scholarly journals Reducing fatigue in pediatric rheumatic conditions: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kant-Smits ◽  
M. Van Brussel ◽  
S. Nijhof ◽  
J. Van der Net
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Exercise Therapy ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Transition Program ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Rheumatic Conditions

Abstract Background Although fatigue is a prevalent distressing symptom in children and adolescents with Pediatric Rheumatic Conditions (PRCs), intervention studies designed for reducing fatigue in PRCs are limited. Aim To systematically review evidence regarding the efficacy of interventions intended to reduce fatigue in patients with PRCs. Methods Comprehensive electronic searches were performed in PubMed/ MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and Cinahl. The risk of bias was assessed using the ‘Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials’ and ‘Quality Assessment Tool for Before-After Studies With No Control Group’ for respectively studies with and without a control group. Results Ten out of 418 studies were included with a total of 240 participants (age range 5–23 years). Interventions included land-based and aquatic-based exercise therapy, prednisolone, vitamin-D and creatine supplementation, psychological therapy and a transition program into an adult rheumatology program. Fatigue was assessed with self-reported questionnaires in all included studies. Land-based exercise therapy was effective in one pre-post intervention study, whereas not effective in two randomized controlled trials. Aquatic-based exercise therapy was found more effective than land-based exercise therapy. Two placebo-controlled studies showed a significant positive effect in reducing subjective fatigue with prednisolone and vitamin-D. Creatine was not found effective. Cognitive therapy was effective in one pre-post intervention study, while one RCT did not show an effect in reducing fatigue. A transition program based on health education showed a small reducing effect, however, it was not clear if this was a significant effect. Six studies showed a high risk of bias, three studies a moderate risk, and one study had a low risk of bias. Conclusions Insufficient evidence is provided to substantiate the efficacy of current interventions to reduce fatigue in PRCs. The low number of studies, non-comparable interventions, risk of bias, and inconclusive outcomes of the included studies denote future research should focus on intervention studies aimed at the treatment of fatigue in children and adolescents with PRCs. Identification of possible underlying biological and psychosocial mechanisms as possible treatment targets to reduce complaints of fatigue in children and adolescents with PRCs is warranted.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Supplementation Modestly Reduces Serum Iron Indices of Healthy Arab Adolescents

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Masoud ◽  
Majed Alokail ◽  
Sobhy Yakout ◽  
Malak Khattak ◽  
Marwan AlRehaili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
King Saud University ◽  
Deficiency Type

Vitamin D deficiency has been shown to affect iron status via decreased calcitriol production, translating to decreased erythropoiesis. The present study aimed to determine for the first time whether vitamin D supplementation can affect iron levels among Arab adolescents. A total of 125 out of the initial 200 Saudi adolescents with vitamin D deficiency (serum 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L) were selected from the Vitamin D-School Project of King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Cluster randomization was done in schools, and students received either vitamin D tablets (1000 IU/day) (N = 53, mean age 14.1 ± 1.0 years) or vitamin D-fortified milk (40IU/200mL) (N = 72, mean age 14.8 ± 1.4 years). Both groups received nutritional counseling. Anthropometrics, glucose, lipids, iron indices, and 25(OH)D were measured at baseline and after six months. Within group analysis showed that post-intervention, serum 25(OH)D significantly increased by as much as 50%, and a parallel decrease of −42% (p-values <0.001 and 0.002, respectively) was observed in serum iron in the tablet group. These changes were not observed in the control group. Between-group analysis showed a clinically significant increase in serum 25(OH)D (p = 0.001) and decrease in iron (p < 0.001) in the tablet group. The present findings suggest a possible inhibitory role of vitamin D supplementation in the iron indices of healthy adolescents whose 25(OH)D levels are sub-optimal but not severely deficient, implying that the causal relationship between both micronutrients may be dependent on the severity of deficiency, type of iron disorder, and other vascular conditions that are known to affect hematologic indices. Well-designed, randomized trials are needed to confirm the present findings.

