scholarly journals Circulating dengue virus serotypes and vertical transmission in Aedes larvae during outbreak and inter-outbreak seasons in a high dengue risk area of Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandana Wijesinghe ◽  
Jagath Gunatilake ◽  
P. H. D. Kusumawathie ◽  
P. D. N. N. Sirisena ◽  
S. W. P. L. Daulagala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
Denv Serotypes ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Predominant Type ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Spatial and temporal changes in the dengue incidence are associated with multiple factors, such as climate, immunity among a population against dengue viruses (DENV), circulating DENV serotypes and vertical transmission (VT) of DENV in an area at a given time. The level of VT in a specific location has epidemiological implications in terms of viral maintenance in vectors. Identification of the circulating DENV serotypes in both patients and Aedes mosquito larvae in an area may be useful for the early detection of outbreaks. We report here the results of a prospective descriptive study that was conducted to detect the levels of VT in Aedes mosquito larvae and circulating DENV serotypes in patients and Aedes mosquito larvae from December 2015 to March 2017 in an area of Sri Lanka at high risk for dengue. Methods A total of 200 patients with clinically suspected dengue who had been admitted to a tertiary care hospital during a dengue outbreak (3 study periods: December 2015–January 2016, June–August 2016, December 2016–January 2017) and in the inter-outbreak periods (February–May 2016 and September–November 2016) were investigated. Blood samples were drawn from the study participants to test for DENV. The houses of the study participants were visited within 7 days of admission to the hospital, and Aedes larvae were also collected within a radius of 400 m from the houses. The larvae were separately identified to species and then pooled according to each patient’s identification number. Patients’ sera and the Aedes larvae were tested to identify the infecting DENV serotypes using a reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) method. Levels of VT in Aedes mosquito larvae were also identified. Results All four DENV serotypes (DENV-1 to -4) were identified in the study area. In the early part of the study (December 2015–February 2016), DENV-3 was predominant and from April 2016 to March 2017, DENV-2 became the most predominant type. Four cases of DENV co-infections were noted during the study period in patients. Interestingly, all four DENV serotypes were detected in Aedes albopictus larvae, which was the prominent immature vectorial form identified throughout the study period in the area, showing 9.8% VT of DENV. With the exception of DENV-4, the other three DENV serotypes were identified in Aedes aegypti larvae with a VT of 8.1%. Conclusion Comparatively high rates of VT of DENV was detected in Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti larvae. A shift in the predominant DENV serotype with simultaneous circulation of all four DENV serotypes was identified in the study area from December 2015 to March 2017. Graphical Abstract

SURVEY ON PATIENT SATISFACTION AND KNOWLEDGE ON REGIONAL ANAESTHESIA.

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-34
Author(s):  
Sravanthi GNS ◽  
Ravi Madhusudhana
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Regional Anaesthesia ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Health Care Quality Assurance ◽  
Patient’S Satisfaction ◽  
Post Operative Nausea ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Health care quality assurance was gained importance since the 18th century and patient's satisfaction about the surgery and anaesthesia plays an important role in this. And hence proper assessment of the patient satisfaction for the anaesthesia is essential to alter and deliver the needed service. Objective: Toevaluate the patient's satisfaction including pre-op visit, intra-op awareness, post-op pain management and impression on anaesthetic team. Methodology: This was a cross sectional study conducted among 214 patient receiving regional anaesthesia in a tertiary care hospital, Pondicherry. Results: The overall satisfaction about the information about the anaesthesia was seen among 61.7% of the participants. 67.3% and 89.7% of the study participants had overall satisfaction about the pain and post-operative nausea and vomiting therapy. 72% of the study participants were satised with the department and 64.9% would recommend anaesthesia service to others. Conclusion: The satisfaction of the patient plays a pivotal role in the overall quality of health care. The perception of anaesthesia has shown to be poor in studies and hence steps to alleviate such fears should be addressed properly.

SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC AND ANTHROPOMETRIC PROFILE OF DIABETIC PATIENTS ATTENDING IN A DIABETIC CLINIC IN A TERTIARY MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL, WEST BENGAL

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Smarajit Banik ◽  
Sandip Saha ◽  
Sudipan Mitra ◽  
Ujjwal Pattanayak ◽  
Rajib Sikder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Diabetes Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality. With a rise in non communicable diseases in India, diabetes has become a modern epidemic showing a rising trend in West Bengal also. A large number of diabetes patients come to the diabetes clinic of our tertiary care hospital in North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Darjeeling, West Bengal. The large proportion of patients presenting with this condition prompted us to study the Sociodemographic and Anthropometric Prole of such patients. Methods: This was a descriptive hospital based cross sectional study involving a total of 344 diabetic patients enrolled in the diabetes clinic of a tertiary care teaching hospital from December 2019 to February 2020. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data and was analyzed in Microsoft excel sheet and using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: Among the 344 study participants, we found that 220 (63.95%) were males and 124 (36.05%) were females. Diabetes was more common among those aged 51-60 years 108 (31.40%). Family history was present among 188 (54.65%) of the diabetic patients. Almost 160 (46.51%) patients have diabetes 1.1 – 5 years. Hypertension was present among 216 (62.79%) patients. Almost 218 (63.37%) of the patients were overweight and 84 (24.42%) were obese. Conclusions: The diabetic patients presenting to this tertiary care hospital belong lower socioeconomic strata and having limited education in their age group. There is high proportion of obesity and hypertension among them.

