scholarly journals A new model for COVID-19 control and its implementation in the city of Honghu, China: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
He-ran Wang ◽  
Meng-chun Gong ◽  
Jing-Yuan Sun ◽  
Jian Sun ◽  
Yi Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Medical Resources ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Medical Teams ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The City

Abstract Background Novel coronavirus pneumonia has been the most serious worldwide public health emergency since being identified in December 2019. The rapid spread of the pandemic and the strong human to human infection rate of COVID-19 poses a great prevention challenge. There has been an explosion in the number of confirmed cases in several cities near Wuhan, including the highest in Honghu, Jinzhou. Owing to the limited admission capacity and medical resources, increasing numbers of suspected cases of COVID-19 infection were difficult to confirm or treat. Case presentation Following the arrival of the Guangdong medical aid team on 11 February, 2020, COVID-19 care in Honghu saw changes after a series of solutions were implemented based on the ‘Four-Early’ and ‘Four-centralization’ management measures. The ‘Four-Early’ measures are: early detection, early reporting, early quarantine, and early treatment for meeting an urgent need like the COVID-19 pandemic. ‘Four-centralization’ refers to the way in which recruited medical teams can make full use of medical resources to give patients the best treatment. These solutions successfully increased the recovery rate and reduced mortality among patients with COVID-19 in Honghu. Conclusions This management strategy is called the ‘Honghu Model’ which can be generalized to enable the prevention and management of COVID-19 worldwide.

scholarly journals Homology Models of the Papain-Like Protease PLpro from Coronavirus 2019-nCoV

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Stoermer
Keyword(s):  
Viral Genome ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
World Health ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
3Cl Protease ◽  
Bat Coronavirus ◽  
Homology Models

The December 2019 outbreak of pneumonia in Wuhan, Hubei Province of China was rapidly linked to a novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV. The rapid spread and severity of the virus has led the World Health Organization to declare it a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. We recently described the first homology models of the main 3CL protease from 2019-nCoV, and now present models of the other viral protease, the papain-like protease or PLpro. Whilst the overall viral genome is most closely associated with bat coronaviruses, no bat PLpro crystal structures are known. Wuhan 2019-nCoV PLpro is most closely related to a bat coronavirus PLpro (97% identity), then SARS (80 %) and MERS (29%) and the most promising models presented here are prepared from SARS crystal structure templates.

scholarly journals Homology Models of the Papain-Like Protease PLpro from Coronavirus 2019-nCoV

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Stoermer
Keyword(s):  
Viral Genome ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
World Health ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
3Cl Protease ◽  
Bat Coronavirus ◽  
Homology Models

The December 2019 outbreak of pneumonia in Wuhan, Hubei Province of China was rapidly linked to a novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV. The rapid spread and severity of the virus has led the World Health Organization to declare it a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. We recently described the first homology models of the main 3CL protease from 2019-nCoV, and now present models of the other viral protease, the papain-like protease or PLpro. Whilst the overall viral genome is most closely associated with bat coronaviruses, no bat PLpro crystal structures are known. Wuhan 2019-nCoV PLpro is most closely related to a bat coronavirus PLpro (97% identity), then SARS (80 %) and MERS (29%) and the most promising models presented here are prepared from SARS crystal structure templates.

scholarly journals Emergency architecture. Modular construction of healthcare facilities as a response to pandemic outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
Marina Smolova ◽  
Daria Smolova
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Modular Construction ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Major Activity ◽  
Design Flexibility ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The City

Emerging infectious diseases originating from wildlife species continue to demolish humankind leaving an imprint on human history. December 2019 has marked the emergence of a novel coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-2019) originated in China in the city of Wuhan. Drastic emergence and spread of infectious disease have shown to appear in highly densified areas causing rapid spread of epidemic through population movement, transmission routes, major activity nodes, proximity, and connectivity of urban spaces. An extreme number of cases rising throughout the world caused space unavailability in healthcare facilities to serve patients infected with Covid-2019, therefore urging for innovative emergency management response from construction and architecture industry. Prefabricated modular construction has been widely utilized around the globe assembling rapid response facilities after catastrophic events such as tornadoes, hurricanes, and forest fires. An increasing number of Covid-2019 cases demanded effective and compressed implementation of medical centres to provide expeditious and secure healthcare. The paper examines the potential of standardization of modular construction of hospitals as a response to current and potential pandemic outbreaks. The research provides fundamental planning requirements of isolation units and their design flexibility as a key to rapid emergency solution.

