scholarly journals What makes a ‘successful’ collaborative research project between public health practitioners and academics? A mixed-methods review of funding applications submitted to a local intervention evaluation scheme

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter van der Graaf ◽  
Lindsay Blank ◽  
Eleanor Holding ◽  
Elizabeth Goyder
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Evaluation Scheme ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

Abstract Background The national Public Health Practice Evaluation Scheme (PHPES) is a response-mode funded evaluation programme operated by the National Institute for Health Research School for Public Health Research (NIHR SPHR). The scheme enables public health professionals to work in partnership with SPHR researchers to conduct rigorous evaluations of their interventions. Our evaluation reviewed the learning from the first five years of PHPES (2013–2017) and how this was used to implement a revised scheme within the School. Methods We conducted a rapid review of applications and reports from 81 PHPES projects and sampled eight projects (including unfunded) to interview one researcher and one practitioner involved in each sampled project (n = 16) in order to identify factors that influence success of applications and effective delivery and dissemination of evaluations. Findings from the review and interviews were tested in an online survey with practitioners (applicants), researchers (principal investigators [PIs]) and PHPES panel members (n = 19) to explore the relative importance of these factors. Findings from the survey were synthesised and discussed for implications at a national workshop with wider stakeholders, including public members (n = 20). Results Strengths: PHPES provides much needed resources for evaluation which often are not available locally, and produces useful evidence to understand where a programme is not delivering, which can be used to formatively develop interventions. Weaknesses: Objectives of PHPES were too narrowly focused on (cost-)effectiveness of interventions, while practitioners also valued implementation studies and process evaluations. Opportunities: PHPES provided opportunities for novel/promising but less developed ideas. More funded time to develop a protocol and ensure feasibility of the intervention prior to application could increase intervention delivery success rates. Threats: There can be tensions between researchers and practitioners, for example, on the need to show the 'success’ of the intervention, on the use of existing research evidence, and the importance of generalisability of findings and of generating peer-reviewed publications. Conclusions The success of collaborative research projects between public health practitioners (PHP) and researchers can be improved by funders being mindful of tensions related to (1) the scope of collaborations, (2) local versus national impact, and (3) increasing inequalities in access to funding. Our study and comparisons with related funding schemes demonstrate how these tensions can be successfully resolved.

scholarly journals Novel Tools Supporting Knowledge Translation for Public Health Practice in British Columbia, Canada

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Stares ◽  
Jenny Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Health Practice ◽  
Notifiable Diseases ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

ABSTRACT ObjectivesUnderlying the delivery of services by the universal Canadian health care system are a number of rich secondary administrative health data sets which contain information on persons who are registered for care and details on their contacts with the system. These datasets are powerful sources of information for investigation of non-notifiable diseases and as an adjunct to traditional communicable disease surveillance. However, there are gaps between public health practitioners, access to these data, and access to experts in the use of these secondary data. The data linkage requires in-depth knowledge of these data including usages, limitations and data quality issues and also the skills to extract data to support secondary usage. OLAP reports have been developed to support operation needs but not on advanced analytics reports for surveillance and cohort study. To fill these gaps, we developed a set of web-based modular, parameterized, extraction and reporting tools for the purpose of: 1) decreasing the time and resources necessary to fill general secondary data requests for public health audiences; 2) quickly providing information from descriptive analysis of secondary data to public health practitioners; 3) informing the development of data feeds for continued enhanced surveillance or further data access requests; 4) assisting in preliminary stages of epidemiological investigations of non-notifiable diseases; and, 5) facilitating access to information from secondary data for evidence-based decision making in public health. ApproachWe intend to present these tools by case study of their application to small area analysis of secondary data in the context of air quality concerns. Data sources include individuals registered for health care coverage in BC, hospital separations, physician consultations, chronic disease registries, and drugs dispensation. Data sets contain complete information from 1992. Data were extracted and analyzed to describe the occurrence of health service utilization for cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity. Analysis was undertaken for BC residents in areas identified by local public health as priorities for monitoring. Health outcomes were directly standardized by age and compared to provincial trends by use of the comparative morbidity figure. ResultsResults will include descriptive epidemiological analysis of secondary data relating to respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity in the context of air quality concerns, summary of next steps, as well as an assessment of tool performance. ConclusionsWhere adopted tools such as these can make information from secondary data more accessible to support public health practice, particularly in regions with low analytical or epidemiological capacity.

