Optimising nutrients in the culture medium of Rhodosporidium toruloides enhances lipids production

AbstractRhodosporidium toruloides is a useful oleaginous yeast, but lipids production is affected by various factors including nutrients in the culture medium. Herein, the R-ZL2 high-yield mutant strain was used to investigate the effects of different carbon sources (sucrose, glucose, xylose), nitrogen sources (ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate), and C/N ratio on lipids production capacity, get the following conclusion (1) Compared with glucose and xylose, sucrose was a superior carbon source for lipids production; (2) When using ammonium sulphate as the nitrogen source, a C/N ratio of 200:1 achieved the highest biomass, lipids production and lipids content (10.7 g/L, 6.32 g/L and 59%, respectively), and lipids produced under different C/N conditions have potential for biodiesel production (except for C/N = 40 and C/N = 80); (3) When using ammonium nitrate as the nitrogen source, a C/N ratio of 200:1 achieved the highest biomass, lipids production and lipids content (12.1 g/L, 8.25 g/L and 65%, respectively), and lipids produced under different C/N ratio conditions have potential for biodiesel production. Thus, a combination of sucrose and ammonium nitrate was optimal for the lipid accumulation in R-ZL2. The findings will lay a foundation for further improving lipids yields.

Download Full-text

Optimising Nutrients in the Culture Medium of Rhodosporidium Toruloides Enhances Lipids Production

10.21203/rs.3.rs-864628/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zi Ye ◽

Tongrui Sun ◽

Huoye Hao ◽

Yanling He ◽

Xueyan Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ammonium Nitrate ◽

Nitrogen Source ◽

Ammonium Sulphate ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Production Capacity ◽

Rhodosporidium Toruloides ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

High Yield ◽

Lipids Production

Abstract Rhodosporidium toruloides is a useful oleaginous yeast, but lipids production is affected by various factors including nutrients in the culture medium. Herein, the R-ZL2 high-yield mutant strain was used to investigate the effects of different carbon sources (sucrose, glucose, xylose), nitrogen sources (ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate), and C/N ratio on lipids production capacity, get the following conclusion (1) Compared with glucose and xylose, sucrose was a superior carbon source for lipids production; (2) When using ammonium sulphate as the nitrogen source, a C/N ratio of 200:1 achieved the highest biomass, lipids production and lipids content (10.7 g/L, 6.32 g/L and 59%, respectively), and lipids produced under different C/N conditions have potential for biodiesel production (except for C/N = 40 and C/N = 80); (3) When using ammonium nitrate as the nitrogen source, a C/N ratio of 200:1 achieved the highest biomass, lipids production and lipids content (12.1 g/L, 8.25 g/L and 65%, respectively), and lipids produced under different C/N ratio conditions have potential for biodiesel production. Thus, a combination of sucrose and ammonium nitrate was optimal for the lipid accumulation in R-ZL2. The findings will lay a foundation for further improving lipids yields.

Download Full-text

Biodiesel production of Rhodosporidium toruloides using different carbon sources of sugar-containing wastewater: Experimental analysis and model verification

Journal of Cleaner Production ◽

10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129112 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 323 ◽

pp. 129112

Author(s):

Xiaolei Liu ◽

Danyang Wang ◽

Anjie Li

Keyword(s):

Experimental Analysis ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Rhodosporidium Toruloides ◽

Model Verification ◽

Biodiesel Production

Download Full-text

Comparative Studies on Synthetic and Agricultural Product on Lysine Production by Alcaligenes aquatilis

Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports ◽

10.9734/ajarr/2019/v5i130121 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

C. B. Nwokolo ◽

N. N. Uchefuna ◽

I. A. Ekwealor ◽

C. T. Ezeh ◽

C. C. Ezemba

Keyword(s):

Carbon Source ◽

Nitrogen Source ◽

Ammonium Sulphate ◽

Comparative Studies ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Agricultural Product ◽

Lysine Production ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Fermentation Period

Production of lysine by Alcaligenes aquatilis from agricultural sub-products (banana and soybean) was compared to glucose and ammonium sulphate as a carbon and nitrogen source. Ammonium sulphate was constant as a nitrogen source when the two carbon sources were investigated and glucose constant as a carbon source when the nitrogen sources were investigated. The production of lysine was examined quantitatively by acidic ninhydrin method. The results showed that banana and soybean improved the maximum lysine yield (1.158 mg/ml and 1.279 mg/ml) for the fermentation period of 96 hrs.

