scholarly journals Incidence and death in 29 cancer groups in 2017 and trend analysis from 1990 to 2017 from the Global Burden of Disease Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Longfei Lin ◽  
Lei Yan ◽  
Yuling Liu ◽  
Fang Yuan ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Disease Study

Abstract Background and aims Cancer has become the second most serious disease threatening human health, followed by cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to quantitatively estimate the mortality, morbidity, and analyze the trends of 29 cancer groups in 195 countries/regions between 1990 and 2017. Methods Detailed information of 29 cancer groups were collected from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study in 2017 and age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) and age-standardized death rates (ASDR) of 29 cancer groups were calculated based on gender, age, region, and country. Trend analyses were conducted for major cancer types. Results In 2017, the global death population caused by cancer reached 9 million, which was nearly twice the number in 1990. The ASDR and ASIR of cancer in males were about 1.5 times those of females. Breast cancer showed the highest mortality rate in females in 2017. Individuals aged over 50 are at high risk of developing cancer and the number of cases and deaths in this age group accounted for more than 80% of all cancers in all age groups. Asia has the heaviest cancer burden due to its large population density. Different cancers in varied countries globally have their own characteristics. The ASDR and ASIR of some major cancers demonstrated changes from 1990 to 2017. Conclusions Analyses of these data provided basis for future investigations to the common etiological factors, leading to the occurrence of different cancers, the development of prevention strategies based on local characteristics, socioeconomic and other conditions, and the formulation of more targeted interventions.

scholarly journals The trends in global, regional, and national incidence of pneumoconiosis caused by different etiologies: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Shi ◽  
Xiaoyue Xing ◽  
Shuhua Xi ◽  
Hongmei Jing ◽  
Jiamei Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Pneumoconiosis has the potential to cause progressive and permanent physical disability. And continues to be one of major public health concern across the world. However, our literature searches identified a scarcity of data about global prevalence of pneumoconiosis. Accurate data on the incidence of pneumoconiosis is critical for health resource planning and health policy development. We therefore aimed to determine the pattern of pneumoconiosis incidence and temporal trends. Methods: Annual incident cases and age standardized incidence rates on pneumoconiosis etiology between 1990-2017 were collected from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. We calculate the average annual percentage changes of age standardized incidence rates by sex, region, and etiology to determine incidence trends of pneumoconiosis. Results: Globally, the number of pneumoconiosis cases increased 66.0% from 36,186 in 1990 to 60,055 in 2017. The overall age standardized incidence rate decreased by an average 0.6% (95% CI: 0.5%, 0.6%) per year in the same period. The age standardized incidence rate of silicosis, asbestosis, and other pneumoconiosis decreased between 1990 and 2017. The corresponding average annual percentage changes were -0.8%, -0.9%, and -0.5%, respectively. The age standardized incidence rate of asbestosis displayed an increasing trend. At the same time, we also found a significant negative association was found between average annual percentage changes and socio-demographic indexs when the socio-demographic index above 0.7. Conclusions: Pneumoconiosis remains a major occupational health illnesses in the world. Incidence patterns of pneumoconiosis caused by different etiologies were heterogeneous across regions and countries. We observed an unfavorable trend that asbestosis was predominant in countries with a high socio-demographic index, though we have attained great achievements in silicosis and coal workers’ pneumoconiosis prevention. The information in this study suggests that some countries should establish more targeted and specific strategies to forestall the increase in pneumoconiosis.

scholarly journals Unintentional injuries in Mexico, 1990–2017: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (Supp 1) ◽  
pp. i154-i161
Author(s):  
Martha Híjar ◽  
Ricardo Pérez-Núñez ◽  
Elisa Hidalgo-Solórzano ◽  
Bernardo Hernández Prado ◽  
Rosario Valdez-Santiago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Unintentional Injury ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Unintentional Injuries ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Injury Burden ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Incident Cases

