scholarly journals Local plant knowledge and its variation among farmer’s families in the Napf region, Switzerland

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Poncet ◽  
Christoph Schunko ◽  
Christian R. Vogl ◽  
Caroline S. Weckerle
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Specialized Knowledge ◽  
Grassland Species ◽  
Plant Knowledge ◽  
Local Plant ◽  
Cultural Domain ◽  
Knowledge Variation

Abstract Background Local plant knowledge typically is unevenly distributed within a community. This knowledge variation is important in understanding people’s relationship with their environment. Here we ask about knowledge variation among farmers’ families in the Napf region of Switzerland. Methods In 2008 and 2009, 60 adults and children living on 14 farms were interviewed about known and used plant species, and the data analyzed for knowledge variation. The farms were chosen by random stratified sampling, and freelisting and semi-structured interviews were conducted individually in the local idiom. The data were organized in an access database and analyzed with descriptive statistics, correlations, Mann–Whitney U tests and cultural domain analysis. Results Totally, 456 folk taxa were listed, whereas frequently listed species are common meadow and forest species. Uses were indicated for 391 taxa, most of them culinary, followed by fodder, wood, medicinal and ornamental uses. Local plant knowledge correlates with age and gender. Due to professional specialization, adults above 20 years have broader plant knowledge than children and adolescents. This is true for almost all examined habitat and plant use categories except for toy uses. Women and men share a common body of plant knowledge especially about herbaceous grassland species and woody species. Specialized knowledge of men is linked to cattle fodder and the processing of wood, specialized knowledge of women concerns edible, medicinal and ornamental plants, often garden species, but also herbaceous forest species. Conclusion In a rural region like the Napf, people retain a solid basis of plant knowledge. The variation of plant knowledge within farmers’ families of this region reflects sociocultural patterns. As these patterns are changing and as (agro)biodiversity is declining, local plant knowledge in the Napf region is suspected to undergo a mainstreaming process.

scholarly journals Slow-release fertilizers and possibilities of their utilizing in nursery

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Petr Salaš
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Berberis Thunbergii ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizers ◽  
Picea Omorika ◽  
One Year ◽  
Two Stages

Reserve, slow-release fertilizers (SRF) enable to simplify the whole system of plant nutrition and fertilisation. Tabletted fertilizers of the Silvamix series represent a prospective product of Czech provenience. At our university, these fertilizers have been tested and used since the year 1991. Ornamental woody species grown in containers were investigated in two stages. Experiments with ornamental plants were established using one-year-old cuttings and seedlings of the following deciduous and evergreen woody species:Cotoneaster dammeri Skogholm,Berberis thunbergii,Potentilla fruticosa Snowflake,Ligustrum vulgare AtrovirensandPicea omorika. After planting into containers, fertilizers in the dose of 1 tablet (i.e. 10 g) per litre of substrate were applied either to roots level or on the soil surface in the container. Silvamix in the dose of 5 g.l-1was used as the tested fertilizer in the second stage. It was applied during the planting in the form of tablets and/or a powder. Control plants were fertilized in the course of growing season using a common agricultural fertilizer Cererit Z. The annual plants increments were measured. These experiments demonstrated a long-term optimum effect of this product on woody species and an equal quality and efficiency of its tabletted and powdered forms.

scholarly journals Synergistic effect of benzolinone with IBA and fungicides on the vegetative propagation of ornamental plants, park, and fruit woody species

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Henselová
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Actinidia Arguta ◽  
Allochthonous Species

  A study was made of the stimulating effect of benzolinone (3-benzyloxycarbonyl-methyl)-2-benzothiazolinone in powder form (P) and its mixture with indole butyric acid (IBA), the biofungicide Supresivit and fungicide Captan 50 WP on the root formation of 17 species of ornamental plants, park and fruit woody species. Under the action of benzolinone, the yield of rooted cuttings in the category of ornamental plants amounted to 44.5% (in the Dianthus sp.) up to 83.7% (in Rosa canina), in the category of park woody species it was from l6.7 (in Magnolia stellata) to 100% (in Forsythia intermedia). In fruit trees represented by two species, viz. Actinidia arguta and cherry rootstocks, the yield was between 20 and 86.7%, and in two allochthonous species Cotoneaster horizontalis and Philadelphus coronarius it was from 96.7 to 100% in rooted cuttings. In the case of herbaceous and semi-lignified cuttings, lower concentrations of benzolinone below 0.1% were more effective, while on the contrary, higher concentrations of 0.1–0.2% proved more effective with lignified cuttings. In the species with difficult root formation, such as Magnolia stellata, Viburnum farreri and Actinidia arguta, benzolinone demonstrably stimulated both the rhizogenesis, and thereby the overall yield of rooted cuttings, and the quality of the root system. In the case of the species with naturally high rooting ability, the positive effect of benzolinone was manifest mainly in the quality of the root system. The synergistic action of the above stimulants on root formation was achieved in two and three-component benzolinone mixtures with IBA and fungicides on the basis of the active ingredients captan and Trichoderma harzianum. The most evident stimulating effects on the rooting of cuttings in Dianthus sp., Ficus schlechteri and the deciduous species Acer saccharinum Pyramidale, Prunus padus Colorata and Prunus kurilensis Brilliant was obtained in three-component mixtures.

