scholarly journals Homeostasis model assessment, serum insulin and their relation to body fat in cats

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma M. Strage ◽  
Charles J. Ley ◽  
Johannes Forkman ◽  
Malin Öhlund ◽  
Sarah Stadig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Biological Variation ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Serum

Abstract Background Obesity is associated with insulin resistance (IR) and considered a risk factor for diabetes mellitus (DM) in cats. It has been proposed that homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), which is the product of fasting serum insulin (mU/L) and glucose (mmol/L) divided by 22.5, can be used to indicate IR. The objectives of this study were threefold: (i) to evaluate associations between body fat, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR, (ii) to determine population-based reference interval of HOMA-IR in healthy lean cats, and (iii) to evaluate biological variation of HOMA-IR and fasting insulin in cats. Results 150 cats were grouped as lean or overweight based on body condition score and in 68 of the cats body fat percentage (BF%) was estimated by computed tomography. Fasting serum insulin and glucose concentrations were analysed. Statistical differences in HOMA-IR and insulin between overweight or lean cats were evaluated using Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Robust method with Box-Cox transformation was used for calculating HOMA-IR reference interval in healthy lean cats. Relations between BF% and HOMA-IR and insulin were evaluated by regression analysis. Restricted maximum likelihood ratio was used to calculate indices of biological variation of HOMA-IR and insulin in seven cats. There were significant differences between groups with overweight cats (n = 77) having higher HOMA-IR (p < 0.0001) and insulin (p = 0.0002) than lean cats (n = 73). Reference interval for HOMA-IR in lean cats was 0.1–3.0. HOMA-IR and fasting insulin concentrations showed similar significant positive association with BF% (p = 0.0010 and p = 0.0017, respectively). Within-animal coefficient of variation of HOMA-IR and insulin was 51% and 49%, respectively. Conclusions HOMA-IR and fasting insulin higher in overweight than lean cats and correlate to BF%. The established population-based reference interval for HOMA-IR as well as the indices of biological variation for HOMA-IR and fasting insulin may be used when interpreting HOMA-IR and fasting insulin in cats. Further studies are needed to evaluate if HOMA-IR or fasting insulin is useful for identifying cats at risk of developing DM.

scholarly journals Urinary C-Peptide Secretion(UCPS): Can It be A New Index to Reflect Insulin Sensitivity and A Predictor in Pregnant Women?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Wei ◽  
Minmin An ◽  
Qi Fu ◽  
Xiaohua Men ◽  
Yinhui He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Matsuda Index ◽  
Peptide Secretion ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Background: In order to assess the correlation between pregnant women's urinary C-peptide secretion(UCPS) and insulin sensitivity, and to examine the predictors of gestational diabetes. Methods: we recruited 166 women between 20 and 28 weeks of gestation. Their height and weight were measured to calculate the body mass index (BMI). 75g OGTT was carried out, so as to detect the serum glucose, serum insulin and C-peptide levels. Besides, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), homeostasis model assessment of β cell function (HOMA-β), Matsuda index, and area under the serum C-peptide curve (CPauc) were calculated. Additionally, the fasting urine specimen and all urine samples within 2 hours after OGTT were collected to determine the urinary C-peptide and urine volume to calculate UCPS. Results: We found that Fasting serum insulin (Fins), Fasting serum C-peptide (FCP), BMI, OGTT 2h UCPS(UCPS120), CPauc, Matsuda index and HOMA-IR of GDM group were higher than NGT group. FCP was correlated with UCPS0 (r=0.234, p=0.002) and HOMA-β(r=0.251, p=0.001). UCPS120 was correlated with CPauc(r=0.176 p<0.001), Matsuda index(r=-0.362, p<0.001) and HOMA-IR(r=0.336, p<0.001). The combination of BMI and UCPS120 was better than other index in predicting GDM, with a sensitivity of 72.0% and specificity of 70.7%. Conclusion: UCPS120 had the potential to be a new index to reflect insulin sensitivity in pregnant women. To screening the GDM, the combination of BMI and UCPS120 was better than other index.