BackgroundTo date, the burden of injury in Mexico has not been comprehensively assessed using recent advances in population health research, including those in the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (GBD 2017).MethodsWe used GBD 2017 for burden of unintentional injury estimates, including transport injuries, for Mexico and each state in Mexico from 1990 to 2017. We examined subnational variation, age patterns, sex differences and time trends for all injury burden metrics.ResultsUnintentional injury deaths in Mexico decreased from 45 363 deaths (44 662 to 46 038) in 1990 to 42 702 (41 439 to 43 745) in 2017, while age-standardised mortality rates decreased from 65.2 (64.4 to 66.1) in 1990 to 35.1 (34.1 to 36.0) per 100 000 in 2017. In terms of non-fatal outcomes, there were 3 120 211 (2 879 993 to 3 377 945) new injury cases in 1990, which increased to 5 234 214 (4 812 615 to 5 701 669) new cases of injury in 2017. We estimated 2 761 957 (2 676 267 to 2 859 777) disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to injuries in Mexico in 1990 compared with 2 376 952 (2 224 588 to 2 551 004) DALYs in 2017. We found subnational variation in health loss across Mexico’s states, including concentrated burden in Tabasco, Chihuahua and Zacatecas.ConclusionsIn Mexico, from 1990 to 2017, mortality due to unintentional injuries has decreased, while non-fatal incident cases have increased. However, unintentional injuries continue to cause considerable mortality and morbidity, with patterns that vary by state, age, sex and year. Future research should focus on targeted interventions to decrease injury burden in high-risk populations.

Trends in global, regional and national incidence of pneumoconiosis caused by different aetiologies: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 407-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Shi ◽  
Xiaoyue Xing ◽  
Shuhua Xi ◽  
Hongmei Jing ◽  
Jiamei Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Coal Workers Pneumoconiosis ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Incident Cases

ObjectivesPneumoconiosis remains a major global occupational health hazard and illness. Accurate data on the incidence of pneumoconiosis are critical for health resource planning and development of health policy.MethodsWe collected data for the period between 1990 and 2017 on the annual incident cases and the age-standardised incidence rates (ASIR) of pneumoconiosis aetiology from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. We calculated the average annual percentage changes of ASIR by sex, region and aetiology in order to determine the trends of pneumoconiosis.ResultsGlobally, the number of pneumoconiosis cases increased by a measure of 66.0%, from 36 186 in 1990 to 60 055 in 2017. The overall ASIR decreased by an average of 0.6% per year in the same period. The number of pneumoconiosis cases increased across the five sociodemographic index regions, and there was a decrease in the ASIR from 1990 to 2017. The ASIR of silicosis, coal workers’ pneumoconiosis and other pneumoconiosis decreased. In contrast, measures of the ASIR of asbestosis displayed an increasing trend. Patterns of the incidence of pneumoconiosis caused by different aetiologies were found to have been heterogeneous for analyses across regions and among countries.ConclusionIncidence patterns of pneumoconiosis which were caused by different aetiologies varied considerably across regions and countries of the world. The patterns of incidence and temporal trends should facilitate the establishment of more effective and increasingly targeted methods for prevention of pneumoconiosis and reduce associated disease burden.

scholarly journals The burden of diarrhea, etiologies, and risk factors in India from 1990 to 2019: evidence from the global burden of disease study

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar Behera ◽  
Sanghamitra Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccination ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Disease Study

Abstract Background This study aims to measure the burden of diarrhea in India and analyze the trend of mortality associated with it for the past 30 years. We also intend to find the prevailing etiology and risk factors associated with diarrheal mortality in India. Methods The study has used the latest round of Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study-2019. GBD data is available across age groups and gender-wise over the period from 1990 to 2019. The study has identified 13 etiologies for the cause of diarrhea deaths and 20 risk factors to analyze the burden of disease. Results Our study shows, childhood diarrhea has declined over the years significantly, yet contributes to a larger share of DALYs associated with the disease. Among all the death cases of Diarrhea, in 2019, the most prevalent disease-causing pathogen is found to be Campylobacter. But Adenovirus is the major contributor to childhood diarrheal deaths. Though the burden of diarrhea is declining over the period, still there is a need to progress the interventions to prevent and control diarrhea rapidly to avoid the huge number of deaths and disabilities experienced in India. Conclusions Consumption of safe and clean water, proper sanitation facility in every household, required nutrition intake by mother and child, safe breastfeeding and stool disposal practices and careful case management, rotavirus vaccination are some of the effective interventions to be implemented all over the country. Further, evidence-based policies should be made and implemented to sustain diarrhea prevention programs.

scholarly journals Estimating patterns in the under-reporting of suicide deaths in India: comparison of administrative data and Global Burden of Disease Study estimates, 2005–2015

2020 ◽  
pp. jech-2020-215260
Author(s):  
Vikas Arya ◽  
Andrew Page ◽  
Gregory Armstrong ◽  
G Anil Kumar ◽  
Rakhi Dandona
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Rate Ratios