scholarly journals Ethnobotanical research in Cava de’ Tirreni area, Southern Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Mautone ◽  
Laura De Martino ◽  
Vincenzo De Feo
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Ethnobotanical Study ◽  
Ethnobotanical Knowledge ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Campania Region ◽  
Plant Knowledge ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Traditional Ethnobotanical Knowledge ◽  
Medicinal Food

Abstract Background To best of our knowledge, this is the first quantitative ethnobotanical study with the aim of documenting the local knowledge and practices of using plants for curing diseases in the Cava de’ Tirreni area, Salerno Province, Campania Region, Italy. The present ethnobotanical field study, carried out during 2016–2017, documents the local uses of 119 plant species for medicinal, food and domestic purposes. Methods Ethnobotanical data were documented from 70 informants: field data were collected and information on the uses of plants was gathered through semi-structured and structured interviews with persons who still retain traditional ethnobotanical knowledge. Documented data were evaluated using the quantitative ethnobotanical index of use value (UV). Results Overall, the informants native of the area were interviewed and 277 use-reports have been recorded. The scientific names, local names, plant part used, preparation and administration processes are reported and compared with practices in other Southern Italian regions. In total, 101 species are documented as medicinal, 36 as food or food aromatizer, 29 for domestic and handicraft uses, 10 in veterinary medicine. More or less 64% of all species have more uses and over half of the food plants (23 species) are also used for medicinal purposes. Conclusions The comparison of the documented species and their uses with ethnobotanical literature of other Italian regions reveals that the traditional plant knowledge in this area shows strong similarities with adjacent Southern Italian areas. Some of the recorded species and administration processes however seem to be unique for the zone.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Traditional Medicinal Plant Knowledge of the Waorani, Ecuador

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Weckmüller ◽  
Carles Barriocanal ◽  
Roser Maneja ◽  
Martí Boada
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
National Park ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Ethnobotanical Knowledge ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Plant Knowledge ◽  
Medicinal Plant Knowledge ◽  
Yasuni National Park

This paper explores how medicinal plant knowledge of the Waorani (Ecuador) varies with socio-economic and demographic factors. Medicinal plant knowledge was compared at individual and community levels. Semi-structured interviews were performed with 56 informants (men N= 29, women N= 27) between 15 and 70 years old in five Waorani communities located within the Yasuní National Park and Waorani Ethnic Reserve. We found a positive correlation between an informant’s medicinal plant knowledge and age, and a negative correlation between informant’s medicinal plant knowledge and the years of schooling. Reasons behind these findings are thought to be in the rapid socio-cultural changes of the Waorani due to globalization processes. Increased accessibility to health centers and improved transportation infrastructure result in a loss of ethnobotanical knowledge.

scholarly journals Recent changes in the frequency of plant species and vegetation types in Scania, S Sweden, compared to changes during the twentieth century

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torbjörn Tyler ◽  
Stefan Andersson ◽  
Lars Fröberg ◽  
Kjell-Arne Olsson ◽  
Åke Svensson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Calcareous Fens ◽  
Grassland Species ◽  
Arable Weeds ◽  
Seminatural Grasslands

AbstractBased on data from three surveys of the vascular flora of the province of Scania, southernmost Sweden, conducted 1938–1971, 1987–2006 and 2008–2015, we analyse the change in frequency of individual species and groups of species associated with particular vegetation types. A majority of all species have experienced a change in frequency since 1938, and this turnover has continued in recent decades. The species showing the most dramatic declines since 1987 represent a mixture of arable weeds, grassland species and ruderals, but excludes forest species. In contrast, a majority of the most increasing species are escapes from cultivation that thrive under shaded conditions. The vegetation types showing the largest decreases since 1987 are all open seminatural grasslands and wetlands, while the vegetation types performing best are wooded. All vegetation types increasing since 1987 also increased during the 1900s; however, species of wooded types performed relatively better in recent decades, as opposed to the minimal increase observed for species of vegetation strongly influenced by human activities. Among decreasing vegetation types, those that have received much attention from conservationists, e.g. sand-steppe and calcareous fens tend to perform relatively better now than during the 1900s, while those that have received less attention, e.g. poor fens, oligotrophic waters and heaths, now comprise the most rapidly declining vegetation types. A majority of the species that decreased 1938–1996 also decreased 1987–2015, but, in general, species shown to have increased during the 1900s have not continued to increase.

