scholarly journals Preventing the re-establishment of malaria in Sri Lanka amidst the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasad Ranaweera ◽  
Rajitha Wickremasinghe ◽  
Kamini Mendis
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Imported Malaria ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Health Programmes

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has had a considerable impact on other health programmes in countries, including on malaria, and is currently under much discussion. As many countries are accelerating efforts to eliminate malaria or to prevent the re-establishment of malaria from recently eliminated countries, the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to cause major interruptions to ongoing anti-malaria operations and risk jeopardizing the gains that have been made so far. Sri Lanka, having eliminated malaria in 2012, was certified by the World Health Organization as a malaria-free country in 2016 and now implements a rigorous programme to prevent its re-establishment owing to the high receptivity and vulnerability of the country to malaria. Sri Lanka has also dealt with the COVID-19 epidemic quite successfully limiting the cumulative number of infections and deaths through co-ordinated efforts between the health sector and other relevant sectors, namely the military, the Police Department, Departments of Airport and Aviation and Foreign Affairs, all of which have been deployed for the COVID-19 epidemic under the umbrella of a Presidential Task Force. The relevance of imported infections and the need for a multi-sectoral response are features common to both the control of the COVID-19 epidemic and the Prevention of Re-establishment (POR) programme for malaria. Sri Lanka’s malaria POR programme has, therefore, creatively integrated its activities with those of the COVID-19 control programme. Through highly coordinated operations the return to the country of Sri Lankan nationals stranded overseas by the COVID-19 pandemic, many from malaria endemic countries, are being monitored for malaria as well as COVID-19 in an integrated case surveillance system under quarantine conditions, to the success of both programmes. Twenty-three imported malaria cases were detected from February to October through 2773 microscopic blood examinations performed for malaria in quarantine centres, this number being not much different to the incidence of imported malaria during the same period last year. This experience highlights the importance of integrated case surveillance and the need for a highly coordinated multi-sectoral approach in dealing with emerging new infections. It also suggests that synergies between the COVID-19 epidemic control programme and other health programmes may be found and developed to the advantage of both.

scholarly journals Policy Innovation and Policy Pathways: Tuberculosis Control in Sri Lanka, 1948–1990

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-533
Author(s):  
Margaret Jones
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tuberculosis Control ◽  
Organization Model ◽  
Specialist Services ◽  
Bacteriological Test ◽  
Health Organization

This paper, based on World Health Organization and Sri Lankan sources, examines the attempts to control tuberculosis in Sri Lanka from independence in 1948. It focuses particularly on the attempt in 1966 to implement a World Health Organization model of community-orientated tuberculosis control that sought to establish a horizontally structured programme through the integration of control into the general health services. The objective was to create a cost- effective method of control that relied on a simple bacteriological test for case finding and for treatment at the nearest health facility that would take case detection and treatment to the rural periphery where specialist services were lacking. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, Sri Lanka had already established a specialist control programme composed of chest clinics, mass X-ray, inpatient and domiciliary treatment, and social assistance for sufferers. This programme had both reduced mortality and enhanced awareness of the disease. This paper exposes the obstacles presented in trying to impose the World Health Organization’s internationally devised model onto the existing structure of tuberculosis control already operating in Sri Lanka. One significant hindrance to the WHO approach was lack of resources but, equally important, was the existing medical culture that militated against its acceptance.

Telemedicine, the European Space Agency, and the Support to the African Population for Infectious Disease Problems

2013 ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Parentela ◽  
Pierluigi Mancini ◽  
Franco Naccarella ◽  
Zhang Feng ◽  
Giovanni Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Satellite Communications ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
World Health ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Health Organization

Telemedicine and the broader field of eHealth as the application of Information and Communication Technology in the health sector offer opportunities for improving health world-wide. The European Space Agency (ESA) is, since 1996, active in this field and has initiated various projects which have demonstrated that satellite communications is a powerful technology for enlarging the reach of Telemedicine services toward geographically isolated regions, especially those with a high burden of diseases, such as many areas in Sub-Saharan Africa. In 2006 the Telemedicine Task Force (TTF) with the mandate to explore the potential of Telemedicine via Satellite for this region has been established on initiative of ESA and the European Commission, with representatives of African stakeholders and the World Health Organization (WHO). After a review of the current situation, the TTF has recommended short-term pilot projects to demonstrate the feasibility of an approach based on user demands, public private partnerships, African ownership, and building on existing successful initiatives. These projects shall begin in 2008, serving selected isolated areas in Sub-Saharan Africa by offering clinical services and eLearning via satellite for infectious diseases, in particular HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria. The projects should and will be presented in China for finding bilateral cooperation between Italian and Chinese Civilian and Military technologies and opportunities present already in the field.

scholarly journals Training on the management of depression in primary care in Azerbaijan

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-45
Author(s):  
Fuad Ismayilov ◽  
Sevil Asadova
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
State Institute ◽  
The World ◽  
Primary Care Doctors ◽  
Health Organization

In 2006, the Azerbaijan Ministry of Health and the World Bank launched the 6-year Health Sector Reform Project (HSRP). The principal goal of the Project is to prepare and implement a fundamental and comprehensive reform of the health system in Azerbaijan, including a major emphasis on strengthening the primary care system (Ministry of Health Project Implementation Unit, 2007). The project envisions the development of a new optimised system of services, with the integration of mental health into general healthcare. In the line of this process, the Public Health and Reform Centre (PHRC) of the Ministry of Health has developed evidence-based clinical practice guidelines on depression, for implementation within primary care (Ministry of Health, 2009). At the same time, representatives from the PHRC and the Departments of Psychiatry and Family Medicine of Azerbaijan Medical University, as well as the State Institute for Advanced Training of Physicians (in cooperation with the World Health Organization Country Office), formed a task force to carry out a survey to assess the need for education in mental health for primary care doctors. A total of 308 primary care doctors (see Table 1) working in 14 settings in different regions of the country were randomly selected and interviewed by the research team.

