Correlates of fasting blood glucose among children living with hiv in a Nigerian tertiary hospital: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background There is growing concern as regards the emergence of metabolic disorders among children living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) worldwide. However, there is paucity of data on the correlates of metabolic indices among HIV-positive children in Africa. Methods This study examined 84 HIV-positive children on HAART recruited from the paediatric infectious diseases clinic of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital for blood glucose levels using finger-prick testing with an Accu-check glucose meter and test strips. Clinical information was obtained via clinical history and medical records. Data was analyzed to examine the relationship between FBG and the classes of HAART, duration of illness and treatment using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results FBG was significantly associated with the classes of HAART (x2=12.4, p = 0.017). In addition, there was a significant association between FBG and duration of illness [F(2, 81) = 6.0; P = 0.004], as well as FBG and duration on HAART [F(2, 81) = 7.9; P = 0.001]. However, duration on HAART and type of HAART were the significant predictors of FBG in this study accounting for 10.5% and 4.1% of the variance, respectively. Conclusions There is a greater risk of dysglycemia in paediatric patients with a longer cumulative exposure to HAART. Routine blood glucose checks among children on HAART, especially those who have received HAART for a longer duration of time may therefore be useful in their management.

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Status kesehatan dan asupan mikronutrien vegetarian dan nonvegetarian di Bali

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia ◽

10.22146/ijcn.64443 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 157

Author(s):

Ni Ketut Sutiari ◽

Ali Khomsan ◽

Hadi Riyadi ◽

Faisal Anwar ◽

Desak Putu Yuli Kurniati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Micronutrient Intake ◽

The Mean ◽

Vegetarian Diets ◽

Sugar Levels

Health status and micronutrient intake among vegetarian and non-vegetarian in BaliBackground: Several studies have reported that vegetarian diets have health benefits for those adopting the diets.Objective: This study aimed to compare anemia status and micronutrient intake between vegetarians and non-vegetarians in Bali.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Bali. A total of 240 samples consisting of 160 vegetarians and 80 non-vegetarians were randomly selected. Hemoglobin (Hb) and fasting blood sugar levels were measured using the cyanmethemoglobin method and enzymatic colorimetric, respectively. Meanwhile, the data on micronutrient intakes were collected by interviews using the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and the Mann-Whitney test was performed to analyze the differences.Results: The study’s results showed that the mean Hb levels in the vegetarian group were significantly lower than non-vegetarians (p=0.002; p<0.05), and the anemia status in vegetarian women were higher (22.5%) than non-vegetarian women (2.5%). The mean fasting blood glucose level in non-vegetarians was significantly higher than in the vegetarian group (p=0.000; p<0.05). There were no differences in zinc (Zn) intake between vegetarians and non-vegetarians, but there were significant differences (p<0.05) in vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin B12, folic acid, magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and iron (Fe) intakes.Conclusions: There were differences in anemia status and fasting blood glucose levels between vegetarians and non-vegetarians. The fasting blood glucose levels of non-vegetarians were higher than vegetarians, and there were differences in the intake of certain micronutrients between vegetarians and non-vegetarians.

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Prevalence and correlates of depression among Nigerian stroke survivors

South African Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v25i0.1252 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Olushola Olibamoyo ◽

Abiodun Adewuya ◽

Bolanle Ola ◽

Olurotimi Coker ◽

Olayinka Atilola

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Economic Status ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Clinical History ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Stroke Severity ◽

Stroke Survivors ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: There is mixed evidence for the hypothesis that the risk of depression after stroke is influenced by the location of lesions in the hemispheres, demographic and clinical factors, and disability of stroke survivors.Aim: The current study determined the prevalence of depression and its socio-demographic and clinico-pathological correlates among stroke survivors in a tertiary hospital in Lagos, Nigeria.Method: The cross-sectional study was carried out among 112 adult patients with a clinical history of stroke confirmed by neuroimaging. Depression was diagnosed using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. The socio-demographic profile was obtained, and cognitive impairment was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination. Stroke severity was assessed retrospectively using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale and current disability was measured using the Modified Rankin Scale.Results: There were 48 (42.9%) stroke survivors with a clinical diagnosis of depression. Using binary logistic regression, the independent determinants of depression were younger age, unemployment, perceived poor social support, increasing number of previous admissions because of stroke, cognitive impairment, severity of stroke and current disability status. However, there was no significant association between depression and lesion location.Conclusion: Depression is a common associate of stroke, and there is a need for sustained focus on young stroke survivors with severe stroke, especially those who do not have social support and have low socio-economic status, who may have a higher risk of developing depression following stroke.

