scholarly journals Compared with Feeding Infants Breast Milk or Cow-Milk Formula, Soy Formula Feeding Does Not Affect Subsequent Reproductive Organ Size at 5 Years of Age

2015 ◽  
Vol 145 (5) ◽  
pp. 871-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Andres ◽  
Mary B Moore ◽  
Leann E Linam ◽  
Patrick H Casey ◽  
Mario A Cleves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Reproductive Organ ◽  
Formula Feeding ◽  
Organ Size ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Formula

scholarly journals TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN IBU TERHADAP PEMBERIAN SUSU FORMULA PADA BAYI USIA 0–6 BULAN DI LINGKUNGAN IX KELURAHAN BANDAR SELAMAT KECAMATAN MEDAN TEMBUNG

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Elvalini Warnelis Sinaga
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Formula Feeding ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Formula Milk ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

  Formula milk is milk made from cow's milk or artificial milk whose composition is changed so that it can be used as a substitute for breast milk. Formula milk is a substitute for breast milk or can also complement breast milk. But it must be remembered that none of the nutritional compositions can match breast milk. The purpose of this study was to better understand and know the advantages and disadvantages of giving formula milk to infants. This research is descriptive using primary data by distributing questionnaires and tabulating to get the results. The population in this study were all mothers in Ward IX, Bandar Selamat Subdistrict, Medan Tembung Subdistrict with a total population of 30 respondents and using a total sampling technique of 30 respondents. From the results of the study, it is known that the majority have less knowledge as many as 15 respondents (50%), based on education the majority have less knowledge in junior high schools as many as 8 respondents (27%), based on work the majority have less knowledge in IRT as many as 11 respondents (37%), and based on sources of information the majority of knowledgeable people do not get information from electronic media as many as 8 respondents (26%). Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the mother's level of knowledge on formula feeding in infants aged 0-6 months is in the poor category. Therefore, knowledge greatly influences mothers to achieve the Exclusive Breastfeeding program. Therefore, it is hoped that mothers can increase their knowledge about the advantages and disadvantages of formula feeding.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Compositions of the Stool Microbiotas of Infants Fed Goat Milk Formula, Cow Milk-Based Formula, or Breast Milk

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 3040-3048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald W. Tannock ◽  
Blair Lawley ◽  
Karen Munro ◽  
Siva Gowri Pathmanathan ◽  
Shao J. Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Infant Nutrition ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Stool Samples

ABSTRACTThe aim of the study was to compare the compositions of the fecal microbiotas of infants fed goat milk formula to those of infants fed cow milk formula or breast milk as the gold standard. Pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene sequences was used in the analysis of the microbiotas in stool samples collected from 90 Australian babies (30 in each group) at 2 months of age. Beta-diversity analysis of total microbiota sequences andLachnospiraceaesequences revealed that they were more similar in breast milk/goat milk comparisons than in breast milk/cow milk comparisons. TheLachnospiraceaewere mostly restricted to a single species (Ruminococcus gnavus) in breast milk-fed and goat milk-fed babies compared to a more diverse collection in cow milk-fed babies.Bifidobacteriaceaewere abundant in the microbiotas of infants in all three groups.Bifidobacterium longum,Bifidobacterium breve, andBifidobacterium bifidumwere the most commonly detected bifidobacterial species. A semiquantitative PCR method was devised to differentiate betweenB. longumsubsp.longumandB. longumsubsp.infantisand was used to test stool samples.B. longumsubsp.infantiswas seldom present in stools, even of breast milk-fed babies. The presence ofB. bifidumin the stools of breast milk-fed infants at abundances greater than 10% of the total microbiota was associated with the highest total abundances ofBifidobacteriaceae. WhenBifidobacteriaceaeabundance was low,Lachnospiraceaeabundances were greater. New information about the composition of the fecal microbiota when goat milk formula is used in infant nutrition was thus obtained.

scholarly journals Human Breast Milk Promotes the Secretion of Potentially Beneficial Metabolites by Probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tu T. Mai ◽  
Dat Q. Tran ◽  
Stefan Roos ◽  
J. Marc Rhoads ◽  
Yuying Liu
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Glyoxylate Cycle ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
The Glyoxylate Cycle

