scholarly journals Identification of an IRF10 gene in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) and analysis of its function in the antiviral and antibacterial immune response

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoyao Zhu ◽  
Shijuan Shan ◽  
Huaping Zhao ◽  
Rongrong Liu ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Carp ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idella ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
Type I ◽  
Regulatory Factors ◽  
Polyinosinic:Polycytidylic Acid ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory ◽  
Localization Signal

Abstract Background Interferon (IFN) regulatory factors (IRFs), as transcriptional regulatory factors, play important roles in regulating the expression of type I IFN and IFN- stimulated genes (ISGs) in innate immune responses. In addition, they participate in cell growth and development and regulate oncogenesis. Results In the present study, the cDNA sequence of IRF10 in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) was characterized (abbreviation, CcIRF10). The predicted protein sequence of CcIRF10 shared 52.7–89.2% identity with other teleost IRF10s and contained a DNA-binding domain (DBD), a nuclear localization signal (NLS) and an IRF-associated domain (IAD). Phylogenetic analysis showed that CcIRF10 had the closest relationship with IRF10 of Ctenopharyngodon idella. CcIRF10 transcripts were detectable in all examined tissues, with the highest expression in the gonad and the lowest expression in the head kidney. CcIRF10 expression was upregulated in the spleen, head kidney, foregut and hindgut upon polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) and Aeromonas hydrophila stimulation and induced by poly I:C, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and peptidoglycan (PGN) in peripheral blood leucocytes (PBLs) and head kidney leukocytes (HKLs) of C. carpio. In addition, overexpression of CcIRF10 was able to decrease the expression of the IFN and IFN-stimulated genes PKR and ISG15. Conclusions These results indicate that CcIRF10 participates in antiviral and antibacterial immunity and negatively regulates the IFN response, which provides new insights into the IFN system of C. carpio.

scholarly journals Identification of an IRF10 gene in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) and analysis of its function in the antiviral and antibacterial immune response

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoyao Zhu ◽  
Shijuan Shan ◽  
Huaping Zhao ◽  
Rongrong Liu ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Carp ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idella ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
Type I ◽  
Regulatory Factors ◽  
Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory ◽  
Carp Cyprinus Carpio

Abstract Background: Interferon (IFN) regulatory factors (IRFs), as transcriptional regulatory factors, play important roles in regulating the expression of type I IFN and IFN stimulated genes (ISGs) in innate immune responses. In addition, they participate in cell growth and development and regulate oncogenesis. Results: In the present study, the cDNA sequence of IRF10 in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) was characterized (abbreviation, CcIRF10). The predicted protein sequence of CcIRF10 shared 52.7-89.2% identity with other teleost IRF10s and contained a DNA-binding domain (DBD), a nuclear localization signal (NLS) and an IRF-associated domain (IAD). Phylogenetic analysis showed that CcIRF10 had the closest relationship with IRF10 of Ctenopharyngodon idella. CcIRF10 transcripts were detectable in all examined tissues, with the highest expression in the gonad and the lowest expression in the head kidney. CcIRF10 expression was upregulated in the spleen, head kidney, foregut and hindgut upon polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) and Aeromonas hydrophila stimulation and induced by poly I:C, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and peptidoglycan (PGN) in peripheral blood leucocytes (PBLs) and head kidney leukocytes (HKLs) of C. carpio. In addition, overexpression of CcIRF10 was able to decrease the expression of the IFN and IFN stimulated genes PKR and ISG15. Conclusions: These results indicate that CcIRF10 participates in antiviral and antibacterial immunity and negatively regulates the IFN response, which provides new insights into the IFN system of C. carpio.

scholarly journals Identification and Functional Analysis of A Non-Mammalian IRF10 in Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio. L) in The Antiviral and Antibacterial Immune Response

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoyao Zhu ◽  
Shijuan Shan ◽  
Huaping Zhao ◽  
Rongrong Liu ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Carp ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
Type I ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Regulatory Factors ◽  
Polycytidylic Acid ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory ◽  
Localization Signal