Download Full-text

Study on the lipid biosynthesis of twooleaginous yeast strains Rhodosporidium toruloidesVTCC 20689 and VTCC 20765

Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam ◽

10.31276/vjst.63(11).48-52 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 63 (11) ◽

pp. 48-52

Author(s):

Thi Dam Linh Mai ◽

◽

Thi Quynh Do ◽

Thi Thanh Mai Nguyen ◽

Thanh Hien Pham ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Source ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Low Cost ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Lipid Biosynthesis ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Sugarcane Molasses ◽

Cell Biomass ◽

Potential Source ◽

Yeast Strains

The yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides is capable of lipid biosynthesis and accumulation up to more than 30% of dried cell biomass. It is a potential source for biodiesel production. Recent studies have shown that the applications of culture technologies can promote increased lipid accumulation in R. toruloides. In this study, the authors investigated the lipid biosynthesis ability of two yeast strains R. toruloides VTCC 20689 and VTCC 20765 isolated in Vietnam. The results indicated that both strains have the ability to accumulate lipids up to approximately 45% of the dried biomass of cells when cultured at 30oC for 48 h in the culture medium with pH 5.5. Cultivation of these two yeast strains on some different carbon sources showed that sugarcane molasses can be used as a low-cost carbon source for efficient lipid biosynthesis. When growing both strains on the medium with sugarcane molasses, the lipid biosynthesis reached about 44%, which is equivalent to in the medium with glucose.

Download Full-text

Defined MSC exosome with high yield and purity to improve regenerative activity

Journal of Tissue Engineering ◽

10.1177/20417314211008626 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 204173142110086

Author(s):

Jun Yong Kim ◽

Won-Kyu Rhim ◽

Yong-In Yoo ◽

Da-Seul Kim ◽

Kyoung-Won Ko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Culture ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Yield ◽

Human Umbilical Cord ◽

Cell Culture Medium ◽

Human Coronary Artery ◽

Isolation Methods ◽

Regenerative Activity ◽

Yield And Purity

Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been studied as vital components of regenerative medicine. Typically, various isolation methods of exosomes from cell culture medium have been developed to increase the isolation yield of exosomes. Moreover, the exosome-depletion process of serum has been considered to result in clinically active and highly purified exosomes from the cell culture medium. Our aim was to compare isolation methods, ultracentrifuge (UC)-based conventional method, and tangential flow filtration (TFF) system-based method for separation with high yield, and the bioactivity of the exosome according to the purity of MSC-derived exosome was determined by the ratio of Fetal bovine serum (FBS)-derived exosome to MSC-derived exosome depending on exosome depletion processes of FBS. The TFF-based isolation yield of exosome derived from human umbilical cord MSC (UCMSC) increased two orders (92.5 times) compared to UC-based isolation method. Moreover, by optimizing the process of depleting FBS-derived exosome, the purity of UCMSC-derived exosome, evaluated using the expression level of MSC exosome surface marker (CD73), was about 15.6 times enhanced and the concentration of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), known as impurities resulting from FBS, proved to be negligibly detected. The wound healing and angiogenic effects of highly purified UCMSC-derived exosomes were improved about 23.1% and 71.4%, respectively, with human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC). It suggests that the defined MSC exosome with high yield and purity could increase regenerative activity.

Download Full-text

Life Cycle Assessment and Soil Nitrogen Balance of Different N Fertilizers for Top Dressing Rye as Energy Crop for Electricity Generation

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11050844 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 844

Author(s):

Carlos Martín Sastre ◽

Ruth Barro ◽

Yolanda González-Arechavala ◽

Ana Santos-Montes ◽

Pilar Ciria

Keyword(s):

Ammonium Nitrate ◽

Ammonium Sulphate ◽

Soil Nitrogen ◽

Value Chain ◽

Electricity Generation ◽

Energy Crops ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Calcium Ammonium Nitrate ◽

Sustainability Criteria ◽

Ghg Savings

Nitrogen fertilizers have been identified in energy crops LCAs as the main contributors to global warming, as well as to many other environmental impacts. The distinct production process and application emissions of nitrogen fertilizer types for top dressing produce different GHG savings when energy crops value chains are compared to fossil energy alternatives. In this study, three types of fertilizers (calcium ammonium nitrate, urea and ammonium sulphate) at N top dressing rates of 80 kg N/ha are used to grow rye for electricity generation under the conditions of the Continental Mediterranean climate of central-northern Spain. Complete LCAs for the whole value chain based on real data were performed in conjunction with soil nitrogen balances (SNBs) to assess the accomplishment of European Union (EU) GHG savings sustainability criteria, as well as the sustainability of fertilization practices for soil nitrogen stocks. The results obtained can provide interesting insights for policy making, since calcium ammonium nitrate, the most common fertilizer for rye crops, led to 66% GHG savings, as opposed to the 69% achieved when applying urea and 77% when ammonium sulphate was used. Nevertheless, the three fertilizers produced annual soil deficits greater than 50 kg N/ha. In order to ensure savings above 80%, as required by the EU sustainability criteria, and sustainable SNBs, additional optimization measures should be taken at key points of the value chain.

