Rapid change of fecal microbiome and disappearance of Clostridium difficile in a colonized infant after transition from breast milk to cow milk

The objective of this pilot study was to assess the fecal microbiome and different immunological parameters in infant feces and maternal milk from mother–infant pairs in which the infants were suffering from different gastrointestinal disorders (colic, non-IgE-mediated cow milk protein allergy (CMPA), and proctocolitis). A cohort of 30 mother–infant pairs, in which the infants were diagnosed with these gastrointestinal disorders or included as healthy controls, were recruited. Bacterial composition of infant feces and breast milk was determined by metataxonomic sequencing. Immunological compounds were quantified using multiplexed immunoassays. A higher abundance of Eggerthellaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Peptostreptococcaceae, and lower abundance of Bifidobacterium and higher abundance of Rothia were registered in fecal samples from the CMPA group. Eggerthellaceae was also significantly more abundant in milk samples of the CMPA group. There were no differences in the concentration of immunological compounds in infant fecal samples between the four groups. In contrast, differences were found in the concentration and/or frequency of compounds related to acquired immunity and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF) in breast milk samples. In conclusion, a few microbial signatures in feces may explain part of the difference between CMPA and other infants. In addition, some milk immunological signatures have been uncovered among the different conditions addressed in this pilot study.

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Dynamic Associations of Milk Components With the Infant Gut Microbiome and Fecal Metabolites in a Mother–Infant Model by Microbiome, NMR Metabolomic, and Time-Series Clustering Analyses

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2021.813690 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Yosuke Komatsu ◽

Daiki Kumakura ◽

Namiko Seto ◽

Hirohisa Izumi ◽

Yasuhiro Takeda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

Lactation Period ◽

Bioactive Components ◽

Fecal Microbiome ◽

Breastfed Infants ◽

H Nmr ◽

Milk Components ◽

Infant Gut Microbiome ◽

Infant Feces

Background: The gut microbiome and fecal metabolites of breastfed infants changes during lactation, and are influenced by breast milk components. This study aimed to investigate dynamic associations of milk components with the infant gut microbiome and fecal metabolites throughout the lactation period in a mother–infant model.Methods: One month after delivery, breast milk and subsequent infant feces were collected in a pair for 5 months from a mother and an exclusively breastfed infant. Composition of the fecal microbiome was determined with 16S rRNA sequencing. Low-molecular-weight metabolites, including human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), and antibacterial proteins were measured in feces and milk using 1H NMR metabolomics and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The association of milk bioactive components with the infant gut microbiome and fecal metabolites was determined with Python clustering and correlation analyses.Results: The HMOs in milk did not fluctuate throughout the lactation period. However, they began to disappear in infant feces at the beginning of month 4. Notably, at this time-point, a bifidobacterium species switching (from B. breve to B. longum subsp. infantis) occurred, accompanied by fluctuations in several metabolites including acetate and butyrate in infant feces.Conclusions: Milk bioactive components, such as HMOs, might play different roles in the exclusively breastfed infants depending on the lactation period.

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Relation between Weak HLA-DR Expression on Human Breast Milk Macrophages and Cow Milk Allergy (CMA) in Suckling Infants

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1203/00006450-199901000-00013 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 76-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Kirsi-Marjut Järvinen ◽

Kaisu Juntunen-Backman ◽

Hanna Suomalainen

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Cow Milk ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Milk Allergy ◽

Human Breast ◽

Hla Dr ◽

Cow Milk Allergy

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Consumption of cow milk and egg by lactating women and the presence of beta-lactoglobulin and ovalbumin in breast milk

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/65.1.30 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 30-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Y Fukushima ◽

Y Kawata ◽

T Onda ◽

M Kitagawa

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Cow Milk ◽

Lactating Women ◽

Beta Lactoglobulin

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Sex Hormones, Gonadotropins, and Sex Hormone-binding Globulin in Infants Fed Breast Milk, Cow Milk Formula, or Soy Formula

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-017-04610-y ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xin Fang ◽