Abstract Background: Interferon (IFN) regulatory factors (IRFs), as the transcriptional regulatory factors play important roles in regulating the expression of type I IFN and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) in innate immune responses, as well as participate in cell growth, development and regulating the oncogenesis.Results: In the present study, the cDNA sequence of IRF10 was characterized in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) (abbreviation, CcIRF10). The predicted protein sequence of CcIRF10 shared 52.7-89.2% identities to teleost IRF10 and contained a DNA-binding domain (DBD), a nuclear localization signal (NLS) and an IRF associated domain (IAD). Phylogenetic analysis showed that CcIRF10 had a closer relationship with the IRF10 of Ctenopharyngodon idella. CcIRF10 transcripts was detectable in all examined tissues, with the highest expression in the gonad and the lowest expression level in the head kidney. The CcIRF10 expression was up-regulated in the spleen, head kidney, foregut and hindgut upon polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) and Aeromonas hydrophila stimulation, and also induced by poly I:C, LPS and PGN in the peripheral blood leucocytes (PBLs) and head kidney leukocytes (HKLs) of C. carpio. In addition, overexpression of CcIRF10 was able to decrease the expressions of IFN-related genes, PKR and ISG5.Conclusions: These results indicated that CcIRF10 participated in the antiviral and antibacterial immunity, and negatively regulated the IFN response, which provided new insights into the IFN system of C. carpio.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization and immune functional analysis of IRF2 in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.): different regulatory role in the IFN and NF-κB signalling pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Li ◽  
Xinping Chen ◽  
Yaoyao Zhu ◽  
Rongrong Liu ◽  
Linlin Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Carp ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idella ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Polyinosinic:Polycytidylic Acid ◽  
Antiviral Innate Immunity ◽  
And Control ◽  
Dual Luciferase Reporter Assay

Abstract Background Interferon regulatory factor 2 (IRF2) is an important transcription factor, which can regulate the IFN response and plays a role in antiviral innate immunity in teleost. Results In the present study, the full-length cDNA sequence of IRF2 (CcIRF2) was characterized in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), which encoded a protein containing a conserved DNA-binding domain (DBD) and an IRF-associated domain (IAD). Phylogenetic analysis showed that CcIRF2 was most closely related with IRF2 of Ctenopharyngodon idella. CcIRF2 transcripts were detectable in all examined tissues, with higher expression in the gills, spleen and brain. CcIRF2 expression was upregulated in immune-related tissues of common carp upon polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly (I:C)) and Aeromonas hydrophila stimulation and induced by poly (I:C), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peptidoglycan (PGN) and flagellin in the peripheral blood leucocytes (PBLs) and head kidney leukocytes (HKLs). In addition, overexpression of CcIRF2 decreased the expression of IFN and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), and a dual-luciferase reporter assay revealed that CcIRF2 could increase the activation of NF-κB. Conclusions These results indicate that CcIRF2 participates in antiviral and antibacterial immune response and negatively regulates the IFN response, which provide a new insight into the regulation of IFN system in common carp, and are helpful for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in carp farming.

scholarly journals Identification and functional characterization of a fish-specific tlr19 in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) that recruits TRIF as an adaptor and induces ifn expression during the immune response

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shijuan Shan ◽  
Rongrong Liu ◽  
Hanxiao Feng ◽  
Fei Meng ◽  
Muhanmmad Aizaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Carp ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Free Ribosome ◽  
Early Endosomes ◽  
Localization Analysis

AbstractToll-like receptor 19 (Tlr19) is a fish-specific TLR that plays a critical role in innate immunity. In the present study, we aimed to identify tlr19 from common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) and explored its expression profile, localization, adaptor, and signaling pathways. A novel tlr19 cDNA sequence (Cctlr19) was identified in common carp. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that CcTlr19 was most closely related to Danio rerio Tlr19. Subcellular localization analysis indicates that CcTlr19 was synthesized in the free ribosome and then transported to early endosomes. Cctlr19 was constitutively expressed in all the examined tissues, with the highest expression in the brain. After poly(I:C) and Aeromonas hydrophila injection, the expression of Cctlr19 was significantly upregulated in immune-related organs. In addition, the expression of Cctlr19 was upregulated in head kidney leukocytes (HKL) upon stimulation with different ligands. Immunofluorescence and luciferase analyses indicate that CcTlr19 recruited TRIF as an adaptor. Furthermore, CcTlr19 can activate the expression of ifn-1 and viperin. Taken together, these findings lay the foundation for future research to investigate the mechanisms underlying fish tlr19.

