scholarly journals Scapular stabilization exercise based on the type of scapular dyskinesis versus traditional rehabilitation training in the treatment of periarthritis of the shoulder: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Tang ◽  
Kang Chen ◽  
Yuhui Ma ◽  
Lihua Huang ◽  
Juan Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Shoulder Function ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Scapular Dyskinesis ◽  
Rehabilitation Training ◽  
Stabilization Exercise ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Registration Number

Abstract Background Periarthritis of the shoulder is a common disease leading to dysfunction of the shoulder joint and have a significant impact on patients’ daily life. Evidence shows that there is a close relationship between scapular dyskinesis (SD) and shoulder diseases. Scapular stabilization exercise has been proved to be efficacious in relieving pain and improving function. However, there is no targeted exercise based on the type of scapular dyskinesis. This study will investigate the potential of scapular stabilization exercise based on the type of scapular dyskinesis in treating periarthritis of the shoulder. Methods This study is a prospective, randomized controlled, parallel-group trial, intending to recruit 90 patients diagnosed with periarthritis of the shoulder. Patients will receive scapular stabilization exercise training based on the type of scapular dyskinesis or receive traditional rehabilitation training conducted for 30 min, once a day, for 6 weeks. The primary outcome is Constant-Murley score (CMS), and other outcomes include pain degree, range of motion (ROM), type of scapular dyskinesis, scapula position, and patients’ satisfaction with shoulder function. Assessments will be performed at baseline, 2-, 4- and 6-week treatment, and at the 6-week follow-up after the end of treatment. Discussion This study will be the first study to investigate the clinical efficacy of scapular stabilization exercise based on the type of scapular dyskinesis in patients with periarthritis of the shoulder. The results may provide evidence of the effect of targeted scapular stabilization exercise in improving shoulder function and correcting scapular dyskinesis, and provide valuable information for future research. Trial registration This study had been registered in the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry. Registration number: ChiCTR2100044332 at March 14, 2021.

The impact of patient narratives on medical students’ perceptions of shared decision making: A randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Bientzle ◽  
Marie Eggeling ◽  
Simone Korger ◽  
Joachim Kimmerle
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Shared Decision Making ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Shared Decision ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Information Text ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: Successful shared decision making (SDM) in clinical practice requires that future clinicians learn to appreciate the value of patient participation as early as in their medical training. Narratives, such as patient testimonials, have been successfully used to support patients’ decision-making process. Previous research suggests that narratives may also be used for increasing clinicians’ empathy and responsiveness in medical consultations. However, so far, no studies have investigated the benefits of narratives for conveying the relevance of SDM to medical students.METHODS: In this randomized controlled experiment, N = 167 medical students were put into a scenario where they prepared for medical consultation with a patient having Parkinson disease. After receiving general information, participants read either a narrative patient testimonial or a fact-based information text. We measured their perceptions of SDM, their control preferences (i.e., their priorities as to who should make the decision), and the time they intended to spend for the consultation.RESULTS: Participants in the narrative patient testimonial condition referred more strongly to the patient as the one who should make decisions than participants who read the information text. Participants who read the patient narrative also considered SDM in situations with more than one treatment option to be more important than participants in the information text condition. There were no group differences regarding their control preferences. Participants who read the patient testimonial indicated that they would schedule more time for the consultation.CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that narratives can potentially be useful for imparting the relevance of SDM and patient-centered values to medical students. We discuss possible causes of this effect and implications for training and future research.

scholarly journals Manual Therapy in Cervical and Lumbar Radiculopathy: A Systematic Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6176
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kuligowski ◽  
Anna Skrzek ◽  
Błażej Cieślik
Keyword(s):  
Manual Therapy ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Lumbar Radiculopathy ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this study was to describe and update current knowledge of manual therapy accuracy in treating cervical and lumbar radiculopathy, to identify the limitations in current studies, and to suggest areas for future research. The study was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed and Web of Science databases up to April 2020. The following inclusion criteria were used: (1) presence of radiculopathy; (2) treatment defined as manual therapy (i.e., traction, manipulation, mobilization); and (3) publication defined as a Randomized Controlled Trial. The electronic literature search resulted in 473 potentially relevant articles. Finally, 27 articles were accepted: 21 on cervical (CR) and 6 in lumbar radiculopathy (LR). The mean PEDro score for CR was 6.6 (SD 1.3), and for LR 6.7 (SD 1.6). Traction-oriented techniques are the most frequently chosen treatment form for CR and are efficient in reducing pain and improving functional outcomes. In LR, each of the included publications used a different form of manual therapy, which makes it challenging to summarize knowledge in this group. Of included publications, 93% were either of moderate or low quality, which indicates that quality improvement is necessary for this type of research.