scholarly journals Endoscopic evaluation of patients with dyspepsia in a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
R. T. Gamage ◽  
J. R. Wijesekera ◽  
A. L. A. M. C. Ambegoda ◽  
D. T. Wijesinghe ◽  
K. I. Panditharathne
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Endoscopic Evaluation

scholarly journals A study on seroprevalence of HIV among women attending obstetric care in a tertiary care hospital of South India with maternal and perinatal outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2429
Author(s):  
Shruthi M. N. ◽  
Srinivas K. Jois
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
South India ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Obstetric Outcomes ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Co Morbidity

Background: HIV is prevalent in epidemic proportions in India. Identifying the target population and effective intervention reduces chances of vertical transmission and new infection. Authors studied the seroprevalence of HIV among women attending obstetric care in a tertiary care hospital of South India and associated maternal and perinatal outcomes among seropositive women.Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of all women who were screened for HIV at Integrated Counselling and Testing Centre, Vani Vilas hospital, from January 2014 to December 2017 in their antenatal, intranatal and postnatal period. Demographic data of seropositive women, obstetric outcomes and status of children at 18months were obtained.Results: Of the 35,455 women who were screened, 0.28% were found positive for HIV. Percentage prevalence of HIV was highest in 2014 (0.32%). Majority of the seroprevalence belonged to age group of 25-29 years (44%), 32% illiterates, 82% homemakers and 79% belonged to urban areas. Unknown partner status in 22% and majority were diagnosed in antenatal period (66%). Of them 82% had favourable CD4 count. 74 % of them delivered live baby. Three maternal deaths were observed and anaemia (65%) was the major associated co-morbidity. Vaginal route was common mode of delivery (84%). Thirteen babies required NICU admission and 6 neonates deaths were encountered. Exclusive breastfeeding was practised in 91% of live births. 62% of children were found seronegative at 18 months follow up.Conclusions: Authors observed with adequate treatment to mother and prophylaxis to the baby, the burden of vertical transmission can be significantly reduced.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associations of psychoactive substance use among male supportive staff members in a tertiary care hospital of Sri Lanka

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S293-S293
Author(s):  
Chathurie Suraweera ◽  
Iresha Perera ◽  
Priyanka Rupasinghe ◽  
Janith Galhenage
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychoactive Substance Use

AimsThe study describes the prevalence and associated socio-demographic variables of psychoactive substance use among male supportive staff members at a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka.MethodA cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among male supportive staff members of a tertiary care hospital in Colombo District, Sri Lanka by using a self-administered anonymous questionnaire. Participants were recruited using stratified cluster sampling in thirteen overseer divisions of the hospital. Anonymous questionnaires were collected into a sealed box and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences 20.ResultThe mean age of the 404 male staff members who participated in the study was 38.78(SD = 10.90) years and 71.5% were married. Among them 202 (49.1%) were educated up to grade 6-11 and 30 of them has had encounters with law in the past. Thirty of participants had history of psychoactive substance use in the family. Alcohol was used more than once a month by 127(30.9%) and more than once a week by 19(4.6%) individuals. Among other substances, tobacco, beetle and beedi were used by 104(25.3%), 78(19.0%) and 18(4.4%) respectively at least once a month. Further, 22(5.3%), 20(4.8%), 7(1.7%) and 7(1.7%) participants used Mava, Cannabis, Methamphetamine and Thool respectively at least less than once a month. Heroin, Tramadol and Morphine were used by two individuals at least less than once a month. Among substance using participants, 132 wished to cut down their habit. Most commonly identified (14.1%) adverse consequence was financial issues secondary to psychoactive substance use. Eleven (4.5%) staff members used the substance at hospital. Alcohol use was associated with age more than 35 years (p = 0.039) and history of forensic involvement (p = 0.038). Tobacco(p = 0.000), beetle (p = 0.056), Cannabis (p = 0.000) and mava (p = 0.015) use were significantly associated with positive forensic history. Supportive staff members’ alcohol and cannabis use was associated with tobacco (p = 0.000, p = 0.000) and beetle use (p = 0.001, p = 0.049). Mava use was associated with alcohol (p = 0.060) use in addition to tobacco (p = 0.020) and beetle use (p = 0.008).Binomial logistic regression revealed alcohol use and beetle use were associated with the number of children in family and above associations.ConclusionCommonest psychoactive substance consumed by supportive staff members were alcohol, tobacco, beetle, Cannabis and Mava in descending order of frequency. Forensic history was significantly associated with substance use. True prevalence of substance use can be higher than these values.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study of epidemiological determinants correlated with prevalence of hypertension among municipal school teachers located in suburban area