scholarly journals Effect of Maternal Postpartum and Infant Intermittent Vitamin D Supplementation on Infant Vitamin D Status: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Trials (P11-089-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen O'Callaghan ◽  
Mahgol Taghivand ◽  
Anna Zuchniak ◽  
Akpevwe Onoyovwi ◽  
Jill Korsiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Statistical Heterogeneity

Abstract Objectives To determine the response of infant (≤ 1 year) circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) to maternal postpartum or infant intermittent vitamin D supplementation in comparison to current recommendations of direct daily oral infant supplementation (400 IU/d). Methods MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process, Embase, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched up to December 4th 2018. A systematic search of online trial registries for unpublished, ongoing, or planned trials was also completed. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk Assessment Tool. Meta-analysis was limited to trials with a control group of infants receiving 400 IU vitamin D/d. A weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was generated using infant 25(OH)D as a continuous outcome. Random-effects models accounted for within- and between-study variability. Statistical heterogeneity was quantified with the I2 statistic. Results A total of 28 trials were included, representing data from all 6 World Health Organization world regions. Of the 25 trials that specified a calciferol form, the majority (88%) employed vitamin D3. Six trials (21%) had an overall low risk of bias. Six trials qualified for meta-analysis, stratified by maternal (n = 4) and infant (n = 2) administration. Maternal supplementation resulted in a modestly lower infant vitamin D status than daily infant supplementation (WMD =-7.3 nmol/L; 95% CI: -14.0 to -0.6; I2 = 37%, P = 0.17). Comparison of infant intermittent bolus dosing to daily supplementation was limited by a small sample size and substantial heterogeneity, resulting in a wide CI (WMD = 10.2 nmol/L; 95% CI: -42.9 to 63.3; I2 = 96%, P < 0.001). Safety outcomes, including effects on calcium homeostasis, were inconsistently reported. Four ongoing trials were identified as potential contributors to future reviews. Conclusions Evidence to support the use of specific alternative maternal or infant regimens to substitute for current daily infant vitamin D supplementation is weak and inconsistent. Dose-ranging, adequately powered trials are required to establish the efficacy and safety of feasible alternative strategies to prevent infant vitamin D deficiency Funding Sources SickKids C-GCH Growth and Development Fellowship.

189 THE EFFECT OF VITAMIN D SUPPLEMENTATION ON ANTI-MULLERIAN HORMONE LEVELS IN REPRODUCTIVE-AGE WOMEN

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Taheri ◽  
M. Modarres ◽  
A. Abdollahi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
T Test ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Reproductive Age Women