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects on Loneliness of a Computer-Tailored Intervention for Older Adults With Chronic Diseases: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 089826432110150
Author(s):  
Janet M. Boekhout ◽  
Esmee Volders ◽  
Catherine A. W. Bolman ◽  
Renate H. M. de Groot ◽  
Lilian Lechner
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Social Loneliness

Objectives: This study explores the effects of the Active Plus intervention aiming to decrease loneliness among older adults (>65 years) with chronic diseases. Methods: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was performed (N = 585; age: M = 74.5 years, SD = 6.4), assessing loneliness at baseline, 6 months and 12 months. Outcome measures in the multilevel linear regression analyses were total, social and emotional loneliness. Results: At 12 months, significant decreases in total ( B = −.37, p = .01) and social loneliness ( B = −.24, p = .02) were found. Age was a significant moderator for total and social loneliness; however, the intervention was effective only for participants aged 80 years and older. Discussion: The Active Plus intervention showed a significant decrease in total and social loneliness and was especially beneficial for the vulnerable age group of 80 years and older. A more comprehensive tool for measuring social activity and mobility impairments, and using a longer time frame to detect loneliness changes, may form interesting future research.

Association between psychomotor disturbance and treatment outcome in psychotic depression: a STOP-PD II report

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Alastair J. Flint ◽  
Kathleen S. Bingham ◽  
Nicholas H. Neufeld ◽  
George S. Alexopoulos ◽  
Benoit H. Mulsant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychotic Depression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Stabilization Phase ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Little is known about the relationship between psychomotor disturbance (PMD) and treatment outcome of psychotic depression. This study examined the association between PMD and subsequent remission and relapse of treated psychotic depression. Methods Two hundred and sixty-nine men and women aged 18–85 years with an episode of psychotic depression were treated with open-label sertraline plus olanzapine for up to 12 weeks. Participants who remained in remission or near-remission following an 8-week stabilization phase were eligible to participate in a 36-week randomized controlled trial (RCT) that compared the efficacy and tolerability of sertraline plus olanzapine (n = 64) with sertraline plus placebo (n = 62). PMD was measured with the psychiatrist-rated sign-based CORE at acute phase baseline and at RCT baseline. Spearman's correlations and logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the association between CORE total score at acute phase baseline and remission/near-remission and CORE total score at RCT baseline and relapse. Results Higher CORE total score at acute phase baseline was associated with lower frequency of remission/near-remission. Higher CORE total score at RCT baseline was associated with higher frequency of relapse, in the RCT sample as a whole, as well as in each of the two randomized groups. Conclusions PMD is associated with poorer outcome of psychotic depression treated with sertraline plus olanzapine. Future research needs to examine the neurobiology of PMD in psychotic depression in relation to treatment outcome.

Randomized controlled trial of vertebroplasty versus kyphoplasty in the treatment of vertebral compression fractures

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 756-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avery J Evans ◽  
Kevin E Kip ◽  
Waleed Brinjikji ◽  
Kennith F Layton ◽  
Mary L Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Vertebral Compression Fractures ◽  
Compression Fractures ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Primary Endpoints ◽  
Average Pain ◽  
Registration Number

BackgroundWe present the results of a randomized controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of vertebroplasty versus kyphoplasty in treating vertebral body compression fractures.MethodsPatients with vertebral body compression fractures were randomly assigned to treatment with kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty. Primary endpoints were pain (0–10 scale) and disability assessed using the Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ). Outcomes were assessed at 3 days, 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year following the procedure.Results115 subjects were enrolled in the trial with 59 (51.3%) randomly assigned to kyphoplasty and 56 (48.7%) assigned to vertebroplasty. Mean (SD) pain scores at baseline, 3 days, 30 days, and 1 year for kyphoplasty versus vertebroplasty were 7.4 (1.9) vs 7.9 (2.0), 4.1 (2.8) vs 3.7 (3.0), 3.4 (2.5) vs 3.6 (2.9), and 3.0 (2.8) vs 2.3 (2.6), respectively (p>0.05 at all time points). Mean (SD) RMDQ scores at baseline, 3 days, 30 days, 180 days, and 1 year were 17.3 (6.6) vs 16.3 (7.4), 11.8 (7.9) vs 10.9 (8.2), 8.6 (7.2) vs 8.8 (8.5), 7.9 (7.4) vs 7.3 (7.7), 7.5 (7.2) vs 6.7 (8.0), respectively (p>0.05 at all time points). For baseline to 12-month assessment in average pain and RMDQ scores, the standardized effect size between kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty was small at −0.36 (95% CI −1.02 to 0.31) and −0.04 (95% CI −1.68 to 1.60), respectively.ConclusionsOur study indicates that vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty appear to be equally effective in substantially reducing pain and disability in patients with vertebral body compression fractures.Trial registration numberNCT00279877.

