scholarly journals Transitions in alcohol use over time: a survival analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura B. Koenig ◽  
Jon Randolph Haber ◽  
Theodore Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Externalizing Disorders ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Drinking History ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background The current study examined the predictors of the onset of alcohol use as well as predictors of remission and relapse, both from heavy drinking and from alcohol dependence. Similarities and differences in both clinical and psychosocial predictors across the transitions were examined. Methods A sample of men from the Vietnam Era Twin Registry (N = 1769) completed an assessment of lifetime drinking history, which allowed age markers for starting and stopping different drinking patterns. The men also completed various assessments regarding personality, alcohol motives, and psychiatric diagnoses. Survival analyses were used to examine the predictors of the three transitions of onset, remission, and relapse for the phenotypes of heavy drinking and of alcohol dependence, censoring the individuals who had not yet experienced an event. Results As expected, predictors of onset for drinking, heavy drinking, and alcohol dependence were largely consistent and included externalizing symptomology, nicotine dependence, and cotwin history of drinking as risk factors. Predictors of remission from heavy drinking, somewhat similarly to remission from alcohol dependence, included the risk factor of externalizing disorders but also, as predicted, included more risk and protective factors in the psychosocial realm that were not predictors of onset. Contrary to our prediction, relapse to heavy drinking and alcohol dependence were predicted largely by unique psychosocial risk and protective factors including social and coping motives. Conclusion Current findings extend the findings of past research to remission and relapse in the later decades of life and have implications for treatment of alcohol use problems.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Comparison of Drinking Patterns, Alcohol Use and Related Medical Morbidities in a Secondary Versus Tertiary Setting

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
A Risal ◽  
H Tharoor
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patterns Of Drinking ◽  
Level Hospital

Background Alcohol Dependence exists in different spectrums at different settings and associated with various medical morbidities, disability and health care utilization costs. Objectives To study the drinking patterns, alcohol use disorders and alcohol related medical morbidities in patients diagnosed with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome (ADS) and attending out / in-patient psychiatry services at secondary and tertiary care centre. Methods A cross-sectional comparative study was done among the patients diagnosed with ADS attending psychiatry services at District hospital, Udupi and Kasturba Hospital, Manipal. Serial sampling was done. Patients having any other psychiatric illnesses were excluded. The two groups were compared in relation to socio-demographic variables, drinking related variables, patterns of drinking and alcohol related medical morbidities identified. Results Significant differences in some socio-demographic parameters among the patients from the two different treatment centers were found with secondary level hospital (N=50) having more illiterate, laborers and below the poverty line population in comparison to the tertiary level hospital (N=75). Maximum frequency of gastro-intestinal morbidities was seen in both the hospital population, irrespective of the patterns of drinking. Conclusion Alcohol use disorders and alcohol related medical morbidities show some variations in their presentations in the different treatment centers. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v11i2.12492 Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.11(2) 2013: 152-157

scholarly journals Sociodemographic Profiles And Psychiatric Comorbidities Among Patients With Alcohol Dependence In Western Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
M. Belbase ◽  
R.K. Jalan ◽  
J. Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidities ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Daily Amount ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Alcohol is a potent drug that causes acute and chronic changes in almost all neurochemical systems and heavy drinking can produce serious temporary psychological symptoms including depression, anxiety and psychoses. Alcoholism is clinically heterogenous disorder with variable age of onset, drinking patterns, severity and comorbidity with other mental disorders. There is a gender difference in many aspect of alcohol use. The aim of the study was to study the sociodemographic profile, severity, gender difference and psychiatric comorbidities in patient with alcohol dependence syndrome in Nepalese population. Material And Method: This is a hospital based study done in patients coming to Nepalgunj Medical College, Kohalpur over a period of one year from June 2019 to May 2020 on consecutive serial basis. Diagnosis of alcohol dependence was made based on International Classification of Disease-10 (ICD-10) criteria. Semi structured proforma and Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (SADQ) was applied in those patients and recorded accordingly. The data was analyzed using SPSS. Results: Out of 40 patients studied (N-40), 37 (92.5 %) were male and 3 (7.5 %) were female. Alcohol dependence is most common in the age bracket of 30-39 (43.1%) followed by 40-49 (33.4 %) with mean age of 40.3 years and the mean age of duration of alcohol use being 13.45 years. The mean amount of alcohol consumed per day is 92.25 grams. The SADQ scores, age of first alcohol use, duration of alcohol use in years and daily amount of alcohol use in grams is significantly different between male and female. Similarly there is severe alcohol dependence in 75 % while moderate level in 25 % of study population. Regarding psychiatric comorbidities, 90 % have comorbid other substance use disorder followed by anxiety disorders in 37.5 %, personality disorders in 35 %, mood disorders in 32.5 %, deliberate self harm in 30 % and psychotic disorders in 12.5 %. Conclusion: Alcohol dependence is most commonly found in young and adults of various age group. Age of first alcohol use, duration of alcohol use in years and daily amount of alcohol use in grams is significantly different between male and female. Alcohol dependence is comorbid with multiple psychiatric entities.  

scholarly journals Alcohol Use Among Homeless Men in Tehran, Iran: Risk and Protective Factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Hossein Mohaqeqi Kamal ◽  
Mehdi Basakha ◽  
Gholamreza Ghaedamini Harouni ◽  
Sara Makki Alamdari ◽  
Sajjad Sajjadi
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Homeless Men

scholarly journals Association of Problematic Alcohol Use and Food Insecurity among Homeless Men and Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine R. Reitzel ◽  
Surya Chinamuthevi ◽  
Sajeevika S. Daundasekara ◽  
Daphne C. Hernandez ◽  
Tzu-An Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Homeless Adults ◽  
Problematic Alcohol ◽  
Problematic Alcohol Use

