Space-time analysis of ovarian cancer mortality rates by age groups in spanish provinces (1989–2015)

Ovarian cancer is the eighth cause of death by cancer in women worldwide. The objective of this study was to analyze trends in the Brazilian ovarian cancer mortality and the relation to age, schooling, and race. Data was collected in the Brazilian Mortality Information System (SIM), from 2006 to 2016. The polynomial regression model was used for the trends analysis, a significant trend was considered when the estimated model obtained a p-value <0.05. Ovarian Cancer caused 34,003 deaths in Brazilian women in this period, the mortality rate (MR) was 0.46 per 100.000 women aged less than 40; 4.2 in women aged between 40 – 59; 12.2 in women aged between 60 – 79 and 19.4 in women 80 years old or more. About Race, 65% were White, others were declared as Black, Asian, Mixed-race, or Indigenous. Only 26% had 8 years or more of schooling. Mortality rates from ovarian cancer seemed to be rising in Brazil, the major increase happened in the South, the Southeast, and the Middle-West Regions. Women aged between 40 to 59 had the most significant increase. Politics are needed to facilitate the Brazilian population's access to health services, consequently minimizing the time to diagnose and start the treatment. Research about mortality rates could help health workers identify gaps in knowledge and consequently decrease the magnitude of the disease.

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MORTALITY RISK OF COLORECTAL CANCER IN BRAZIL FROM 1980 TO 2013

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia ◽

10.1590/s0004-28032016000200005 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 76-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ronaldo Coimbra OLIVEIRA ◽

Marco Antônio Vasconcelos RÊGO

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Age Groups ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Significance Level ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

The Us ◽

Colorectal Cancer Mortality

ABSTRACT Background - Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancer worldwide, and variation in its mortality rates indicates the importance of environmental factors in its occurrence. While trend studies have indicated a reduction in colorectal cancer mortality rates in most developed countries, the same trends have not been observed in developing countries. Moreover, trends may differ when analyzed by age and sex. Objective - The present study aimed to analyze the trends in risk of colorectal cancer death in Brazil based on sex and age group. Methods - Death records were obtained from the Mortality Information System of the Ministry of Health. The risk of death and the average annual percent changes (AAPC) in the mortality rates were estimated using joinpoint analysis of long-term trends from 1980 to 2013. All of the statistical tests were two-sided and had a significance level of 5%. Results - Colorectal cancer mortality rates were found to have increased in the last 15 years for both sexes and for all age ranges. The rate ratio (RR) was statistically higher at ages 70 to 79 for men (RR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.26; 1.49) compared to women (RR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.06; 1.24). Increases in AAPC were observed in both sexes. Although men presented higher percent changes (AAPC: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.1; 2.6) compared to women (AAPC: 1.2; 95% CI: 0.4; 2.0), this difference was not statistically significant. Growth trends in mortality rates occurred in all age groups except for in women over 70. Conclusion - Unlike Europe and the US, Brazil has shown increases in death rates due to colorectal cancer in the last three decades; however, more favorable trends were observed in women over 70 years old. The promotion of healthier lifestyles in addition to early diagnosis and improved treatment should guide the public health policies targeting reductions in colorectal cancer.

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Breast cancer mortality rates trends by race in São Paulo, Brazil

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1162 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

D B Vale ◽

B Gozzi ◽

A C Marcelino ◽

J F Oliveira ◽

C Cardoso-Filho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Access To Health Care ◽