Aligning Public Health Training and Practice in Evaluation: Implications and Recommendations for Educators

2021 ◽  
pp. 237337992110336
Author(s):  
Bree L. Hemingway ◽  
Sarah Douville ◽  
Leslie A. Fierro
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Community Practice ◽  
Public Health Training ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Centers For Disease Control ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

Objective. This study aimed to understand the extent to which master of public health (MPH) graduates engage in evaluation on the job, to learn how MPH graduates implement evaluation, and to hear from MPH graduates about how their academic training prepared them for the evaluation work they perform. Methods. Using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Evaluation Framework, this convergent mixed-methods study included an online survey with 89 public health practitioners and follow-up interviews with 17 survey respondents. The study was performed in the United States during summer 2020. Results. In addition to participating in evaluation activities related to all six Centers for Disease Control and Prevention framework steps, MPH graduates engage in evaluation capacity building, evaluating for health equity and social justice, and funding activities. Participants noted a disconnect between academic preparation and community practice, were least confident in focusing the evaluation design, and most often used surveys to collect data. Conclusions. Public health practitioners commonly engage in evaluation activities but do not feel fully prepared to do so given their MPH training. Many opportunities exist to enhance graduate/postgraduate training through connecting public health with the broader professional practice of evaluation.

scholarly journals Improving capacity in ethnicity and health research: report of a tailored programme for NHS Public Health practitioners

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 330-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Salway ◽  
Hilary Piercy ◽  
Punita Chowbey ◽  
Louise Brewins ◽  
Permjeet Dhoot
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

scholarly journals Knowledge brokering on infectious diseases for public health

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-165
Author(s):  
Margaret Haworth-Brockman ◽  
Yoav Keynan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Knowledge Translation ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
Health Practice ◽  
Knowledge Brokering ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

The National Collaborating Centres (NCCs) for Public Health (NCCPH) were established in 2005 as part of the federal government’s commitment to renew and strengthen public health following the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic. They were set up to support knowledge translation for more timely use of scientific research and other knowledges in public health practice, programs and policies in Canada. Six centres comprise the NCCPH, including the National Collaborating Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCCID). The NCCID works with public health practitioners to find, understand and use research and evidence on infectious diseases and related determinants of health. The NCCID has a mandate to forge connections between those who generate and those who use infectious diseases knowledge. As the first article in a series on the NCCPH, we describe our role in knowledge brokering and the numerous methods and products that we have developed. In addition, we illustrate how NCCID has been able to work with public health to generate and share knowledge during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Attitude towards Orthodontic Treatment among Non-Orthodontic Specialists: An Online Survey in Croatia

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Sandra Brkanović ◽  
Marina Lapter Varga ◽  
Senka Meštrović
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Public Health Practitioners ◽  
The Ideal

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the knowledge and attitudes towards orthodontic treatment among non-orthodontic specialists. Methods: A web-based survey was formulated for non-orthodontic dental specialists to respond to statements regarding an orthodontic treatment. It contained 20 multiple-choice questions with three or more possible answers. Two hundred and fifty questionnaires were sent via email, with explanatory letters, to randomly selected non-orthodontic Croatian dental specialists. Data were assessed using IBAM SPSS 23.0. and p < 0.01 was considered significant. Results: The results indicate that the majority of respondents were well informed about principles and practices in orthodontics. All the respondents (100%) were aware that malocclusions can affect a patient’s facial aesthetic and masticatory function. The results also showed statistically significant differences in answers about contraindications for orthodontics therapy among different non-orthodontic specialists (p < 0.01). Private health practitioners were better informed about the ideal time for the first orthodontic appointment (74.2%) and that implants and periodontal problems are not contraindications for orthodontic treatment (over 70%), in comparison with public health practitioners. Conclusion: Non-orthodontic specialists in this sample exhibit encouraging awareness and knowledge of the principals and practices of orthodontic treatment. Additional improving of practitioners’ knowledge and awareness can help patients with malocclusion to decide upon orthodontic treatment at earlier stages and avoid later complications in the future.