Food insecurity results from unreliable access to affordable and nutritious food. Homeless adults are particularly vulnerable to both food insecurity and problematic alcohol use. The current study examined the link between problematic alcohol use and food insecurity among homeless adults. Participants (N = 528; 62.7% men; Mage = 43.6 ± 12.2) were recruited from homeless-serving agencies in Oklahoma City. Problematic alcohol use was measured using the Alcohol Quantity and Frequency Questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire. The latter used DSM-IV diagnostic criteria to assess probable alcohol use dependence/abuse. Heavy drinking was considered >7 drinks (women) and >14 drinks (men) per week. Food insecurity was measured with the USDA Food Security Scale-Short Form. The link between alcohol problems and food insecurity was examined with logistic regression analyses controlling for sex, age, education, income, and months homeless. Overall, 28.4% of the sample had probable alcohol dependence, 25% were heavy drinkers, and 78.4% were food insecure. Probable alcohol dependence and heavy drinking were correlated at 0.53 (p < 0.001). Results indicated that heavy drinking (OR = 2.12, CI.95 = 1.21, 3.73) and probable alcohol dependence/abuse (OR = 2.72, CI.95 = 1.55, 4.77) were each associated with increased odds of food insecurity. Food insecurity and problematic alcohol use are major issues among homeless populations; this study suggests they are associated. Future research is needed to shed light on potential causal mechanisms and on whether alcohol may take precedence over eating or food purchases.

scholarly journals 3376 Super Bingers: Traits and Patterns Associated with High-Intensity Drinking

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 154-155
Author(s):  
James Keoni Morris ◽  
Julia E. Swan ◽  
Josh L. Gowin ◽  
Melanie L. Schwandt ◽  
Nancy Diazgranados ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Timeline Followback ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Level 2

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: This study attempts to evaluate the drinking patterns and traits of individuals who partake in high intensity drinking, defined as binge drinking at 2 or more times the minimum binge count (4 drinks for females, 5 drinks for males). METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We analyzed data from non-treatment seeking volunteers enrolled in NIAAA screening protocols. The sample included 706 males and 474 females ranging in age from 18 to 91. Subjects were assigned to one of four groups (Non-Binge, Level 1, Level 2, Level 3) based on the highest binge session reported in their Timeline Followback questionnaire. The criteria for each group were different for males and females based on the current NIAAA definitions of binge drinking. The cutoffs for females were 0-3 drinks for Non-Binge, 4-7 drinks for Level 1, 8-11 drinks for Level 2, and 12+ drinks for Level 3. The male drink cutoffs were 0-4, 5-9, 10-14, and 15+ respectively. We looked at various drinking measures (Timeline Followback, Self-Reported Effects of Alcohol (SRE), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)) and trait measures (UPPS-P Impulsivity Scale, Barratt’s Impulsiveness Scale, Buss Perry Aggression Questionnaire) to identify mean differences between groups. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: There were significant differences in drinking patterns between the groups for both males and females. Number of drinking days, average drinks per drinking day, and number of heavy drinking days all increased as binge level increased. There were also significant differences between groups in males for trait measures. Level 2 and Level 3 bingers scored significantly higher on impulsivity and aggression than the Level 1 and Non-Binge groups. Ongoing analyses are examining differences among binge groups on other measures including SRE and AUDIT. Future analyses will explore potential mechanisms underlying the relationships between trait measures and binge drinking using structural equation modeling. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: This study found significant differences between high-intensity drinkers, or “super bingers”, and lighter binge and non-binge drinkers. Super bingers showed an overall heavier drinking pattern across measures. The elevated aggression, impulsivity, and overall heavy drinking patterns of super bingers suggest a behavioral profile that makes this group in particular at higher risk for developing alcohol use disorder and related problems. These traits and behaviors may also help identify targets for treatment interventions for alcohol use disorder.

Risk and protective profile of tobacco and alcohol use among Iranian adolescents: a population- based study

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam Baheiraei ◽  
Farzaneh Soltani ◽  
Abbas Ebadi ◽  
Abbas Rahimi Foroushani ◽  
Mohammad Ali Cheraghi
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study

Abstract Background: Identification of risk and protective factors is of great importance in designing preventive and interventional programs. The aim of the present study has been to investigate peer/individual, family, school, and community risk and protective factors as predictors of tobacco and alcohol use among Iranian adolescents. Methods: In a cross-sectional population-based study, 870 Iranian adolescents aged 15–18 years old, filled out the adopted form of “Communities That Care Youth Survey”. Thirty-two risk and protective factors were entered in adjusted logistic regression analyses to predict the lifetime cigarette and alcohol use. Results: Sixteen risk and seven protective factors predicted both lifetime cigarette and alcohol use in the bivariate logistic regression analysis. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis 12 risk factors including friends’ use of drugs, interaction with antisocial peers, sensation seeking, intention to use, perceived risks of drug use, family history of drug use, poor family management, parental attitudes favorable toward drug use, family conflict, academic failure, school low commitment, perceived availability of drugs predicted both lifetime cigarette and alcohol use as well as four protective factors including religiosity, self-esteem, family rewards for prosocial involvement, and school rewards for prosocial involvement. The highest OR were related to the risk factor of “Rewards for antisocial involvement” [3.9(1.5–10)], and protective factor of “Religiosity” [0.1(0.1–0.3)]. Conclusion: The present study has produced evidences about risk and protective factors related to adolescents substance use and can help designing and implementing of preventive interventions for maintaining and promoting adolescents health.

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