Coronavirus - Past and Present

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1574-1579
Author(s):  
Alfiya Qamar
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Genomic Structure ◽  
Healthcare Practitioner ◽  
Wholesale Market ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
New Novel ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The City

Coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by a new mutant strain of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) which is an ongoing global health pandemic. However, you'll have first become conversant in the term coronavirus during the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2002. Here we summarize important distinguishing characteristics concerning both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV2. SARS-Cov2, which is caused by the new novel coronavirus, has been highlighting the news lately. The virus that causes SARS is entitled as SARS-CoV, while the virus that causes COVID-19 is entitled as SARS-CoV-2. SARS was declared a global pandemic in late 2002 in China, when a healthcare practitioner got infected with a virus and unknowingly travelled to Hong Kong, with rapid spread to other nearby countries by international travelling of people. But due to many other factors, SARS was restrained in around 30 countries with an estimated mortality rate of 10% by the end of the pandemic in mid-2003. The focal point of this current novel coronavirus outbreak is within Wuhan city of China. Animal host act as a reservoir for novel coronavirus and it can infect human by crossing this barrier. Hence, a seafood wholesale market in the city was thought to be one among the places from where the transmission of COVID-19 initiated. As we go further in this article, we will come across the differences in genomic structure, pathogenicity, clinical features and lab investigations among SARS-CoV2 and SARS-CoV.

scholarly journals COVID-19: Molecular and Cellular Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamila D. Alipoor ◽  
Esmaeil Mortaz ◽  
Hamidreza Jamaati ◽  
Payam Tabarsi ◽  
Hasan Bayram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Response ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
World Health ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Health It ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

In late December 2019, a vtiral pneumonia with an unknown agent was reported in Wuhan, China. A novel coronavirus was identified as the causative agent. Because of the human-to-human transmission and rapid spread; coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly increased to an epidemic scale and poses a severe threat to human health; it has been declared a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) by the World Health Organization (WHO). This review aims to summarize the recent research progress of COVID-19 molecular features and immunopathogenesis to provide a reference for further research in prevention and treatment of SARS coronavirus2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection based on the knowledge from researches on SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV).

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Review on Current Evidence and Unani Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 09 (02) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Tamanna Nazli ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Classical Literature ◽  
Patient Isolation ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The City

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus has emerged from the city Wuhan, China when cluster of pneumonia cases similar to viral pneumonia appeared, later named as SARS-CoV-2 virus, its symptomatology bears resemblance to Nazla-e-Wabāiya (epidemic influenza) in various treaties of Unani scholars. WHO on January 30, 2020 declared this outbreak as a public health emergency of international concern. To date, there are no specific vaccines or medicine for COVID-19 and the treatment is simply symptomatic. Therefore, prompt recognition of positive cases and rapid patient isolation may be needed to contain the disease spread to ensure timely management. Unani System of Medicine aims at preservation of health, management of diseases with a holistic approach. As per Unani classical literature, during epidemics prevention of disease and maintenance of health was achieved by strengthening the Ṭabī’at (Medicatrix Naturae) and modifications in Asbāb Sitta Darūriyya (Six Essential Factors).

scholarly journals Full-genome evolutionary analysis of the novel corona virus (2019-nCoV) rejects the hypothesis of emergence as a result of a recent recombination event

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Paraskevis ◽  
E.G. Kostaki ◽  
G. Magiorkinis ◽  
G. Panayiotakopoulos ◽  
S. Tsiodras
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The City