Glossary of health equity in the context of environmental public health practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 806-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Rideout ◽  
Dianne Oickle
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Equity ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Inequities ◽  
Environmental Public Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Canadian Context ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

Health equity is increasingly present as an overarching goal in public health policy frameworks across the globe. Public health actions to support health equity are challenging because solutions to the root causes of health inequities often lie outside of the health sector, and a specific role for environmental public health practitioners has not been clearly articulated. The regulatory nature of the environmental public health profession means that their role is particularly ambiguous. Still, environmental public health practitioners are well situated to identify and respond to factors that contribute to health inequities because of their role as front-line professionals who interact with a wide cross-sector of the population. This Glossary, rooted primarily in the Canadian context but drawing on lessons from elsewhere, describes environmental public health regulatory practice in relation to health equity, including approaches that practitioners can use to contribute to addressing the social determinants of health.

Collective Healing: A Framework for Building Transformative Collaborations in Public Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483992110326
Author(s):  
Emily S. Cowan ◽  
LeConté J. Dill ◽  
Shavaun Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Jim Crow ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
Relationship Building ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Public Health Practitioners ◽  
Collaborative Efforts

The capacity of cross-sector collaboration to create meaningful change across social–ecological levels has long been understood in public health. But the ability of cross-sector collaboration to achieve systemic change around the structural determinants of health remains complicated. In 2021, now more than ever, we understand the imperative of strengthening the capacity of collaborative efforts to address the myriad structural health crises facing our communities, from police violence and mass incarceration to Jim Crow laws and redlining, to urban renewal and environmental injustice. Our proposed collective healing framework brings together the collective impact model and radical healing framework to offer a blueprint for cross-sector collaboration that understands the practices of healing to be at the center of public health collaborations and public health practice at large. In this framework, public health practitioners and our collaborators are asked to prioritize relationship building, engage in critical self-reflection, to move beyond compromise, to address differences, to interrogate traditional metrics and approaches, to remake the collective table, and to build shared understanding through action.

Framework for Physical Activity as a Complex and Multidimensional Behavior

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (s1) ◽  
pp. S11-S18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelley K. Pettee Gabriel ◽  
James R. Morrow ◽  
Anne-Lorraine T. Woolsey
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Instrument Selection ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

Context:The selection of the most psychometrically appropriate self-report tool(s) to measure specific physical activity constructs has been a challenge for researchers, public health practitioners, and clinicians, alike. The lack of a reasonable gold standard measure and inconsistent use of established and evolving terminology have contributed to these challenges. The variation of self-report measures and quality of the derived summary estimates could be attributed to the absence of a standardized conceptual framework for physical activity.Objective:To present a conceptual framework for physical activity as a complex and multidimensional behavior that differentiates behavioral and physiological constructs of human movement.Process:The development of a conceptual framework can provide the basic foundation from which to standardize definitions, guide design and development of self-report measures, and provide consistency during instrument selection.Conclusions:Based on our proposed conceptual framework for physical activity, we suggest that physical activity is more clearly defined as the behavior that involves human movement, resulting in physiological attributes including increased energy expenditure and improved physical fitness. Utilization of the proposed conceptual framework can result in better instrument choices and consistency in methods used to assess physical activity and sedentary behaviors across research and public health practice.

scholarly journals Assessing Laws and Legal Authorities for Public Health Emergency Legal Preparedness

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (S1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Kamoie ◽  
Robert M. Pestronk ◽  
Peter Baldridge ◽  
David Fidler ◽  
Leah Devlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Practice ◽  
Public Health Agencies ◽  
State Constitutions ◽  
Public Health Infrastructure ◽  
Health Agencies ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

Public health legal preparedness begins with effective legal authorities, and law provides a key foundation for public health practice in the United States. Laws not only create public health agencies and fund them, but also authorize and impose duties upon government to protect the public's health while preserving individual liberties. As a result, law is an essential tool in public health practice and is one element of public health infrastructure, as it defines the systems and relationships within which public health practitioners operate.For purposes of this paper, law can be defined as a rule of conduct derived from federal or state constitutions, statutes, local laws, judicial opinions, administrative rules and regulations, international codes, or other pronouncements by entities authorized to prescribe conduct in a legally binding manner. Public health legal preparedness, a subset of public health preparedness, is defined as attainment of legal benchmarks within a public health system.

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