Download Full-text

Studies on the Role of the are a Gene in the Regulation of Nitrogen Catabolism in Aspergillus nidulans

Australian Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.1071/bi9750301 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 301 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

MJ Hynes

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Source ◽

Aspergillus Nidulans ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Selection Methods ◽

Growth Responses ◽

Dominance Relationships ◽

Regulatory Circuits ◽

Specific Activities

Mutants of Apergillus nidulanswith lesions in a gene, areA (formerly called amdT), have been isolated by a variety of different selection methods. The areA mutants show a range of pleiotropic growth responses to a number of compounds as sole nitrogen sources, but are normal in utilization of carbon sources. The levels of two amidase enzymes as well as urease have been investigated in the mutants and have been shown to be affected by this gene. Most of the areA mutants have much lower amidase-specific activities when grown in ammonium-containing medium, compared with mycelium incubated in medium la9king a nitrogen source. Some of the areA. mutants do not show derepression of urease upon relief of ammonium repression. The dominance relationships of areA alleles have been investigated in� heterozygous diploids, and these studies lend support to the proposal that areA codes for a positively acting regulatory product. One of the new areA alleles is partially dominant to areA + and areA102. This may be a result of negative complementation or indicate that areA has an additional negative reiuIatory function. Investigation.of various amdR; areA double mutants has led to the conclusion that amdR and areA participate in independent regulatory circuits in the control of acetamide utilizatiol1. Studies on an amdRc; areA.double mutant indicate that areA is involved in derepression of acetamidase upon relief of ammo.nium repression.

Download Full-text

Pilot scale biodiesel production from microbial oil of Rhodosporidium toruloides DEBB 5533 using sugarcane juice: Performance in diesel engine and preliminary economic study

Bioresource Technology ◽

10.1016/j.biortech.2016.10.055 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 223 ◽

pp. 259-268 ◽

Cited By ~ 85

Author(s):

Carlos Ricardo Soccol ◽

Carlos José Dalmas Neto ◽

Vanete Thomaz Soccol ◽

Eduardo Bittencourt Sydney ◽

Eduardo Scopel Ferreira da Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Rhodosporidium Toruloides ◽

Sugarcane Juice ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Microbial Oil ◽

Economic Study

Download Full-text

Improvement of the Culture Medium for the Dichlorvos-Ammonia (DV-AM) Method to Selectively Detect Aflatoxigenic Fungi in Soil

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins10120519 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 519 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kimiko Yabe ◽

Haruna Ozaki ◽

Takuya Maruyama ◽

Keisuke Hayashi ◽

Yuki Matto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Culture Medium ◽

Agar Medium ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Tween 80 ◽

Selective Medium ◽

Selective Detection ◽

Aflatoxigenic Fungi ◽

Aspergillus Nomius ◽

Rhizopus Sp ◽

Triton X

The dichlorvos-ammonia (DV-AM) method is a simple but sensitive visual method for detecting aflatoxigenic fungi. Here we sought to develop a selective medium that is appropriate for the growth of aflatoxigenic fungi among soil mycoflora. We examined the effects of different concentrations of carbon sources (sucrose and glucose) and detergents (deoxycholate (DOC), Triton X-100, and Tween 80) on microorganisms in soils, using agar medium supplemented with chloramphenicol. The results demonstrated that 5–10% sucrose concentrations and 0.1–0.15% DOC concentrations were appropriate for the selective detection of aflatoxigenic fungi in soil. We also identified the optimal constituents of the medium on which the normal rapid growth of Rhizopus sp. was completely inhibited. By using the new medium along with the DV-AM method, we succeeded in the isolation of aflatoxigenic fungi from non-agricultural fields in Fukui city, Japan. The fungi were identified as Aspergillus nomius based on their calmodulin gene sequences. These results indicate that the new medium will be useful in practice for the detection of aflatoxigenic fungi in soil samples including those from non-agricultural environments.

Download Full-text