BackgroundIt has been proposed that the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), which reports suicides in India, differentially underenumerates suicides by geographic and demographic factors. We assessed the extent of potential underenumeration by comparing suicides recorded in NCRB data with recent estimates of Indian suicides developed by the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) initiative.MethodsAge-standardised suicide rates were calculated for both data sources by sex, age and state, and rate ratios of NCRB to GBD estimates by corresponding strata were compared to ascertain the relative under-reporting in the NCRB report.ResultsThe GBD Study reported an additional 802 684 deaths by suicide (333 558 male and 469 126 female suicide deaths) compared with the NCRB report between 2005 and 2015. Among males, the average under-reporting was 27% (range 21%–31%) per year, and among females, the average under-reporting was 50% (range 47%–54%) per year. Under-reporting was more evident among younger (15–29 years) and older age groups (≥60 years) compared with middle age groups. Indian states belonging to low Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) generally had greater underenumeration compared with middle and high-SDI states.ConclusionNCRB data under-report suicides in India, and differentially by sex, age and geographic area, possibly because of lack of community-level reporting of suicides due to social stigma and legal consequences. While the recent decriminalisation of suicide is expected to improve community-level reporting of suicides, suicide prevention policies should be developed, with a priority to address social stigma attached with suicide and suicidal behaviour, especially among females.

scholarly journals Global, regional, and national burden of suicide mortality 1990 to 2016: systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

BMJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. l94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Naghavi
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Uncertainty Interval ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Disease Study

Abstract Objectives To use the estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 to describe patterns of suicide mortality globally, regionally, and for 195 countries and territories by age, sex, and Socio-demographic index, and to describe temporal trends between 1990 and 2016. Design Systematic analysis. Main outcome measures Crude and age standardised rates from suicide mortality and years of life lost were compared across regions and countries, and by age, sex, and Socio-demographic index (a composite measure of fertility, income, and education). Results The total number of deaths from suicide increased by 6.7% (95% uncertainty interval 0.4% to 15.6%) globally over the 27 year study period to 817 000 (762 000 to 884 000) deaths in 2016. However, the age standardised mortality rate for suicide decreased by 32.7% (27.2% to 36.6%) worldwide between 1990 and 2016, similar to the decline in the global age standardised mortality rate of 30.6%. Suicide was the leading cause of age standardised years of life lost in the Global Burden of Disease region of high income Asia Pacific and was among the top 10 leading causes in eastern Europe, central Europe, western Europe, central Asia, Australasia, southern Latin America, and high income North America. Rates for men were higher than for women across regions, countries, and age groups, except for the 15 to 19 age group. There was variation in the female to male ratio, with higher ratios at lower levels of Socio-demographic index. Women experienced greater decreases in mortality rates (49.0%, 95% uncertainty interval 42.6% to 54.6%) than men (23.8%, 15.6% to 32.7%). Conclusions Age standardised mortality rates for suicide have greatly reduced since 1990, but suicide remains an important contributor to mortality worldwide. Suicide mortality was variable across locations, between sexes, and between age groups. Suicide prevention strategies can be targeted towards vulnerable populations if they are informed by variations in mortality rates.

scholarly journals Morbidity and mortality from road injuries: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (Supp 1) ◽  
pp. i46-i56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spencer L James ◽  
Lydia R Lucchesi ◽  
Catherine Bisignano ◽  
Chris D Castle ◽  
Zachary V Dingels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Uncertainty Interval ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Road Injury

BackgroundThe global burden of road injuries is known to follow complex geographical, temporal and demographic patterns. While health loss from road injuries is a major topic of global importance, there has been no recent comprehensive assessment that includes estimates for every age group, sex and country over recent years.MethodsWe used results from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 study to report incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability, deaths, years of life lost and disability-adjusted life years for all locations in the GBD 2017 hierarchy from 1990 to 2017 for road injuries. Second, we measured mortality-to-incidence ratios by location. Third, we assessed the distribution of the natures of injury (eg, traumatic brain injury) that result from each road injury.ResultsGlobally, 1 243 068 (95% uncertainty interval 1 191 889 to 1 276 940) people died from road injuries in 2017 out of 54 192 330 (47 381 583 to 61 645 891) new cases of road injuries. Age-standardised incidence rates of road injuries increased between 1990 and 2017, while mortality rates decreased. Regionally, age-standardised mortality rates decreased in all but two regions, South Asia and Southern Latin America, where rates did not change significantly. Nine of 21 GBD regions experienced significant increases in age-standardised incidence rates, while 10 experienced significant decreases and two experienced no significant change.ConclusionsWhile road injury mortality has improved in recent decades, there are worsening rates of incidence and significant geographical heterogeneity. These findings indicate that more research is needed to better understand how road injuries can be prevented.

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