Lei Wang ◽

Chunhua Wu ◽

Huijing Shi ◽

Zhijun Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Sex Hormones ◽

Sex Hormone ◽

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽

Cow Milk ◽

Milk Formula ◽

Hormone Binding

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Compared with Feeding Infants Breast Milk or Cow-Milk Formula, Soy Formula Feeding Does Not Affect Subsequent Reproductive Organ Size at 5 Years of Age

Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.3945/jn.114.206201 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 145 (5) ◽

pp. 871-875 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Aline Andres ◽

Mary B Moore ◽

Leann E Linam ◽

Patrick H Casey ◽

Mario A Cleves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Reproductive Organ ◽

Formula Feeding ◽

Organ Size ◽

Cow Milk ◽

Milk Formula

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The Effectiveness of Goat Milk to Increase the Quantity of Breast Milk Among Lactation Women: Randomized Controlled Trial Evidence

Childhood Stunting, Wasting, and Obesity, as the Critical Global Health Issues: Forging Cross-Sectoral Solutions ◽

10.26911/the7thicph.05.38 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Prita Alvina Reviana ◽

◽

Yulia Lanti Retno Dewi ◽

Vitri Widyaningsih ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Milk Production ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Goat Milk ◽

Cow Milk ◽

Control Group ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Breast Milk Production ◽

Lactating Mothers

ABSTRACT Background: Goat milk has some potential nutrition than cow milk. Studies suggested that goat milk is better digested and absorbed than cow milk. It also has less allergen protein and lower lactose. Previous studies examined the benefit of goat milk as infant feeding to increase infant growth compared with cow milk-based formula. However, the studies that analyze the effect of goat milk in increasing breast milk production are scarce. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of goat milk to increase breast milk volume in lactating mothers. Subjects and Method: This was a randomized controlled trial (RCT). The study was conducted in Madiun, East Java, in October 2019. A sample of 100 lactating mothers with children aged 1 to 3 months was selected purposively. The dependent variable was volume of breast milk. The independent variable was the effectiveness of goat milk. The data were collected by food recall 24 hours and observational sheet. The data were analyzed by t test. Results: Breast milk production after giving goat milk in the intervention group (Mean= 121.5; SD= 12.81) was higher than control group (Mean= 97.06; SD= 13.59), and it was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Goat milk is effective to increase quantity of breast milk in lactating mothers. Keywords: breast milk production, goat milk Correspondence: Prita Alvina Reviana. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6282334673976 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.38

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Toward an Understanding of Changes in Diversity Associated with Fecal Microbiome Transplantation Based on 16S rRNA Gene Deep Sequencing

mBio ◽

10.1128/mbio.00338-12 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 110

Author(s):

Dea Shahinas ◽

Michael Silverman ◽

Taylor Sittler ◽

Charles Chiu ◽

Peter Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clostridium Difficile ◽

16S Rrna ◽

16S Rrna Gene ◽

Microbial Diversity ◽

Deep Sequencing ◽

Species Level ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Content Type ◽

Fecal Microbiome ◽

Level Analysis

ABSTRACT Fecal microbiome transplantation by low-volume enema is an effective, safe, and inexpensive alternative to antibiotic therapy for patients with chronic relapsing Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). We explored the microbial diversity of pre- and posttransplant stool specimens from CDI patients (n = 6) using deep sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. While interindividual variability in microbiota change occurs with fecal transplantation and vancomycin exposure, in this pilot study we note that clinical cure of CDI is associated with an increase in diversity and richness. Genus- and species-level analysis may reveal a cocktail of microorganisms or products thereof that will ultimately be used as a probiotic to treat CDI. IMPORTANCE Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) due to Clostridium difficile is a widespread phenomenon in hospitals today. Despite the use of antibiotics, up to 30% of patients are unable to clear the infection and suffer recurrent bouts of diarrheal disease. As a result, clinicians have resorted to fecal microbiome transplantation (FT). Donor stool for this type of therapy is typically obtained from a spouse or close relative and thoroughly tested for various pathogenic microorganisms prior to infusion. Anecdotal reports suggest a very high success rate of FT in patients who fail antibiotic treatment (>90%). We used deep-sequencing technology to explore the human microbial diversity in patients with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) disease after FT. Genus- and species-level analysis revealed a cocktail of microorganisms in the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla that may ultimately be used as a probiotic to treat CDI.

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