Vitamin D deficiency has been correlated with the infertility and lower clinical pregnancy following IVF. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) plays a key role during follicle development; it has been recognised as a predictor of regular ovulation and probably IVF success. Considering the critical need for experimental human study to investigate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on ovulatory function, the aim of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of the vitamin D supplementation on AMH serum levels among reproductive-age women with vitamin D deficiency. 195 reproductive women (18–35 year-old) with confirmed vitamin D deficiency [serum 25(OH)D <75 nmol L–1] and without diagnosed polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were enrolled to this controlled clinical trial. Participants were randomly assigned to a control group (n = 96) or an intervention group (n = 99). Women in the intervention group used 2000 IU day–1 vitamin D drops for 15 weeks. 19 participants were missed during the follow-up; finally the numbers of women in the intervention and control groups were 91 and 85, respectively. At the beginning of the study and after the intervention, 25-hydroxyvitamin D and AMH serum levels were quantified using enzyme immunoassay (EIA; Immunodiagnostic Systems, Boldon, UK) and ELISA (Beckman-Coulter Inc., Fullerton, CA, USA) methods respectively. The post-intervention AMH measurement was performed after 2–5 weeks in the same day-of-cycle on which basal AMH measurement was done. Paired t-test, independent t-test, and Pearson correlation were used as appropriate and a P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Significantly low AMH levels were seen in the vitamin D deficient women of this study (14.46 ± 11.92 pmol L–1 in control group and 14.09 ± 11.52 pmol L–1 in intervention group). After the intake of vitamin D supplementation in intervention group, AMH levels were increased to 24.89 ± 12.47 pmol L–1, which were significantly different from the 15.43 ± 13.03 pmol L–1 in control group (P < 0.001). Correlation coefficients for AMH with pre-intervention and post-intervention vitamin D were r = 0.489 and r = 0.599 respectively (P < 0.001). Treatment of vitamin D deficiency increases AMH to the optimum levels. Vitamin D deficient women had low levels of AMH. These findings support other studies which found a correlation of poor IVF outcomes with low vitamin D levels. Vitamin D supplementation could be useful in the improvement of controlled ovarian hyper-stimulation/IVF outcomes in case of vitamin D deficiency.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Supplementation during Winter: Effects on Stress Resilience in a Randomized Control Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3258
Author(s):  
Anita L. Hansen ◽  
Gina Ambroziak ◽  
David Thornton ◽  
James C. Mundt ◽  
Rachel E. Kahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Stress ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Stress Resilience ◽  
Psychophysiological Responses ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Vitamin D status may be important for stress resilience. This study investigated the effects of vitamin D supplements during winter on biological markers of stress resilience such as psychophysiological activity, serotonin, and cortisol in a placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. Eighty-six participants were randomly assigned to the Intervention (vitamin D) or Control (placebo) groups. Before and after the intervention participants were exposed to an experimental stress procedure. Psychophysiological activity was measured during three main conditions: baseline, stress, and recovery. Fasting blood samples were taken in the morning and saliva samples were collected at seven different time points across 24 h. Prior to intervention both groups had normal/sufficient vitamin D levels. Both groups showed a normal pattern of psychophysiological responses to the experimental stress procedure (i.e., increased psychophysiological responses from resting baseline to stress-condition, and decreased psychophysiological responses from stress-condition to recovery; all p < 0.009). Post-intervention, the Intervention group showed increased vitamin D levels (p < 0.001) and normal psychophysiological responses to the experimental stress procedure (p < 0.001). Importantly, the Control group demonstrated a classic nadir in vitamin D status post-intervention (spring) (p < 0.001) and did not show normal psychophysiological responses. Thus, physiologically the Control group showed a sustained stress response. No significant effects of vitamin D were found on serotonin and cortisol.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Supplementation is Associated with Increased Glutathione Peroxidase-1 Levels in Arab Adults with Prediabetes

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ghouse Ahmed Ansari ◽  
Shaun Sabico ◽  
Mario Clerici ◽  
Malak Nawaz Khan Khattak ◽  
Kaiser Wani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase 1 ◽  
Reactive Protein

Vitamin D supplementation may be used to lower oxidative stress. This interventional study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) levels and other parameters in Arab adults with prediabetes. A total of 203 Saudi adults with prediabetes and vitamin D deficiency [intervention group, N = 146 (53 males and 93 females); control group, N = 57 (25 males and 32 females)] were included in this non-randomized, six-month intervention study. The intervention group received 50,000 international units (IU) cholecalciferol tablets once a week for two months, then twice a month for the next two months, followed by 1000 IU daily for the last two months. The control group received no supplementation. Serum 25(OH)D, lipid profile, glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP) and GPx1 were measured at baseline and after six months. Post-intervention, GPx1 concentrations increased significantly in the intervention group [17.3 (11.5–59.0) vs 26.7 (11.4–59.9) p < 0.01] while no changes were observed in the control group (p = 0.15). This significant increase in 25(OH)D and GPx1 levels persisted after adjusting for age and BMI. Stratification according to sex revealed that this favourable increase in GPx1 was true only for males (p = 0.002). In all groups, baseline GPx1 was inversely correlated with low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (r = −0.26, p < 0.01) and body mass index (BMI) (r = −0.20, p < 0.05), while positively correlated with age (r = 0.18, p < 0.05) and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.19, p < 0.05). In conclusion, vitamin D supplementation favourably enhanced GPx1 levels in adult Arabs with prediabetes, particularly in males.