scholarly journals Acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity in carp brain and muscle after acute exposure to diafuran

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaqueline Ineu Golombieski ◽  
Enio Marchesan ◽  
Edinalvo Rabaioli Camargo ◽  
Joseânia Salbego ◽  
Joele Schmitt Baumart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Carp ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Grass Carp ◽  
Ache Activity ◽  
Bighead Carp ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idella ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Aristichthys Nobilis ◽  
Early Biomarker ◽  
The Common

Sublethal adverse effects may result from exposure of aquatic organisms to insecticides at environmentally relevant concentrations. Fingerlings of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus, 1758), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella, Valenciennes, 1844), and bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis, Richardson, 1845) were exposed to diafuran, an insecticide widely used during rice cultivation in Southern Brazil. The aim of this study was to verify the relationship between the lethal concentration (LC50) of diafuran and the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in brain and muscle tissues of these species as a possible early biomarker of exposure to this insecticide. LC50 was determined for fish exposed to diafuran concentrations during 96 h (short term): common carp: control, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 mg L-1; grass carp: control, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 3.5 mg L-1 and, bighead carp: control, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 mg L-1, as well as the determination of AChE at concentrations near LC50 for these species. LC50 values (nominal concentrations) were 1.81 mg L-1 for the common carp, 2.71 mg L-1 for the grass carp and, 2.37 mg L-1 for the bighead carp. All carps exposed to diafuran were lethargic (lower concentrations) or immobile. Diafuran inhibited the acetylcholinesterase activity in brain (~38%) and muscle (~50%) of all species. Muscle of bighead carp under control treatment showed higher specific AChE activity than brain (14.44 against 5.94 µmol min-1 g protein-1, respectively). Concentrations of diafuran used for rice cropping may affect Cyprinus carpio, Ctenopharyngodon idella and Aristichthys nobilis behaviors and the AChE activities in brain and muscle of these species may be an early biomarker of toxicity of this insecticide.

scholarly journals Central and peripheral interleukin-1β and interleukin-1 receptor I expression and their role in the acute stress response of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L.

2006 ◽  
Vol 191 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juriaan R Metz ◽  
Mark O Huising ◽  
Karin Leon ◽  
B M Lidy Verburg-van Kemenade ◽  
Gert Flik
Keyword(s):  
Common Carp ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Interleukin 1Β ◽  
Pars Intermedia ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Hpi Axis

In fish, the hypothalamus–pituitary–interrenal axis (HPI-axis), the equivalent of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA-axis) in mammals, is activated during stress and leads to production and release of cortisol by the interregnal cells in the head kidney. In mammals, the cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) takes a key position in the innate immune and inflammatory responses and influences the HPA-axis. In fish, studies that address the effects of cytokines on HPI-axis activation are limited. We quantitatively assessed expression of IL-1β and its receptor, IL-1RI (the latter was cloned and sequenced), in an acute restraint stress paradigm in common carp, Cyprinus carpio. We also considered expression of the pituitary hormones prolactin (PRL) and GH that have been shown to be structurally related to cytokines and have immunomodulatory actions. Pituitary PRL expression increased fourfold during stress; GH mRNA levels were unaffected. Following restraint, hypothalamic IL-1β expression was upregulated; in head kidney and pituitary pars intermedia, IL-1RI expression significantly increased. We suggest that during acute stress IL-1β signalling in the HPI-axis becomes more sensitive, since both ligand and receptor expressions are enhanced. In vitro, recombinant carp IL-1β stimulates release of α-MSH and N-Ac β-endorphin from the pituitary gland. This observation concurs with increased in vivo plasma levels of α-MSH and N-Ac β-endorphin following restraint. Our findings combined lead us to conclude that IL-1β affects the activity of the HPI-axis and, in turn, expression profiles of genes encoding IL-1β and its receptor are modified during acute stress. Our study provides convincing evidence for bi-directional communication of the HPI-axis and the immune system in fish.

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