scholarly journals Azithromycin Reduction to Reach Elimination of Trachoma (ARRET): study protocol for a cluster randomized trial of stopping mass azithromycin distribution for trachoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdou Amza ◽  
Boubacar Kadri ◽  
Beido Nassirou ◽  
Ahmed M. Arzika ◽  
Ariana Austin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cluster Randomized Trial ◽  
World Health ◽  
Baseline Assessment ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends annual mass azithromycin distribution until districts drop below 5% prevalence of trachomatous inflammation—follicular (TF). Districts with very low TF prevalence may have little or no transmission of the ocular strains of Chlamydia trachomatis that cause trachoma, and additional rounds of mass azithromycin distribution may not be useful. Here, we describe the protocol for a randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate whether mass azithromycin distribution can be stopped prior to the current WHO guidelines. Methods The Azithromycin Reduction to Reach Elimination of Trachoma (ARRET) study is a 1:1 community randomized non-inferiority trial designed to evaluate whether mass azithromycin distribution can be stopped in districts with baseline prevalence of TF under 20%. Communities in Maradi, Niger are randomized after baseline assessment either to continued annual mass azithromycin distribution or stopping annual azithromycin distribution over a 3-year period. We will compare the prevalence of ocular C. trachomatis (primary outcome), TF and other clinical signs of trachoma, and serologic markers of trachoma after 3 years. We hypothesize that stopping annual azithromycin distribution will be non-inferior to continued annual azithromycin distributions for all markers of trachoma prevalence and transmission. Discussion The results of this trial are anticipated to provide potentially guideline-changing evidence for when mass azithromycin distributions can be stopped in low TF prevalence areas. Trial registration number This study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04185402). Registered December 4, 2019; prospectively registered pre-results.

scholarly journals Liposomal bupivacaine addition versus standard bupivacaine alone for colorectal surgery: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yar L Yeap ◽  
John Wolfe ◽  
Jennifer Stewart ◽  
Amy McCutchan ◽  
Gulraj Chawla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Colorectal Surgery ◽  
Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Liposomal Bupivacaine ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Quadratus Lumborum ◽  
Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Registration Number

Aim: This study evaluated use of liposomal bupivacaine (LB) versus standard bupivacaine (SB) alone in quadratus lumborum (QL) blocks for laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Materials & methods: In this prospective, randomized controlled trial, patients received QL1 blocks with either LB (40 ml 0.125% SB plus 20 ml of LB) or SB (60 ml of 0.25% SB) with 30 ml per side. Opioid usage, pain scores, side effects and other medications were recorded. Results: For 78 patients (38 LB; 40 SB), all parameters were similar between groups, except that the LB group had a higher 48 h need for metoclopramide. Conclusion: LB provided no analgesic benefit over SB alone for QL blocks. Clinical Trials registration number: NCT03702621

Impact of preprocedure simethicone on adenoma detection rate during colonoscopy: a multicenter, endoscopist-blinded randomized controlled trial

Endoscopy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Bai ◽  
Jun Fang ◽  
Sheng-Bing Zhao ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Yan-Qing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Bowel Preparation ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Adenoma Detection Rate ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Adenoma Detection ◽  
Bowel Cleansing ◽  
Registration Number

Abstract Background and study aims Ideal bowel preparation for colonoscopy requires complete removal of fluid and foam from the colon. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is widely used for bowel preparation, with antifoaming agents such as simethicone commonly used in combination with PEG. Data on the effect of simethicone on the adenoma detection rate (ADR) were limited. This study therefore aimed to investigate whether preprocedure simethicone could increase the ADR. Patients and methods This was a prospective, multicenter, endoscopist-blinded randomized controlled trial involving consecutive patients who underwent colonoscopy in six centers in China. Patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: PEG plus simethicone or PEG alone. The primary outcome was ADR; secondary outcomes were quality of bowel preparation, measured by the Boston bowel preparation scale (BBPS) and bubble scores. Results 583 patients were included. More adenomas were detected in the PEG plus simethicone group than in the PEG alone group (ADR 21.0 % vs. 14.3 %, P = 0.04; advanced ADR 9.0 % vs. 7.0 %, P = 0.38). The mean number of adenomas detected was 2.20 ± 1.36 vs. 1.63 ± 0.89 (P = 0.02). Patients in the PEG plus simethicone group showed better bowel cleansing efficacy: BBPS ≥ 6 in 88.3 % vs. 75.2 % (P < 0.001) and bubble scores of 1.00 ± 1.26 vs. 3.98 ± 2.50 (P < 0.001). Abdominal bloating was reported less frequently in the PEG plus simethicone group (7.8 % vs. 19.7 %, P < 0.001) than in the PEG alone group. Conclusion Combined use of PEG and simethicone is associated with a significantly increased ADR in a Chinese population.Clinical trials registration number: NCT02540239

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