Protective effects of saffron extract and crocin supplementation on fatty liver tissue of high-fat diet-induced obese rats

Obesity is considered a systemic low-grade inflammatory state. Although the spleen is the main immune organ with a close anatomical relationship with the liver, its role in the progression of fatty liver disease remains uncertain. Therefore, we sought to clarify the functional role of the spleen in the development of steatohepatitis in high-fat (HF)-diet-induced obese rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed HF food and divided into two groups, a splenectomy (SPX) group and a sham-operation (Sham) group. The liver and abdominal white adipose tissue (WAT) were removed one and six months after surgery, and we evaluated the effects of SPX on WAT and HF-induced fatty liver. SPX rats exhibited worse dyslipidemia and inflammatory changes in WAT one month after surgery. Hepatic steatosis and inflammation were accelerated by SPX, based on the time after surgery. At one month after surgery, the tissue triglyceride content increased in SPX rats, compared with Sham controls ( P < 0.05). The liver histology also showed a worsening of steatosis in those rats. At six months after SPX, dramatic inflammatory and fibrotic changes were observed in liver tissue sections. Hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 was suppressed at one and six months after SPX ( P < 0.05 for each). WAT and liver tissue levels of inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor- α, and the expression of Kupffer cells were all increased at six months in SPX rats, compared with Sham controls ( P < 0.05 for each). Our results indicate that the preservation of the spleen contributes to the prevention of the progression of hepatic steatosis to steatohepatitis in obese rats.

Download Full-text

Protective effects of exercise on heart and aorta in high-fat diet-induced obese rats

Tissue and Cell ◽

10.1016/j.tice.2019.01.005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 57 ◽

pp. 57-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Merve Acikel Elmas ◽

Seyit Enes Cakıcı ◽

Ismail Rahmi Dur ◽

Ibrahim Kozluca ◽

Melih Arınc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Protective Effects ◽

High Fat ◽

Obese Rats

Download Full-text

Effect of Saffron Extract and Crocin in Serum Metabolites of Induced Obesity Rats

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/1247946 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Fatin Najwa Ramli ◽

Azliana Abu Bakar Sajak ◽

Faridah Abas ◽

Zulfitri Azuan Mat Daud ◽

Azrina Azlan

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Crocus Sativus ◽

Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽

High Fat ◽

H Nmr ◽

Metabolite Profiles ◽

Obese Rats ◽

Saffron Extract ◽

Primary Compound ◽

Different Doses

The effect of saffron extract (Crocus sativus L.) and its primary compound crocin was studied on an induced obesity rat model. Our study is aimed at investigating and comparing the metabolite changes in obese and obese treated with saffron extract and crocin and at improving the understanding of the therapeutic effect of saffron extract and crocin. Two different doses of saffron extracts and crocin (40 and 80 mg/kg) were incorporated in a high-fat diet (HFD) and were given for eight weeks to the obese rats. The changes in metabolite profiles of the serum were determined using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). Pattern recognition by multivariate data analysis (MVDA) showed that saffron extract and crocin at 80 mg/kg was the best dosage compared to 40 mg/kg. It also showed that both treatments work in different pathways, especially concerning glucose, lipid, and creatinine metabolism. In conclusion, although the pure compound, crocin, is superior to the saffron crude extract, this finding suggested that the saffron extract can be considered as an alternative aside from crocin in treating obesity.

Download Full-text

Terminalia paniculata bark extract attenuates non-alcoholic fatty liver via down regulation of fatty acid synthase in high fat diet-fed obese rats

Lipids in Health and Disease ◽

10.1186/1476-511x-13-58 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 58 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mopuri Ramgopal ◽

Banavathy S Kruthika ◽

Damineni Surekha ◽

Balaji Meriga

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Fatty Acid Synthase ◽

Bark Extract ◽

High Fat ◽

Down Regulation ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Obese Rats ◽

Terminalia Paniculata

Download Full-text

Protective effects of Chinese Fenggang zinc selenium tea on metabolic syndrome in high-sucrose-high-fat diet-induced obese rats