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Groundwater Arsenic and Fasting Blood Glucose in the Context of Other Groundwater Chemicals: A Cross-Sectional Study in Bangladesh

ISEE Conference Abstracts ◽

10.1289/isesisee.2018.p02.2491 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shadassa Ourshalimian ◽

Abu Mohd Naser Titu ◽

Tom Clasen ◽

Mahbubur Rahman ◽

Kazi Matin Ahmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Groundwater Arsenic

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Evaluation of Prothrombin Time and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time in Hypertensive Patients Attending a Tertiary Hospital in Calabar, Nigeria

Advances in Hematology ◽

10.1155/2014/932039 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nnamani Nnenna Adaeze ◽

Anthony Uchenna Emeribe ◽

Idris Abdullahi Nasiru ◽

Adamu Babayo ◽

Emmanuel K. Uko

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Prothrombin Time ◽

Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Duration Of Illness ◽

Normotensive Subjects

Introduction. Several biomedical findings have established the effects of hypertension on haemostasis and roles of blood coagulation products in the clinical course of hypertension.Methods. This cross-sectional study aimed at determining effects of hypertension on prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in hypertensive patients in comparison with normotensive subjects attending a tertiary hospital in Calabar. Forty-two (42) hypertensive patients and thirty-nine (39) normotensive control subjects were investigated for PT and APTT using Quick one-stage methods.Results. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) correlated positively with APTT (r=0.3072,r=0.4988;P<0.05) in hypertensive patients. DBP, SBP, PT, and APTT were significantly higher in hypertensive patients when compared to normotensive subjects (P<0.05). DBP correlated negatively with duration of illness (r=-0.3097;P<0.05) in hypertensive patients and positively with age of normotensive subjects (r=0.3523;P<0.05).Conclusion. The results obtained indicated that measurements of PT and APTT may serve as indices for evaluating hemostatic abnormalities in hypertensive patients and guide for antihypertensive therapy. However, to have better understanding of hemostatic activities in hypertension, it is recommended to conduct D-dimer, platelet factors, and protein assays.

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Association between Dietary Magnesium Intake and Glycemic Markers in Ghanaian Women of Reproductive Age: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13114141 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 4141

Author(s):

Helena J. Bentil ◽

Alyssa M. Abreu ◽

Seth Adu-Afarwuah ◽

Joseph S. Rossi ◽

Alison Tovar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Magnesium Intake ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Dietary Magnesium ◽

Glycemic Markers

Low magnesium intake has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in several studies conducted in high-income countries. However, very few studies have been performed in Africa, where many countries have a growing rate of T2DM. We conducted a pilot cross-sectional study among 63 women in Ghana to investigate the association between magnesium intake and glycemic markers. We assessed dietary magnesium using a food frequency questionnaire and glycemic markers using fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Our findings showed that the mean magnesium intake was 200 ± 116 mg/day. The prevalence of T2DM was 5% by measuring fasting blood glucose and 8% by measuring HbA1c. Unadjusted linear regression models revealed that higher magnesium intake significantly predicted higher fasting blood glucose levels (β = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.55; p = 0.01) and HbA1c levels (β = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.51; p = 0.04). In adjusted analyses, magnesium intake was no longer significantly associated with either fasting blood glucose levels (β = 0.22; 95% CI: −0.03, 0.46; p = 0.08) or HbA1c levels (β = 0.15; 95% CI: −0.08, 0.39; p = 0.20). In conclusion, our study did not show a significant association between magnesium intake and glycemic markers in women of reproductive age in Ghana. The results of this study need to be further substantiated because this was the first study to examine magnesium intake and glycemic markers in this population in Africa.

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Alterations in Serum Electrolyte Homeostasis in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients - A Cross-Sectional Study in VIMSAR, Burla

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2020/641 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (52) ◽

pp. 3148-3152

Author(s):

Labanyabati Pattanaik ◽

Madhusmita Acharya ◽

Manoj Kumar Yadav ◽

Prafulla Kumar Mishra ◽

Madhab Nayak

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Electrolyte Disturbances ◽

Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽

Diabetes Patients

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a widely prevalent lifestyle disease associated with high morbidity and mortality due to dead end complications like acute coronary syndrome, chronic kidney failure and acute stroke. Diabetes mellitus patients frequently develop problems of dyselectrolytemia which is common among hospitalised patients with decompensated diabetes. But there is little information on the prevalence of electrolyte disturbances among diabetes patients. Our aim is to find out the pattern of dyselectrolytemia among type 2 diabetes patients and to know if there is any association of blood glucose level with dyselectrolytemia. METHODS An analytical cross-sectional study was done among type 2 diabetes patients admitted in the department of medicine. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated haemoglobin level (HbA1c), blood sodium (Na+), potassium (K+) and calcium (Ca2+) were analysed. Occurrence of dyselectrolytemia was compared between patients of very much controlled versus uncontrolled blood glucose levels. RESULTS Out of 199 patients included in the study, 112 (56 %) had uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) with HbA1c level > / = 7.0 %. Occurrence of hyponatremia, hypokalaemia, hyperkalaemia, hypocalcaemia and hypercalcemia were 35 %, 13 %, 7 %, 16 % and 2 % respectively. In diabetes patients, hyponatremia was seen more commonly in patients with uncontrolled DM than those with very much controlled blood glucose (52.67 % versus 12.64 %, p < 0.001). The extent of patients with hypokalaemia or hyperkalaemia didn't vary between the two groups. Patients on insulin treatment were more likely to have hyponatremia than noninsulin patients (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Type 2 DM patients specifically those who have uncontrolled diabetes mellitus have an increased chance to develop dyselectrolytemia. The most well-known electrolyte disturbances seen were hyponatremia followed by hypocalcaemia in our study and they were generally predominant among patients with uncontrolled DM. KEYWORDS Type 2 Diabetes, Dyselectrolytemia, Hyperglycaemia, Fasting Blood Glucose, Hyponatremia

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Healthy adult vegetarians have better renal function than matched omnivores: a cross sectional study in China.