Human breast milk (HBM) may have beneficial effects on Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (LR 17938) -mediated immunomodulation. We aimed to determine the effects of HBM on proliferation of LR 17938 in vitro and its associated proteins and metabolites in culture, in order to provide mechanistic insights into the health benefits of LR 17938. LR 17938 was cultured anaerobically in MRS bacterial culture media, HBM (from 6 mothers), and 2 types of cow-milk formula. The colony-forming unit (CFU) was calculated to evaluate LR 17938 growth. Sixteen-hour-fermented supernatants were used for metabolomics, and bacterial lysates were used for proteomics analysis. We found that growth of LR 17938 was 10 times better in HBM than in formula. We detected 261/452 metabolites upregulated when LR 17938 cultured in HBM compared to in formula, mainly participating in the glyoxylate cycle (succinate), urea cycle (citrulline), methionine methylation (N-acetylcysteine), and polyamine synthesis (spermidine). The significantly up-regulated enzymes were also involved in the formation of acetyl-CoA in the glyoxylate cycle and the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine. In conclusion, HBM enhances the growth of LR 17938 compared to formula and promotes LR 17938-associated metabolites that relate to energy and antioxidant status, which may be linked to the physiological effects of L. reuteri.

scholarly journals Lactobacillus reuteristrains reduce incidence and severity of experimental necrotizing enterocolitis via modulation of TLR4 and NF-κB signaling in the intestine

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (6) ◽  
pp. G608-G617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuying Liu ◽  
Nicole Y. Fatheree ◽  
Nisha Mangalat ◽  
Jon Marc Rhoads
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Formula Feeding ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The Impact

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the leading gastrointestinal cause of mortality and morbidity in the premature infant. Premature infants have a delay in intestinal colonization by commensal bacteria and colonization with potentially pathogenic organisms. Lactobacillus reuteri is a probiotic that inhibits enteric infections, modulates the immune system, and may be beneficial to prevent NEC. In previous studies, L. reuteri strains DSM 17938 and ATCC PTA 4659 differentially modulated inflammation in vitro; however, the strains had equivalent anti-inflammatory responses in LPS feeding-induced ileitis in neonatal rats in vivo. The impact of these two strains in the prevention of NEC has not been previously investigated. NEC was induced in newborn rats by orogastric formula feeding and exposure to hypoxia. L. reuteri was added to the formula to prevent NEC. NEC score, Toll-like receptor (TLR)-signaling genes, phospho-IκB activity, and cytokine levels in the intestine were examined. Both strains significantly increased survival rate and decreased the incidence and severity of NEC, with optimal effects from DSM 17938. In response to probiotic, mRNA expression of IL-6, TNF-α, TLR4, and NF-κB was significantly downregulated, while mRNA levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were significantly upregulated. In parallel, L. reuteri treatment led to decrease intestinal protein levels of TLR4 and cytokine levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in newborn rats with NEC. Both strains significantly inhibited not only intestinal LPS-induced phospho-IκB activity in an ex vivo study but also decreased the levels of phospho-IκB in the intestines of NEC rat model. Cow milk formula feeding produced a similar but milder proinflammatory profile in the intestine that was also ameliorated by 17938. Our studies demonstrate that each of the two L. reuteri strains has potential therapeutic value in our NEC model and in enteritis associated with cow milk feeding. These results support the concept that L. reuteri may represent a valuable treatment to prevent NEC.

Ultrasonographic Patterns of Reproductive Organs in Infants Fed Soy Formula: Comparisons to Infants Fed Breast Milk and Milk Formula

2010 ◽  
Vol 156 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet M. Gilchrist ◽  
Mary Beth Moore ◽  
Aline Andres ◽  
Judy A. Estroff ◽  
Thomas M. Badger
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Milk Formula

Gastroduodenal Motility in Neonates: Response to Human Milk Compared With Cow's Milk Formula

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-438
Author(s):  
T. Tomomasa ◽  
P. E. Hyman ◽  
K. Itoh ◽  
J. Y. Hsu ◽  
T. Koizumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Fasting State ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Gastroduodenal Motility

It is known that breast milk empties more quickly from the stomach than does infant formula. We studied the difference in gastroduodenal motility between neonates fed with human milk and those fed with infant formula. Twenty-four five-to 36-day-old neonates were fed with mother's breast milk or with a cow's milk-based formula. Postprandlial gastroduodenal contractions were recorded manometrically for three hours. Repetitive, high-amplitude nonmigrating contractions were the dominant wave form during the postprandial period. The number of episodes, duration, amplitude, and frequency of nonmigrating contractions were not different following the different feedings. The migrating myoelectric complex, which signals a return to the interdigestive (fasting) state, appeared in 75% of breast milk-fed infants but only 17% of formula-fed infants (P < .05) within the three-hour recording period. Because contractions were similar following the two meals, but a fasting state recurred more rapidly in breast-fed infants, we conclude that factors other than phasic, nonpropagated antroduodenal contractions were responsible for the differences in gastric emptying between breast milk and formula.

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