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-018-21913-w ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jie Yu ◽

Jing Yang ◽

Mizhuan Li ◽

Xuesong Yang ◽

Pan Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Protective Effects ◽

High Fat ◽

Obese Rats ◽

High Sucrose

Download Full-text

Electroacupuncture Prevents Osteoarthritis of High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/9380965 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Lin-Lin Xie ◽

Yu-Li Zhao ◽

Jian Yang ◽

Hui Cheng ◽

Zhen-Dong Zhong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Joint Inflammation ◽

Protective Effects ◽

High Fat ◽

Lipid Metabolism Disorder ◽

Metabolism Disorder ◽

Obese Rats

The effects of acupuncture on osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis have been demonstrated in vitro and in animal models. However, the potential for acupuncture to mediate protective effects on obese-induced OA has not been examined. Here, we investigated the effects of different acupuncture patterns on OA pathogenesis in high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obese rats. After 12-week diet-induced obesity, obese rats were treated with three acupuncture protocols for 2 weeks, including ST36, GB34, and ST36+GB34. The results showed that the three acupuncture protocols both prevented obesity-induced cartilage matrix degradation and MMP expression and mitigated obesity-induced systemic and local inflammation but had different regulatory effects on lipid metabolism and gut microbiota disorder of obese-induced OA rats. Furthermore, the three acupuncture protocols increased the microbial diversity and altered the structure of community of feces in obese rats. We found that ST36 and GB34 could inhibit proinflammatory shift in the gut microbiome with an increase in the ratio of Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes and promote the recovery of relative abundance of Clostridium, Akkermansia, Butyricimonas, and Lactococcus. Although both ST36 and GB34 had an anti-inflammatory effect on serum inflammatory mediators, only the acupuncture protocol with both ST36 and GB34 could effectively inhibit LPS-mediated joint inflammation in obesity rats. Therefore, relieving obesity-related chronic inflammation, lipid metabolism disorder, and gut microbiota disorder may be an important mechanism for acupuncture with ST36 and GB34 to promote OA recovery.

Download Full-text

Viscous dietary fibers added to a high fat diet decrease fatty liver, reduce hepatic gene expression of gluconeogenic enzymes and improve metabolic flexibility in obese rats

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.636.29 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 27 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

David A. Brockman ◽

Xiaoli Chen ◽

Daniel D. Gallaher

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Metabolic Flexibility ◽

Hepatic Gene Expression ◽

Dietary Fibers ◽

High Fat ◽

Gluconeogenic Enzymes ◽

Obese Rats

Download Full-text

Preventive effect of total glycosides from Ligustri Lucidi Fructus against nonalcoholic fatty liver in mice

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2015-4161 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 70 (9-10) ◽

pp. 237-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nianyun Yang ◽

Yiwen Zhang ◽

Jianming Guo

Keyword(s):

Fatty Liver ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Inflammatory Responses ◽

Regulatory Element ◽

Lipid Synthesis ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Model Group ◽

High Fat ◽

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Element Binding Protein

Abstract The protective effects of the total glycosides from Ligustri Lucidi Fructus against nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) in mice were investigated. Liver injury was induced by the administration of high fat diet for 60 days. During this period, the model group received high fat diet only; the treatment groups received various drugs plus high fat diet. Compared with the model group, the total glycosides significantly decreased the contents of triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol (TC), as well as the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the serum. Moreover, the contents of TG and TC in liver tissue and the liver index were reduced. Histological findings also confirmed antisteatosis. Compared with the model group, total glycosides significantly reduced the levels of the sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and liver X receptor-a (LXR-α) protein, and down-regulated the expression of SREBP-1c, LXR-α and interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA in the liver. These results suggest that the total glycosides are effective in the treatment of NAFL of mice. Their mode of action is associated with inhibiting SREBP-1c, LXR-α and IL-6 mRNA, reducing lipid synthesis factor SREBP-1c and LXR-α protein and gene expression, suppressing inflammatory responses, then decreasing serum lipid and hepatic lipid.

Download Full-text