10.21203/rs.2.17471/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kaijie Xu ◽

Xueying Cui ◽

Bian Wang ◽

Qingya Tang ◽

Jianfang Cai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Function ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Healthy Adult ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Fiber Intake ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dietary Fiber Intake ◽

Vegetarian Diets

Abstract Background Appropriate diet is an important determinant of kidney health. However, the association between vegetarian diets and renal function is unclear. Object We aimed to study the association between vegetarian diets and renal function in healthy adults. Design A total of 269 vegetarians (aged 34.5±8.7 years) and 269 sex- and age-matched nonvegetarian omnivores were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Basic characteristics as well as daily dietary intakes were assessed by face-to-face interviews. Blood samples were collected, and renal function was assessed by measuring blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), uric acid (UA) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and blood lipid profiles were also assessed. Results The average age of the vegetarians was 35.4±8.6 years, 82.2% of whom were female. We evaluated the association between vegetarian diets and renal function by using multivariate analysis. Compared with omnivores, vegetarians had lower BUN (β= -0.63, 95% CI: -0.88 to -0.38), SCr (β= -2.07, 95% CI: -4.21 to -0.061), UA (β= -15.17, 95% CI: -27.81 to -2.53) and higher eGFR levels (β= 4.09, 95% CI: 0.23 to 7.96) after adjusting for sex, age, BMI, physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking status, LDL, HDL, systolic pressure and fasting blood glucose. Further analysis of food composition and renal function showed that dietary fiber intake was significantly negatively associated with BUN [β= -0.02, 95% CI:(-0.03, 0.00)], SCr [β= -0.14, 95% CI:(-0.25, 0.04)], and UA [β= -0.72, 95% CI:(-1.36, 0.07)] and positively associated with eGFR [β= 0.20, 95% CI:(0.00, 0.40)]. Conclusions Healthy adult vegetarians have better renal function than omnivores, and the higher dietary fiber intake associated with vegetarian diets may contribute to the protective effect on renal function.

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Arsenic and fasting blood glucose in the context of other drinking water chemicals: a cross-sectional study in Bangladesh

Environmental Research ◽

10.1016/j.envres.2018.12.049 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 172 ◽

pp. 249-257 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Shadassa Ourshalimian ◽

Abu Mohd Naser ◽

Mahbubur Rahman ◽

Solaiman Doza ◽

Jennifer Stowell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

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CD36 Polymorphism (rs1761667) Was Associated with Fatty Liver in a Japanese Population

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa058_011 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 1253-1253

Author(s):

Ryosuke Fujii ◽

Naohiro Ichino ◽

Keisuke Osakabe ◽

Keiko Sugimoto ◽

Hiroya Yamada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Japanese Population ◽

Clinical Information ◽

Clinical History ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Check ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cd36 Gene

Abstract Objectives Nonalcohol fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the considerable health problems in the world. NAFLD is a representative phenotype in the liver reflecting individual's lifestyle. Previous studies suggested that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the CD36 gene was associated with dietary fat intake and fat metabolism. Therefore, we hypothesized that this SNP may be associated with fatty liver (FL) and NAFLD. We conducted this cross-sectional study to examine the association between two CD36 polymorphisms (rs1761667 and rs1527483) and FL and NAFLD in a Japanese population. Methods A total of 525 local residents participated in the health check-up in Yakumo town, Hokkaido, Japan. This cross-sectional study was conducted based on clinical information collected in this health check-up. Among all participants, 57 people were excluded due to the inadequate informed consent, clinical history of liver disease. Genotyping of two polymorphisms in the CD36 gpgbrkkene was performed by using the PCR-CTPP method. Ultrasound examination was performed by four qualified ultrasonographers. In this present, NAFLD was defined as 1) presence of FL and 2) a daily alcohol consumption <10 g in women and <20 g in men. Multivariable regression analysis was performed after adjusting for age, sex, waist circumference, medicine for dyslipidemia. Results The mean age of participants was 63.4 (10.0). The minor allele frequency of rs1761667 and rs1527483 was 0.26 and 0.21, respectively. The presence of FL and NAFLD was 90 (19.2%) and 67 (14.3%), respectively. Multiple regression analyses showed a significant association between rs1761667 and presence of FL (P = 0.04), and FL grade (P = 0.03). However, rs1761667 was not significantly associated with NAFLD (P = 0.11). No significant associations were found between rs1527483 and FL and NAFLD. Conclusions A polymorphism (rs1761667) in the CD36 gene was associated with the presence of FL, but we did not find a significant association between this SNP and NAFLD. Funding Sources This study was supported by the Mishima Kaiun Memorial Foundation.

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