Investigating the relationship between insulin resistance and adipose tissue in a randomized Tehrani population

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalaledin Mirzay Razzaz ◽  
Hossein Moameri ◽  
Zahra Akbarzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Ariya ◽  
Seyed ali Hosseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Fat Percent ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives Insulin resistance is the most common metabolic change associated with obesity. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between insulin resistance and body composition especially adipose tissue in a randomized Tehrani population. Methods This study used data of 2,160 individuals registered in a cross-sectional study on were randomly selected from among subjects who were referred to nutrition counseling clinic in Tehran, from April 2016 to September 2017. Insulin resistance was calculated by homeostasis model assessment formula. The odds ratio (95% CI) was calculated using logistic regression models. Results The mean age of the men was 39 (±10) and women were 41 (±11) (the age ranged from 20 to 50 years). The risk of increased HOMA-IR was 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01–1.04) for an increase in one percent of Body fat, and 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00–1.05) for an increase in one percent of Trunk fat. Moreover, the odds ratio of FBS for an increase in one unit of Body fat percent and Trunk fat percent increased by 1.05 (adjusted odds ratio [95% CI: 1.03, 1.06]) and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.08). Also, the risk of increased Fasting Insulin was 1.05 (95% CI: 1.03–1.07) for an increase in one unit of Body fat percent, and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02–1.08) for an increase in one unit of Trunk fat percent. Conclusions The findings of the present study showed that there was a significant relationship between HOMA-IR, Fasting blood sugar, Fasting Insulin, and 2 h Insulin with percent of Body fat, percent of Trunk fat.

scholarly journals Plasma resistin, adiponectin and leptin levels in lean and obese subjects: correlations with insulin resistance

2003 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
JV Silha ◽  
M Krsek ◽  
JV Skrha ◽  
P Sucharda ◽  
BL Nyomba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
The Relationship

OBJECTIVE: Adipose tIssue regulates insulin sensitivity via the circulating adipocytokines, leptin, resistin and adiponectin. The objective of this study was to compare the levels of resistin, adiponectin and leptin in lean and obese subjects and determine the relationship between circulating adipocytokines and insulin resistance. METHODS: We examined plasma levels of resistin, adiponectin and leptin in 17 lean subjects with a mean body mass index (BMI) of approximately 23 and 34 non-diabetic obese individuals with a mean BMI approximately 33. Insulin resistance was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment ratio (HOMA-R) formula derived from fasting insulin and glucose levels. RESULTS: Resistin levels were not significantly different between the two groups but were significantly higher in women compared with men, 35.4+/-6.5 (s.e.) vs 15.4+/-2.9 microg/L, P<0.01. Resistin did not correlate with BMI but did significantly correlate with HOMA-R, P<0.01, and this correlation remained significant after adjustment for gender and BMI. Adiponectin levels were significantly lower in obese compared with lean subjects, P<0.005, and higher in women, P<0.001, but showed no significant correlation with HOMA-R. Leptin levels were significantly higher in obese subjects and women and correlated with HOMA-R and resistin. DISCUSSION: In this small group of patients we demonstrated that insulin resistance correlated most strongly with leptin levels. A significant correlation between resistin levels and insulin resistance was also observed. Although a similar trend was apparent for adiponectin, the correlation with insulin resistance did not achieve statistical significance.

Abstract P098: Maternal Insulin/Glycemic Regulation, Leptin, and Adiposity Levels are Associated with Newborn Adiposity

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Patenaude ◽  
Catherine Allard ◽  
Marilyn Lacroix ◽  
Laeticia Guillemette ◽  
Marie-Claude Battista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Metabolic Characteristics ◽  
Neonatal Adiposity ◽  
Glycemic Regulation ◽  
Maternal Bmi