AbstractBackgroundA novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) associated with human to human transmission and severe human infection has been recently reported from the city of Wuhan in China. Our objectives were to characterize the genetic relationships of the 2019-nCoV and to search for putative recombination within the subgenus of sarbecovirus.MethodsPutative recombination was investigated by RDP4 and Simplot v3.5.1 and discordant phylogenetic clustering in individual genomic fragments was confirmed by phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods.ResultsOur analysis suggests that the 2019-nCoV although closely related to BatCoV RaTG13 sequence throughout the genome (sequence similarity 96.3%), shows discordant clustering with the Bat-SARS-like coronavirus sequences. Specifically, in the 5’-part spanning the first 11,498 nucleotides and the last 3’-part spanning 24,341-30,696 positions, 2019-nCoV and RaTG13 formed a single cluster with Bat-SARS-like coronavirus sequences, whereas in the middle region spanning the 3’-end of ORF1a, the ORF1b and almost half of the spike regions, 2019-nCoV and RaTG13 grouped in a separate distant lineage within the sarbecovirus branch.ConclusionsThe levels of genetic similarity between the 2019-nCoV and RaTG13 suggest that the latter does not provide the exact variant that caused the outbreak in humans, but the hypothesis that 2019-nCoV has originated from bats is very likely. We show evidence that the novel coronavirus (2019-nCov) is not-mosaic consisting in almost half of its genome of a distinct lineage within the betacoronavirus. These genomic features and their potential association with virus characteristics and virulence in humans need further attention.

Local hospital experience of emergency management in the response to SARS (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Yan
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Hospital Emergency ◽  
Local Hospital ◽  
Referral Network ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Hospital Transmission

UNSTRUCTURED The ongoing outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infection was first identified in Wuhan, China at the late of 2019. Following the acceleration of the novel coronavirus spreading, person-person transmissions in family residences, hospitals and other public environments have led to a major public hazard in China. Currently, the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has been further developed into a public health emergency of international concern. In response to an occurring pandemic, hospitals need an emergency strategy and plan to manage their space, staff, and other essential resources, therefore, to provide optimum care to patients involved. In addition, infection prevention measures urgently need to be implemented to reduce in-hospital transmission and avoid the occurrence of virus super-spreading. For hospitals without capacity to manage severe patients, a referral network is often needed. We present our successful field experience regarding hospital emergency management and local hospitals network model in response to SARS-CoV-2 emerging epidemic.

scholarly journals Acute motor-sensory axonal polyneuropathy variant of Guillain–Barre syndrome complicating the recovery phase of coronavirus disease 2019 infection: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Maseh Haidary ◽  
Sarah Noor ◽  
Esmatullah Hamed ◽  
Tawab Baryali ◽  
Soma Rahmani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Progressive Muscle Weakness ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Guillain Barré

Abstract Introduction The novel coronavirus, since its first identification in China, in December 2019, has shown remarkable heterogeneity in its clinical behavior. It has affected humans on every continent. Clinically, it has affected every organ system. The outcome has also been variable, with most of the older patients showing grave outcomes as compared with the younger individuals. Here we present a rare and severe variant of Guillain–Barre syndrome that complicated the disease in recovery phase. Case presentation A 60-year-old Afghan man, who had been recovering from symptoms related to novel coronavirus associated disease, presented with sudden onset of progressive muscle weakness and oxygen desaturation. Electrophysiological workup confirmed the diagnosis of Guillain–Barre syndrome, and early institution of intravenous immunoglobulin resulted in complete resolution. Conclusion Guillain–Barre syndrome has recently been reported in many patients diagnosed with novel coronavirus associated disease. While clinical suspicion is mandatory to guide towards an effective diagnostic workup, early diagnosis of this complication and timely institution of therapeutic interventions are indispensable and lifesaving.

scholarly journals Solitary fibrous tumor of the greater omentum: case report and review of literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim M. Eltawil ◽  
Carly Whalen ◽  
Bryce Knapp
Keyword(s):  
Solitary Fibrous Tumor ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Abdominal Mass ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Greater Omentum ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team Approach ◽  
Fibrous Tumor

Abstract Background Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare neoplasm of mesenchymal origin occurring most often in the visceral pleura, however, it has been described in almost every anatomic location of the human body. While most SFTs have a benign behavior, they can potentially be locally aggressive and demonstrate a malignant behavior. Case presentation A 63 year-old male patient presented with lower abdominal pain and nausea and was noted on CT to have a large, heterogeneous lower abdominal mass with no evidence of metastatic disease. A surgical resection was performed and the mass appeared to be connected to the greater omentum with a vascular pedicle. It was not invading any intra-abdominal or pelvic organs. Pathology revealed an SFT of omental origin. The mitotic count was less than 4 per 10 high-power fields and all pathologic characteristics did not meet the criteria for a malignant SFT. Conclusions We report an extremely rare case of SFT originating from the greater omentum. A multidisciplinary team approach was followed to plan the patient’s management strategy.

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