scholarly journals Ethnobotanical knowledge of medicinal values of Loranthaceae used to treat human diseases by local ethnic Agni Sanwi from Aboisso and Maferé in Côte d'Ivoire

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 039-050
Author(s):  
Amon Anoh Denis-Esdras ◽  
Ahoulou Assoum Stanislas ◽  
Achah Jacques Auguste Alfred Bognan ◽  
Sebe Fiba Doriane ◽  
Soro Dodiomon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Ethnobotanical Knowledge ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Informant Agreement ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Côte D'ivoire

Loranthaceae are hemiparasitic vascular plants that develop on other woody species. They are used in traditional medicine to treat various pathologies. The present study is a contribution to the knowledge of the medicinal potential of Loranthaceae used in care by Agni Sanwi of Aboisso and Maferé, in the South-East of Côte d'Ivoire. Ethnobotanical surveys were conducted with 50 herbalists and 17 traditional healers using semi-structured interviews. Three (3) species (Globimetula braunii, Phragmanthera capitata and Tapinanthus bangwensis) divided into 3 genera used to treat 35 diseases were identified. They have been cited in the formulation of several remedies. Malaria, typhoid fever, diarrhea and fontanelle were the most commonly reported conditions. Leaves and leafy twigs are the main organs used. The decoction has been predominant in the acquisition of remedies. The drink was the most cited as a method of administering treatments. The Frequency of Citations (FC) of the Loranthaceae employed in the care and medicinal Informant Agreement Ratio (med.IARs) of the respondents were determined. T. bangwensis had the highest FC (95.52%) and med.IARs (0.73). The therapeutic potentials of Loranthaceae have been highlighted and deserve to be popularized through complementary phytochemical investigations.

scholarly journals Traditional medicinal knowledge and practices among the tribal communities of Thakht-e-Sulaiman Hills, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Ahmad ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmad ◽  
Franz K. Huber ◽  
Caroline S. Weckerle
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Materia Medica ◽  
Plant Knowledge ◽  
Local Practices ◽  
Western Border

Abstract Background Little is known about the medical material and practices of tribes in the western border areas of Pakistan. The local population has inhabited this remote and isolated area for centuries, and gained medicinal knowledge with personal experiences and knowledge learned from forefathers. Due to the geographical isolation of the communities in the Sulaiman hills of Pakistan and their unique culture, the area is of importance for exploration and assessment. Methods A total of 116 informants were interviewed in five foothill villages and the associated migratory mountain villages during 2010–2012 and 2015. Information was gathered mainly through semi-structured interviews and freelisting. Local diseases were categorized based on symptoms and affected organs. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results Depending on the type of illness, typically a pulse diagnoser or a religious specialist is consulted. Medicinal plant knowledge and use is mostly known and advised by elders within the family. A total of 44 plant species from 32 families (588 use reports), 7 animal species and 6 minerals and other sources (384 use reports) were documented as materia medica. Among the plants, the Lamiaceae is the most dominantly used plant family, followed by Pinaceae. The most frequently reported single species was Teucrium stocksianum. The most often mentioned diseases and treatments fall into the categories of gastrointestinal, ritual, and musculoskeletal diseases. The use of goat and sheep skin as medicine was pivotal in the local medicinal system. Remedies from animal parts and other biological and non-biological sources were mainly used for musculoskeletal ailments and ritual treatments. Overall, people rely on both traditional and biomedical medication and treatments and combination of these systems. Conclusion This paper provides insight into the pluralistic medication system of rural communities of northwest Pakistan. It highlights the materia medica most commonly in use. A considerable part of the documented materia medica and local practices is part of an oral tradition and cannot be found in written sources or scientific articles. The gaining of new medicinal knowledge in the area was the good sign of continuation of traditional medicinal practices.

scholarly journals Species composition and plant use in old urban homegardens in Rio Claro, Southeast of Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1057-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayra Teruya Eichemberg ◽  
Maria Christina de Mello Amorozo ◽  
Leila Cunha de Moura
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Home Gardens ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Plant Use ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Trees And Shrubs ◽  
Vegetal Species ◽  
High Diversity