White Women ◽

Breast Cancer Mortality ◽

Age Groups ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Access To Health

Abstract Background Breast cancer is the main cause of female death by neoplasia in Brazil. Although half of the Brazilian population is black/brown (BB), socio-economic disparities translate in a vulnerable situation to those women. Access to health care is an important barrier to improve the health of BB women. This study aims to investigate trends in breast cancer mortality rates regarding race and age. Methods This is a population-based study of trends evaluation on breast cancer mortality in São Paulo state, Brazil, from 2000 to 2017. The absolute number of deaths and population figures (including race) by age-groups and years were available online from government data. Data on race were not available by ten-year age-groups, so the figures were projected according to the female age structure by year. Total rates by year and race were age-adjusted to the 'World Population (2000)'. For trend analysis, linear regression was used, with 5% level of significance. Results In the period were observed 60,940 breast cancer deaths, 76.7% in white and 17.5% in BB women. The absolute number of deaths in white and BB women was respectively 2,095 and 333 in 2000, and 3,076 and 999 in 2017. The total age-adjusted mortality rates per 100,000 women of white and BB in 2000 were respectively 16.4, 17.2 and 7.5. In 2017 rates were 14.6, 16.6 and 16.1. There was a trend towards reducing the mortality rates of white women (P = 0.002) and in their age-groups from 40 to 79 years (P < 0.03). There was a trend towards increasing the mortality rates of BB women (P < 0.001) and in all their age-groups (P < 0.02). Conclusions Although breast cancer figures of death and mortality rates in BB women have more than doubled in 18 years, rates reached almost the same figures of white women in the period. Changes in behaviour risk factors may explain this result. However, it is very likely that access to health care to these women has been improved, reducing the disparities in the health system. Key messages Breast cancer mortality rates in black/brown women have reached almost the same figures as white women from 2000 to 2017 in São Paulo, Brazil. Access to health care in black women may have improved in São Paulo, Brazil.

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Why have ovarian cancer mortality rates declined? Part III. Prospects for the future

Gynecologic Oncology ◽

10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.06.019 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 138 (3) ◽

pp. 757-761 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Victoria Sopik ◽

Barry Rosen ◽

Vasily Giannakeas ◽

Steven A. Narod

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

The Future

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Trends in lung cancer mortality in Brazil from the 1980s into the early 21st century: age-period-cohort analysis

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2012000100003 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 21-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mirian Carvalho de Souza ◽

Ana Glória Godoi Vasconcelos ◽

Oswaldo Gonçalves Cruz

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Cohort Analysis ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cohort Effect ◽

Lung Cancer Mortality ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Population Based ◽

Control Measures ◽

Early 21St Century

The aim of this study was to describe the pattern of trends in lung cancer mortality in Brazil and identify the effects of the factors age, period and cohort (APC) on mortality rates. A time series study was conducted using secondary population-based data. Lung cancer mortality rates by sex were calculated for the period 1980 to 2007. APC models were adjusted to identify the influence of age, period and cohort effects on rates. Lung cancer mortality rates are significantly higher among men. Specific rates for men over the age of 64 and for women of all ages are increasing. There was a greater increase of adjusted rates among women. With respect to the age effect, mortality risk increases with age starting with the earliest age groups. With regard to the cohort effect, there is a lesser risk of mortality among men born after 1950 and an increasing risk across all cohorts among women. The results regarding younger generations indicate that present trends are likely to continue. The cohort effect among women suggests an increasing trend in mortality rates, whereas a decrease in rates among men under the age of 65 suggests that this trend will continue. These trends reflect tobacco control measures adopted since 1986.

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Space-time smoothing of mortality estimates in children aged 5-14 in Sub-Saharan Africa

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0245596 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. e0245596

Author(s):

Benjamin-Samuel Schlüter ◽

Bruno Masquelier

Keyword(s):

National Level ◽

Age Groups ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Space Time ◽

Demographic And Health Surveys ◽

Older Children ◽

Under Five ◽

National Estimates ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Mortality Estimates

