytological examination of the whole endobronchial brush in bronchoscopic diagnosis of lung cancer

Respiratory Medicine ◽

10.1053/rmed.2001.1263 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 96 (4) ◽

pp. 259-261 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

K.A GABER ◽

J.M GOLDMAN ◽

D.J FARRELL

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cytological Examination ◽

Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

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Clinical value of tumor-associated antigens and autoantibody panel combination detection in the early diagnostic of lung cancer

Cancer Biomarkers ◽

10.3233/cbm-210099 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Renren Ouyang ◽

Shiji Wu ◽

Bo Zhang ◽

Ting Wang ◽

Botao Yin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Lung Disease ◽

Cytokeratin 19 ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Control Groups ◽

Clinical Value ◽

Tumor Associated Antigens ◽

Pathological Subtype ◽

Positive Rate ◽

Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of combining tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and autoantibodies in the diagnosis of lung cancer. METHODS: The serum levels of TAAs and seven autoantibodies (7-AABs) were detected from patients with lung cancer, benign lung disease and healthy controls. The performance of a new panel by combing TAAs and 7-AABs was evaluated for the early diagnosis of lung cancer. RESULTS: The positive rate of 7-AABs was higher than the single detection of antibody. The positive rate of the combined detection of 7-AABs in lung cancer group (30.2%) was significantly higher than that of healthy controls (16.8%), but had no statistical difference compared with that of benign lung disease group (20.8%). The positive rate of 7-AABs showed a tendency to increase in lung cancer patients with higher tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages. For the pathological subtype analysis, the positive rate of 7-AABs was higher in patients with squamous cell carcinoma and small cell lung cancer than that of adenocarcinoma. The levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cytokeratin 19 fragment 211 (CYFRA 211) were significantly higher than that of benign lung disease and healthy control groups. An optimal model was established (including 7-AABs, CEA and CYFRA21-1) to distinguish lung cancer from control groups. The performance of this model was superior than that of single markers, with a sensitivity of 52.26% and specificity of 77.46% in the training group. Further assessment was studied in another validation group, with a sensitivity of 44.02% and specificity of 83%. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnostic performance was enhanced by combining 7-AABs, CEA and CYFRA21-1, which has critical value for the screening and early detection of lung cancer.

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Effect of the coronavirus disease pandemic on bronchoscopic diagnosis of lung cancer in a provincial city in Japan

Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery ◽

10.1186/s13019-021-01501-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Taichiro Goto

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Provincial City ◽

Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

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What do users think of the UK’s three COVID-19 contact-tracing apps? A comparative analysis

BMJ Health & Care Informatics ◽

10.1136/bmjhci-2021-100320 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. e100320

Author(s):

Vahid Garousi ◽

David Cutting

Keyword(s):

Mobile Apps ◽

Analysis Data ◽

End Users ◽

Contact Tracing ◽

User Reviews ◽

The Public ◽

Engineering Teams ◽

Technical Issues ◽

The Uk ◽

The Right

ObjectivesOur goal was to gain insights into the user reviews of the three COVID-19 contact-tracing mobile apps, developed for the different regions of the UK: ‘NHS COVID-19’ for England and Wales, ‘StopCOVID NI’ for Northern Ireland and ‘Protect Scotland’ for Scotland. Our two research questions are (1) what are the users’ experience and satisfaction levels with the three apps? and (2) what are the main issues (problems) that users have reported about the apps?MethodsWe assess the popularity of the apps and end users’ perceptions based on user reviews in app stores. We conduct three types of analysis (data mining, sentiment analysis and topic modelling) to derive insights from the combined set of 25 583 user reviews of the aforementioned three apps (submitted by users until the end of 2020).ResultsResults show that end users have been generally dissatisfied with the apps under study, except the Scottish app. Some of the major issues that users have reported are high battery drainage and doubts on whether apps are really working.DiscussionTowards the end of 2020, the much-awaited COVID-19 vaccines started to be available, but still, analysing the users’ feedback and technical issues of these apps, in retrospective, is valuable to learn the right lessons to be ready for similar circumstances in future.ConclusionOur results show that more work is needed by the stakeholders behind the apps (eg, apps’ software engineering teams, public-health experts and decision makers) to improve the software quality and, as a result, the public adoption of these apps. For example, they should be designed to be as simple as possible to operate (need for usability).

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