Introduction: Leptin is a hormone secreted by adipocytes that circulates in proportion to body fat. Placenta also produces leptin suggesting a specific role during pregnancy, maybe contributing to pregnancy-induced insulin resistance. Objective: To determine the associations between maternal levels of leptin, glucose and insulin and weight/adiposity measures in newborns. Methods: A population-based cohort of pregnant women in the region of Sherbrooke, Canada was recruited in early pregnancy (n=1040 at 1 st trimester). Maternal anthropometry was measured and blood samples were collected at the 1 st and 2 nd trimesters to measure glucose (hexokinase), leptin and insulin (ELISA Luminex, Millipore Canada). Birth weights were recorded from the medical records in 783 newborns (full term >36 weeks). We measured skinfolds in 199 newborns within 72h after birth, using a standardized caliper. We measured triceps, biceps, subscapular and supra-iliac skinfolds and the sum of skinfolds was used for analysis representing overall neonatal adiposity. Correlations and linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the associations between maternal metabolic characteristics and neonatal weight/adiposity measures. Results: Birth weight was associated with maternal body mass index (BMI; r=0.18 and r=0.20 at 1st and 2 nd trimesters respectively; both P <0.001), percent body fat (%bf; r=0.25; P <0.001), weight gain over pregnancy (r=0.14; P <0.001), and fasting leptin (r=0.15, P <0.001). Surprisingly, crude birth weight was not associated with maternal glycemic or insulin levels at 1 st or 2 nd trimesters (all P >0.05). In contrast, sum of skinfolds was associated with maternal fasting glucose (r=0.17, P =0.01) and fasting insulin (r=0.24, P =0.001), in addition to fasting leptin (r=0.18, P =0.01) at 2 nd trimester. Sum of skinfolds was also associated with maternal BMI (r=0.18, P =0.008 at 1 st and r=0.21, P =0.003 at 2 nd trimester) and %bf (r=0.19; P =0.005). After adjustments for maternal BMI or %bf, sum of skinfolds remained significantly associated with maternal fasting insulin (all P <0.05), but not with maternal leptin levels ( P =0.16 to 0.35) Conclusion: These results suggest that maternal insulin/glycemic regulation has a greater impact on neonatal adiposity than overall crude birth weight. Birth weight and neonatal adiposity are both associated with maternal leptin levels, likely representing maternal own adiposity levels that might influence neonatal outcomes directly or indirectly.

Distribution of HOMA-IR in a population-based cohort and proposal for reference intervals

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bassel Matli ◽  
Andreas Schulz ◽  
Thomas Koeck ◽  
Tanja Falter ◽  
Johannes Lotz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objectives Insulin resistance (IR) is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) provides an estimate for IR from fasting glucose and insulin serum concentrations. The aim of this study was to obtain a reference interval for HOMA-IR for a specific insulin immunoassay. Methods The Gutenberg Health Study (GHS) is a population-based, prospective, single-center cohort study in Germany with 15,030 participants aged 35–74 years. Fasting glucose, insulin, and C-peptide were available in 10,340 participants. HOMA-IR was calculated in this group and three reference subgroups with increasingly more stringent inclusion criteria. Age- and sex-dependent distributions of HOMA-IR and reference intervals were obtained. In a substudy three insulin assays were compared and HOMA-IR estimated for each assay. Results Among the 10,340 participants analyzed there were 6,590 non-diabetic, 2,901 prediabetic, and 849 diabetic individuals. Median (interquartile range [IQR]) HOMA-IR was 1.54 (1.13/2.19), 2.00 (1.39/2.99), and 4.00 (2.52/6.51), respectively. The most stringently selected reference group consisted of 1,065 persons. Median (IQR) HOMA-IR was 1.09 (0.85/1.42) with no significant difference between men and women. The 97.5th percentile was 2.35. There was a non-significant trend towards higher values with older age. Comparison of three immunoassays for insulin showed an unsatisfactory correlation among the assays and systematic differences in calculated HOMA-IR. Conclusions We present HOMA-IR reference intervals for adults derived by more or less stringent selection criteria for the reference cohort. In addition we show that assay specific reference intervals for HOMA-IR are required.

scholarly journals Visfatin levels in non-obese, obese, and insulin resistant adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Indra Ihsan ◽  
Eka Agustia Rini ◽  
Rismawati Yaswir
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Resistant Group ◽  
Visfatin Level