This study, based on the ethnobotanical approach, looked for to characterize the ancient urban home gardens in Rio Claro, municipality located in the Southeast of Brazil, carrying out a survey of the wealth of vegetal species and their uses, in 17 households selected randomly. The data had been collected by means of semistructured and structured interviews and by the gathering of plants. It was verified a total of 410 species, distributed in 97 botanical families, evidencing a high diversity of ligneous species, such as trees and shrubs (H' = 1,66 and J = 0.86). There were surveyed 257 species for ornamental use, as well as 98 for alimentary and 93 for medicinal uses. Considering the great number of species found for the main categories of use, it can be inferred that the home gardens play important functions for the interviewed families, contributing for the food and medicine production destined for the consumption by the families themselves, and also playing an important esthetic function thanks to the variety of their ornamental plants. The wealth of these home gardens may be related to the rural origin and to the culture of the owners, who still keep a cultivation tradition. It was found that the products obtained from the home gardens contributed for the diet's variety of the informants, representing a promising potential for the improvement of the population alimentation.

An Ethnobotanical Study on Chuangqing People of China based on the Herbal Market Survey on Dragon Boat Festival

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
qinghe wang ◽  
Ling Zhao ◽  
Chi Gao ◽  
LianYing Zhang ◽  
JinFeng Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Ethnobotanical Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Plant Knowledge ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant Knowledge ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Dragon Boat

Abstract Background: Chuanqing People is one of the unrecognized ethnic groups in China, having unique cultural backgrounds and rich knowledge of traditional medicinal plants. The herbal market on Dragon Boat Festival plays an important role in inheriting the traditional medicinal knowledge of Chuanqing People. The aim of this study was to record the characteristics, current situation, and problems of medicinal plant usages of the Chuanqing People of China, to serve for the inheritance of traditional knowledge and the protection of biodiversity. Methods: The information was collected through key informant interviews, semi-structured interviews, and taxonomy identification; and then, results were compared with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and other ethnic medicines of Guizhou Province. Data were analyzed with Use Value (UV) and CI value. Results: A total of 102 species from 53 families and 92 genera were recorded, including Orchidaceae and Asparagaceae (6 species respectively), Berberidaceae and Compositae (5 species respectively), Apocynaceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, and Polygonaceae (4 species respectively) as predominate families. Moreover, 71 investigated human ailments were grouped into 12 categories. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (34 mentions) were the most frequently mentioned in our study. The most frequently used species was Hedera nepalensis var. sinensis (Tobler) Rehder (UV & CI=0.288). Conclusion: The traditional herbal market during the Dragon Boat Festival is a hotspot of traditional medicinal plant knowledge of local people. However, urbanization threatens the inheritance of the local medicinal plant knowledge. The study highlights the traditional medicinal knowledge of Chuanqing People, which provides basic data for further research on botanical and conservation.

scholarly journals Explaining, Cultural, Educational and Social Needs of Faculty Members of Farhangiyan University

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Batool Basiry ◽  
Ahmadreza Nasr ◽  
Seyed Ebrahim Mirshahjafari ◽  
Mahmood Mehrmohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Educational Needs ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Cultural Domain

<p>The present study is an applied research project and uses a descriptive-analytical survey design. It follows both qualitative and quantitative data collection procedures. The statistical population of the qualitative section consists of 19 Iranian education experts who are selected via targeted random sampling. And the statistical population of the quantitative section consists of all full-time instructors and faculty members of Farhangian University in six provinces of Iran (n=181), of whom 150 are selected via random sampling.<strong> </strong>Data are collected through semi-structured interviews and researcher-made questionnaires. To determine the validity of interviews and questionnaires, we have used confirmatory factor analysis for verifying construct validity and Cronbach’s alpha for estimating questionnaire reliability. Qualitative findings are analyzed based on the spiral of analysis and quantitative data are processed through descriptive and inferential statistics. According to the results of the qualitative section, the most important educational needs of Farhangian University’s faculty members fir into two areas: 1. Religious needs with an emphasis on Islamic education, and 2. ethical, cultural and social needs comprising four domains: 2.1 cultural, 2.2 social, 2.3 ethical, and 2.4 political. The results of the quantitative section also indicate that the educational needs of Farhangian University’s faculty members are higher than average in both areas. The most important need of Farhangian University’s faculty members in the cultural domain is related to the subscale “being aware of the role of university professors in relation to preserving, transferring, reforming, and recreating culture” while their most important need in the theological domain is related to “the ability to use the educational principles and implications of the Quran and Nahjolbalaghe” (Imam Ali’s book of ethical teachings)</p>

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