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 385
Author(s):  
Parth H. Vyas ◽  
Kamaxi Bhate ◽  
Mukesh Bawa ◽  
Vikrant Pagar ◽  
Amol Kinge
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Hypertension is a major long-term health condition and is the leading cause of premature deaths among persons experiencing sedentary urban life style behaviors such as high calorie diet, lack of physical exercise and job stress. The objectives of the present study was to determine prevalence & various risk factors of hypertension among municipal school teachers in an urban slum.  Methods:The study area was a field practice area of tertiary care hospital in a metropolitan city. Municipal school teachers from suburban slums were the study participants. Teachers above 35 years of age and want to participate in study were included. The total sample size obtained was 220.Results: 40% of the teachers were belonged to 35-40 years of age group. 70.9% of the study participants were women. Among 220 teachers 36.4% were having normal blood pressure. 43.6% teachers were in the pre- hypertension stage, while 14.5% and 5.5% were in stage- 1 and stage- 2 hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension was 20%. In present study it was found that as the age advances chances of contracting hypertension also increases [P=0.006]. Statistically significant relation between obesity and hypertension is seen [P=0.007]. There was a significant relation between physical activity and prevalence of hypertension [P = 0.021].Conclusions:Increasing age, obesity and sedentary lifestyle are proportionally related to the development of hypertension which was statistically significant. 

scholarly journals Clinical and biochemical profile of obese and overweight children at a Tertiary Care Hospital.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (06) ◽  
pp. 1119-1123
Author(s):  
Asif Ali Khuhro ◽  
Fazal Ur Rehman ◽  
Waqas Ali ◽  
Najmi Usman ◽  
Sanam Bano Rajper
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Biochemical Profile ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Study Participants

Objectives: Childhood and adolescent obesity is increasing especially in developing countries like Pakistan. It seem to affect most socio-economic classes as well as all ethnicities and geographies. We planned this study to analyze the clinical and biochemical profile of obese as well as overweight children at a tertiary care hospital for the existence of metabolic syndrome. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Department of Pediatrics Medicine, Children Hospital Chandka Medical College / Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University, Larkana. Period: 1st July 2018 to 31st December 2018. Material & Methods: Children, aged 5 to 16 years, both gender, having BMI > 85th percentile regarding age and gender were enrolled. Demographic characteristics along with history, lifestyle parameters and physical examination were noted for all the study participants. Metabolic syndrome (Met S) was evaluated while overall results were presented in terms of proportions, mean and standard deviations. Results: A total of 78 cases were enrolled during the study period. There were 46 (58.9%) male and 32 (41.1%) female, with a male to female ratio of 1.4:1. Mean age amongst study participants was 10.8 years. We had 56 (71.8%) children as overweight whereas 22 (28.2%) obese. Acanthosis nigricans was the most common entity seen in 55 (70.1%) children during clinical examination. Metabolic syndrome was found to be present in 31 (39.7%) participants. Conclusion: Met S is not only limited to obese children as it can also affect children who are overweight.

scholarly journals EEG changes and their relationship with intellectual disability in children with autism spectrum disorders in a tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannatara Shefa ◽  
Muzharul Mannan ◽  
Shaheen Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Eeg Abnormalities ◽  
Eeg Recordings ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Medical University

Background: Autism in children is frequently associated with Intellectual disability (ID) and epilepsy. It is known that lower IQinfluences epilepsy rates; however, electroencephalographic (EEG) findings in different grades of intellectual functioning are less well studied. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the EEG findings and their association with the degrees of ID in children with autism. Methods: Fifty-two children, diagnosed with autism according to the DSM-IV-TR criteria, aged between 2 to 12 years, were included in the study. Participants were recruited from outpatient clinic in the Institute for Paediatric Neurodisorder and Autism (IPNA) in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. All of them were subjected to physical and neurological examination. Intelligence quotients (IQ) were measured in all the participants. Psychometric tests Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third edition (BSID III) or Weschler Intelligence Scale for Patients-Revised (WISC-R) were used for evaluating IQ. EEG recordings were done in all the participants. Results: The frequency of EEG abnormalities were observed in 51.9% participants. Among these abnormalities, 36.5% were epileptiform and 15.4% were non-epileptiform. Majority of the focal discharges, in this study were from temporal and frontal ((50% and 40% of focal discharge). Among generalized abnormalities, 89% were symmetrical spike-wave complexes. EEG abnormalities were associated with epilepsy in 66.7% of participants. ID was present in 84.6% and of them, 77% had moderate to severe ID. Mild, moderate or severe ID did not show significant association with EEG abnormalities (p>0.05). However, patients with moderate to severe ID (IQ <50) had a higher rate of EEG abnormalities compared to those without ID or mild ID (81.5% versus 18.5%) (P=0.03). Conclusion: Relatively large number of children with autism and ID had EEG abnormalities and there was a significant association with moderate to severe ID (IQ <50) and EEG abnormalities.

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