Background Adipose tissue is not merely a site for energy storage, but is also the largest endocrine organ, secreting various adipocytokines. Plasma visfatin, an adipocytokine predominantly secreted from visceral adipose tissue, has insulin-mimetic effects, and has been closely linked to insulin resistance.Objective To compare plasma visfatin levels between obese and non-obese adolescents, as well as between obese adolecents with and without insulin resistance.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in students who attended three senior high schools in Padang. Subjects comprised 28 obese and 28 non-obese adolescents. The age of the subjects ranged from 14-18 years. Obesity criteria were based on body mass index (BMI) measurements. Fasting serum glucose level was measured by glucose hexokinase photometry and serum insulin was measured by chemiluminesence immunoassay. Plasma visfatin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The insulin resistance index was estimated from fasting serum insulin and glucose levels using the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Differences in the variables were tested using independent T-test and Mann-Whitney test, depending on the distribution of the variables.Results The mean plasma visfatin level was significantly higher in the obese than in the control group [2.55 (SD 1.54) vs. 1.61 (SD 0.64) ng/mL, respectively; (P=0.005)]. The insulin resistant group had significantly higher mean plasma visfatin level than the non-resistant group [3.61 (SD 1.59) vs. 1.96 (SD 1.18) ng/mL, respectively; (P=0.004)].Conclusion Obese adolescents with insulin resistance have signifcantly higher plasma visfatin levels compared to those without insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Adiponectin, an Adipocyte-Derived Protein, Predicts Future Insulin Resistance: Two-Year Follow-Up Study in Japanese Population

2004 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukihiro Yamamoto ◽  
Hiroshi Hirose ◽  
Ikuo Saito ◽  
Kanako Nishikai ◽  
Takao Saruta
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Adiponectin Level ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Serum Adiponectin ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Insulin Resistance Index

It has been reported that the serum adiponectin level was negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI), insulin resistance index, and triglycerides and was positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in several cross-sectional studies. However, the causal relationship has not been elucidated. We investigated whether the baseline adiponectin level could predict subsequent changes in insulin resistance, lipid profile, or body weight in a 2-yr longitudinal study. This study included 590 male Japanese subjects, aged 30–65 yr, who received annual health checkups in both 2000 and 2002. Blood pressure, heart rate, and anthropometric and metabolic parameters, including serum insulin and adiponectin levels, were determined. The insulin resistance index was calculated based on homeostasis model assessment. Baseline adiponectin level was not correlated with the subsequent change in lipid profile or BMI in 2 yr after adjustment for each baseline value. However, the baseline adiponectin level was negatively correlated with subsequent changes in insulin and insulin resistance index based on homeostasis model assessment, even after adjustment for change in BMI (r = −0.162 and r = −0.140, respectively). These findings suggest that the serum adiponectin concentration predicts subsequent changes in insulin resistance, but not in lipid profile or body weight.

Bicycling but not Walking Is Independently Associated With Fasting Insulin in Abdominally Obese Women

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 820-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Hemmingsson ◽  
Ulf Ekelund ◽  
Joanna Udden
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
The Impact

Background:The impact of walking and bicycling on insulin resistance (IR) in women with abdominal obesity is unclear.Methods:Pooled analysis of data from a randomized trial on physically active commuting (bicycling + walking vs walking only) in women with abdominal obesity [n = 98; age:47.3 ± 7.6 yrs; waist circumference (WC):103.1 ± 7.8 cm]. Bicycling and walking data were collected during 7 consecutive days by trip meters (Trelock FC-410) and pedometers (Yamax digiwalker SW-200) at baseline, 2, 4, and 6 months. Owing to a skew distribution we analyzed bicycling as a binary dummy variable with a 10 km/week cut-off. Fasting serum insulin and homeostatic model assessment – insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were assessed at baseline and 6 months, as were body mass index (BMI), WC, and dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-assessed % whole-body fat.Results:Increased bicycling by 10 km/wk was associated with reductions in fasting serum insulin at follow-up independent of age, treatment allocation, baseline phenotype, Δ walking, and Δ % body fat (β = −10.9, P = .042), but not HOMA-IR (β = −2.0, P = .13). Increased walking was not associated with fasting serum insulin (P = .33) or HOMA-IR (P = .44) at follow-up, after adjustment for the same covariates and Δ bicycling.Conclusion:Increased bicycling but not walking was associated with reduced insulin levels at follow-up. Bicycling may be more effective than walking for reducing insulin levels in abdominally obese women.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document