To meet the SDG requirement of spatial disaggregation of indicators, several methods have been developed to generate estimates of under-five mortality at the sub-national level. The reliability of sub-national mortality estimates in children aged 5-14 with the available survey data has not been evaluated so far. We generate Admin-1 sub-national estimates of the risk of dying in children aged less than five (5q0) and those aged 5 to 14 years old (10q5). We use 96 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) in 20 Sub-Saharan countries having at least 3 surveys designed to be representative at a sub-national level. The estimates account for the complex sample design of DHS and HIV-related biases in young children. A Bayesian space-time model previously developed for under-five mortality is used to smooth estimates across space and time in both age groups to reduce problems associated with data sparsity. The posterior distributions of the probability 10q5 are used to compute coefficients of variation and assess precision. Sufficiently precise estimates are retained to study the sub-national relationship between age-specific mortality rates (5q0 and 10q5), accounting for uncertainty in sub-national levels. Out of 1,132 space-time estimates, 62.3% are considered sufficiently precise with high heterogeneity across countries. Across all periods, sub-national estimates of mortality in children aged 0-4 are highly correlated with those in older children and young adolescents but this correlation is largely driven by the mortality decline. Within specific periods of time, it is often impossible to assess the relationship between mortality rates in the two age groups at the sub-national level, except in Nigeria, Ethiopia, Cameroon, Senegal and Zambia. As increased attention is devoted to survival after age 5, more research is needed to ensure that sub-national areas with specific interventions required for older children can be correctly identified.

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Trends in cancer mortality during the 20th century in Australia

Australian Health Review ◽

10.1071/ah070557 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 557 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rosanne Freak-Poli ◽

Peng Bi ◽

Janet E Hiller

Keyword(s):

Cancer Mortality ◽

Moving Average ◽

Age Groups ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Mortality Data ◽

Past Century ◽

Death Rates ◽

The Past ◽

Younger Age ◽

Modifiable Lifestyle Factors

An epidemiological study was conducted, using annual cancer mortality data over the period 1907 to 1998, to explore change in Australian cancer mortality. A 3-year moving average mortality was calculated to minimise the annual fluctuations over the study period. The results suggested that overall cancer mortality rose slightly over the past century, with a small decrease in more recent years. The male and female cancer mortality rates diverged over time. Younger age groups had low and stable death rates, 35?59 years age groups demonstrated decreased rates, and older age groups had increased rates over the study period. Modifiable lifestyle factors and other possible reasons for the changes were explored.

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Trends in Mortality Rates of Corpus Uteri and Ovarian Cancer in Lithuania, 1987–2016

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina56070347 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (7) ◽

pp. 347

Author(s):

Rūta Everatt ◽

Birutė Intaitė

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Cancer Mortality ◽

Cohort Analysis ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Percentage Change ◽

Cancer Type ◽

Annual Percentage Change ◽

Entire Study ◽

Ovarian Cancers ◽

Corpus Uteri

Background: The corpus uteri and ovarian cancers burden in Lithuania has remained high. The aim of this study was to investigate time trends in mortality rates of corpus uteri and ovarian cancer in Lithuania across age groups and time periods over a 30-year time span. Materials and Methods: Data on numbers of deaths from corpus uteri cancer during the period 1987–2016 and ovarian cancer during the period 1993–2016 were obtained from the WHO mortality database. Trends in age-standardized mortality rates (ASR, world standard), and age-specific rates were analyzed by calculating annual percentage change using Joinpoint regression. In addition, age–period–cohort analysis was performed for each cancer type. Results: Mortality from corpus uteri cancer decreased by −1.2% (95% CI: −1.8; −0.7) annually from 1987 to 2016. Decrease was most pronounced in youngest age group of 40–49 years; annual percentage change was −2.4 (95% CI: −4.0; −0.9). Mortality rates for ovarian cancers decreased by −1.2% (95% CI: −1.6; −0.8) annually from 1993 to 2016. Corpus uteri and ovarian cancer ASRs in 2016 were 3.5/100,000 and 7.4/100,000, respectively. The age–period–cohort analysis suggests that temporal trends in corpus uteri cancer mortality rates could be attributed to period and cohort effects. Conclusion: A reduction in mortality rate was observed for corpus uteri and ovarian cancer over the entire study period. Similar decreasing pattern for corpus uteri and ovarian cancer mortality indicate effect of shared factors.

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