scholarly journals Overweight and obesity of children in a brazilian elementary school: a comparison of three references

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Marcella Evangelista Melo ◽  
Giovanna Lima Miguéis ◽  
Mikaela Silva Almeida ◽  
Tatiane Dalamaria ◽  
Wagner De Jesus Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
International Obesity Task Force ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: In the diagnosis of overweight and obesity based on body mass index in children and adolescents, several national and international anthropometric references are recommended. However, there is a divergence in the estimated prevalence of overweight and obesity among the references. Objective: To identify the prevalence of overweight and obesity and to analyse the magnitude of agreement among the three references. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 975 students from the early grades of elementary school. The prevalence of overweight and obesity were estimated according to the criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO), the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) and Conde and Monteiro. The Kappa weighted index was calculated to assess the agreement magnitude among the three references. Results: The highest prevalence of overweight and obesity was estimated by the Conde and Monteiro and WHO references, respectively. Overall, the IOTF revealed lower a magnitude of prevalence than the two other references. The agreement among the references identified by the Kappa index had a range of 0.66 to 0.94. Conclusion: Despite the satisfactory agreement among the three references, this research highlighted the differing magnitudes of the prevalence of overweight and obesity. This fact limits the ability to make comparisons among populations and impairs the development of overweight and obesity prevention actions.

scholarly journals Women and HIV/AIDS

1970 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Randa Abul-Husn
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
First Case ◽  
The World ◽  
Aids Related Complex ◽  
Women And Hiv ◽  
Health Organization

The first case of AIDS was reported in Lebanon in 1988. As of July 1994, 2,402 cases of AIDS, 398 ARC (AIDS Related Complex), and 8,423 HN positive cases were reported in the region of the Middle East. The disease is heavily underreported and under-estimated, according to the National AIDS Control Programme in Lebanon. The NACP was established in 1989 by the World Health Organization and the Lebanese Ministry of Health.

scholarly journals Analysing Tuberculosis Trends in South Asia

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 5245
Author(s):  
Kumar Abhishek ◽  
M. P Singh ◽  
Md. Sadik Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
World Health ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variations ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Relationship

<p>Tuberculosis (TB) has been one of the top ten causes of death in the world. As per the World Health Organization (WHO) around 1.8 million people have died due to tuberculosis in 2015. This paper aims to investigate the spatial and temporal variations in TB incident in South Asia (India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Maldives, Nepal, and Sri-Lanka). Asia had been counted for the largest number of new TB cases in 2015. The paper underlines and relates the relationship between various features like gender, age, location, occurrence, and mortality due to TB in these countries for the period 1993-2012.</p>

Rebuilding Post-Pandemic Societies: Editorial Section

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dadan Sumardani
Keyword(s):  
Health Sector ◽  
Active Role ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Scientific Conference ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Event Series ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Joint Event

INDONESIAN SCHOLARS SCIENTIFIC SUMMIT (I3S) 2021 & OISAA ASIA-OCEANIA SYMPOSIUM 2021 DefinitionIndonesian Scholars Scientific Summit (I3S) 2021 is a scientific conference involving Indonesian scholars who currently work or study in Taiwan and outside of Taiwan, such as Indonesia and other countries.  This event is conducted by Perhimpunan Pelajar Indonesia (PPI) Taiwan, which is the Overseas Indonesian Student’s Association Alliance in Taiwan, in collaboration with Perhimpunan Pelajar Indonesia Dunia Kawasan (PPIDK) Asia-Oceania or the Overseas Indonesian Student’s Association Alliance for Asia-Oceania Region, who have their annual symposium in 2021. These two associations are referred to as PPI Taiwan and OISAA Asia-Oceania, throughout this conference.  The joint event of I3S 2021 and the OISAA Asia-Oceania Symposium 2021 is scheduled to be conducted on June 21-27, 2021 and being hosted by PPI Taiwan. The main event is taking place on June 25-27, 2021 which is prompted by four days of pre-event series on June 21-23, 2021. BackgroundDated back on December 31, 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) received a notification of pneumonia disease, whose source was unidentified, in Wuhan, China. Then, the disease which was caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus was referred by WHO as COVID-19. The COVID-19 was designated by WHO as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Furthermore, by January 29, 2021, as many as 102.6 million cases of COVID-19 worldwide with more than 2.2 million deaths have been reported by WHO. Globally, five countries experiencing the highest number of COVID-19 positive cases are the United States, India, Brazil, Russia and Great Britain. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused not only casualties but also opens up opportunities, among others are in the fields of technology, education and health. In the field of technology, we can observe the increasing use of technology for distance or remote education and the utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in various fields including health. In the health sector, technology related to telemedicine and vaccines has also begun to develop. There has also been an expectation that within the post- COVID-19 period, the novel ideas keep developing, and Indonesia can take an active role in developing this. Regarding the aforementioned situation, the establishment of the 2021 Indonesian Scholar Scientific Summit (I3S 2021) is expected to serve as a scientific forum for exchanging ideas among scientists, students and industry practitioners in all relevant fields in order to generate innovative ideas that can be developed in the post-COVID-19 pandemic situation. Objectives To promote the development of scientific ideas from and among the participants and speakers. To disseminate new knowledge to the participants, committees, and speakers. To establish a network among the participants, committees, and speakers. To increase awareness on current issues related to the conference’s theme.

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