scholarly journals Vitamin D levels in children and adolescents with autism

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 030006052093463
Author(s):  
Esma Şengenç ◽  
Ertuğrul Kıykım ◽  
Sema Saltik
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Birth Season ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus

Objective This study aimed to investigate the relationship between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and vitamin D levels in children and adolescents. Methods We measured serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels in 1529 patients with ASD aged 3 to 18 years, without any additional chronic diseases. Levels of 25-OHD were compared according to sex, age (<11 or ≥11 years), and birth season. Additionally, laboratory parameters (calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and 25-OHD) of 100 selected patients with ASD were compared with those of the healthy control group. Results Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency was found in approximately 95% of all patients. Levels of 25-OHD in adolescent patients with ASD aged 11 to 18 years were significantly lower than those in patients aged younger than 11 years. In the 100 selected patients with ASD, mean serum 25-OHD levels were significantly lower and alkaline phosphatase levels were higher compared with those in healthy children. Conclusion Our study suggests a relationship between vitamin D and ASD in children. Monitoring vitamin D levels is crucial in autistic children, especially adolescents, to take protective measures and treat this condition early.

scholarly journals The Short-term Effects of a Sports Stacking Intervention on the Cognitive and Perceptual Motor Functioning In Geriatrics

10.17159/4267 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
R Naidoo
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Retirement Home ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Motor Functioning

Background: Sport stacking has been beneficial in improving reaction time, as well as hand-eye-co-ordination; predominantly in children. Sport stacking intervention studies, although limited, have shown improvements in motor and cognitive functioning in both children and adults, post-intervention. Similar intervention studies on geriatrics are limited. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a sport stacking physical activity intervention on the motor and cognitive functioning of geriatrics. Methods: An intact, convenient sample of 58 geriatrics from a retirement home in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa was selected to participate in this study. All participants performed selected motor and cognitive functioning tests, pre- and post-intervention. Twenty eight participants were exposed to an eight-week intervention while the control group (30 individuals) continued with activities as usual. Results: The intervention group showed improvements in their mean reaction time and plate tapping (hand-eye co-ordination) times. Overall, there were no changes in the balance test results pre- and post-intervention. There were no significant results from the memory and quality of life tests. Conclusions:   A sport stacking activity intervention has the potential to improve motor functioning in geriatrics, and its clinical application is recommended.

scholarly journals Diagnosed Changes of Bone Mineral Density and Level of Calciotropic Hormones in Juvenile Hyperthyroidism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakhlo Muratova
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Calciotropic Hormones

Abstract In childhood and adolescence, a genetically determined bone mass accumulates, which ensures the strength of the skeleton throughout life. But with thyrotoxicosis, a separation of the processes of bone resorption and synthesis and the formation of sites of osteoporosis and osteosclerosis occur, leading to the loss of 10% of bone mass in 1 cycle of remodeling. Because of the lack of information about this phenomenon, our work aimed to study the state of bone mineral density and levels of calciotropic hormones in children and adolescents with thyrotoxicosis. The study was conducted by 19 children and adolescents with thyrotoxicosis. The control group consisted of 23 healthy children and adolescents. All studies were conducted in the RSSPMCE. Thyroid status, PTH and vitamin D were determined using a closed-type immunochemistry analyser Cobas e 411 Hitachi company HoffmanLeRoche (Switzerland) and its reagents. Bone mineral density was evaluated by dual-energy absorptiometry on a Stratos X-ray densitometer from DMS, France. The results of the study showed that the average value of the level of vitamin D in the group with thyrotoxicosis was 12.3 ± 1.1 ng/ml, against 20.4 ± 6.2 ng/ml of the control group, while its deficiency was diagnosed in 84.2%, and its insufficiency - in 15.8% of pediatric patients. In the group with thyrotoxicosis, the average level of PTH was lower and amounted to 45.1 ± 23.9 ng/ml (p < 0.05) compared with the control (49.2 ± 21.3 ng/ml); hypoparathyroidism was found in 4.9 times more often than among healthy children, and 21.1% showed an increase in the level of PTH. In children and adolescents with thyrotoxicosis Z- index of the femoral neck, lumbar vertebrae and the general body were significantly lower than in the control group. 36.8% of children with thyrotoxicosis have osteoporosis. Conclusion: Thyrotoxicosis in children and adolescents causes a decrease in BMD and majorly increases the development of osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Supplementation and Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam Abboud
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Quality Of Evidence

Suboptimal vitamin D status is associated with elevated blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents. Whether vitamin D supplementation reduces BP remains unclear. To systematically review whether vitamin D supplementation reduces BP in children and adolescents, we conducted a literature review according to the PRISMA statement. We included vitamin-D supplementation human interventions studies that reported on BP as an outcome. We searched PUBMED, MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and the clinical trials website. We also hand searched the references of the included articles and previous reviews of vitamin D therapy. No language or time restrictions were applied. We extracted data on population characteristics, baseline and endline vitamin D and BP values, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. We performed a narrative review of the findings, conducted a meta-analysis when possible, and performed sensitivity analyses to test the robustness of our results. We assessed the overall quality of the evidence produced in the meta-analysis. We included eight studies in our review and five studies in the meta-analysis, none of which included hypertensive only participants. The risk of bias was variable. In non-randomized studies, no effect of vitamin D supplementation was seen on systolic BP (SBP) (mean difference: 0.39 (95% confidence interval (CI): −0.9; 1.68) mmHg; p = 0.55; I2 = 0%). Only a significant decrease in diastolic BP (DBP) (mean difference: −1.87 (95% CI: −3.02; −0.72) mmHg; p = 0.001; I2 = 0%) was noted. Both analyses had a low quality of evidence. In randomized controlled trials (RCTs), no effect was noted on SBP (mean difference: −2.04 (95% CI: −5.12; 1.04) mmHg; p = 0.19; I2 = 71%) nor DBP (mean difference: 0.01 (95% CI: −1.09; 1.12) mmHg; p = 0.98; I2 = 0%). The final quality of evidence ranged between low and moderate. Sensitivity analyses did not affect the results. Vitamin D supplementation was found to be ineffective in lowering SBP and DBP in children and adolescents.

scholarly journals The Short-term Effects of a Sports Stacking Intervention on the Cognitive and Perceptual Motor Functioning In Geriatrics

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
R Naidoo ◽  
K Moodley
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Retirement Home ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Motor Functioning

Background: Sport stacking has been beneficial in improving reaction time, as well as hand-eye-co-ordination; predominantly in children. Sport stacking intervention studies, although limited, have shown improvements in motor and cognitive functioning in both children and adults, post-intervention. Similar intervention studies on geriatrics are limited. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a sport stacking physical activity intervention on the motor and cognitive functioning of geriatrics. Methods: An intact, convenient sample of 58 geriatrics from a retirement home in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa was selected to participate in this study. All participants performed selected motor and cognitive functioning tests, pre- and post-intervention. Twenty eight participants were exposed to an eight-week intervention while the control group (30 individuals) continued with activities as usual. Results: The intervention group showed improvements in their mean reaction time and plate tapping (hand-eye co-ordination) times. Overall, there were no changes in the balance test results pre- and post-intervention. There were no significant results from the memory and quality of life tests. Conclusions:   A sport stacking activity intervention has the potential to improve motor functioning in geriatrics, and its clinical application is recommended.

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