scholarly journals Circulating MicroRNAs predict glycemic improvement and response to a behavioral intervention

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Flowers ◽  
Isabel Elaine Allen ◽  
Alka M. Kanaya ◽  
Bradley E. Aouizerat
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Circulating Micrornas

Abstract Background MicroRNAs may be important regulators of risk for type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this longitudinal observational study was to assess whether circulating microRNAs predicted improvements in fasting blood glucose, a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes, over 12 months. Methods The study included participants (n = 82) from a previously completed trial that tested the effect of restorative yoga on individuals with prediabetes. Circulating microRNAs were measured using a flow cytometry miRNA assay. Linear models were used to determine the optimal sets of microRNA predictors overall and by intervention group. Results Subsets of microRNAs were significant predictors of final fasting blood glucose after 12-months (R2 = 0.754, p < 0.001) and changes in fasting blood glucose over 12-months (R2 = 0.731, p < 0.001). Three microRNAs (let-7c, miR-363, miR-374b) were significant for the control group only, however there was no significant interaction by intervention group. Conclusions Circulating microRNAs are significant predictors of fasting blood glucose in individuals with prediabetes. Among the identified microRNAs, several have previously been associated with risk for type 2 diabetes. This is one of the first studies to use a longitudinal design to assess whether microRNAs predict changes in fasting blood glucose over time. Further exploration of the function of the microRNAs included in these models may provide new insights about the complex etiology of type 2 diabetes and responses to behavioral risk reduction interventions. Trial registration This study was a secondary analysis of a previously completed clinical trial that is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01024816) on December 3, 2009.

scholarly journals Effects of an Outpatient Diabetes Self-Management Education on Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in China: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Zheng ◽  
Suixin Liu ◽  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Lihua Deng
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetes Education ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Control Group

Objective. This study is aimed at assessing the effectiveness of a simple outpatient diabetes self-management education programme. Methods. In the study, 60 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly allocated into the control group (n=30) and intervention group (n=30). Regular and 2-session health education programmes were provided. The summary of diabetes self-care activity measure, problem areas in the diabetes scale, fasting blood glucose, postprandial 2 h blood glucose, and HbA1c were measured before and after the intervention to assess the effects of this 2-session diabetes education programme. Results. The total mean score of the summary of diabetes self-care activities measure was 17.60±6.63 points. The problem areas in the diabetes scale revealed that the total mean score was 29.82±15.22 points; 27% of the patients had diabetes-related distress, while 9% suffered from severe emotional distress. Compared with the control group, scores of the summary of diabetes self-care activities measure and problem areas in the diabetes scale, fasting blood glucose, postprandial 2 h blood glucose, and HbA1c were significantly improved in the intervention group after the intervention (P<0.01). Conclusion. This study showed that the 2-session diabetes education programme could effectively improve the level of self-reported self-management, psychological distress, and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals High Fiber Caribbean Diets with Low-Intermediate GI Improve Glycemic Control, Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Indicators in Overweight Persons with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Control Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perceval Singh ◽  
Cliff K Riley ◽  
Andrew Wheatley ◽  
Michael Boyne ◽  
Errol Morrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Hs Crp

This study focused on the effect of consumption of indigenous Caribbean foods with low and intermediate glycemic index (GI) high fiber contents on glycated haemoglobin (A1c), insulin, fasting blood glucose, homocysteine (tHCY), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), HOMA-IR and lipoprotein profile levels in overweight persons with type 2 diabetes. The methodology followed a randomized controlled parallel design, which compared two dietary treatment modalities in adult Jamaicans who were overweight and diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (mean age 42.5 ± 2.0 years, 55% females, mean A1c 9.30 ± 0.56%) over six months. The intervention group (n=32) underlined the consumption of low-intermediate-GI foods, whereas the control group (n = 33) were not so advised and consumed a high-GI diet. Attempts were made to ensure that both groups were isocaloric with 45-50% of energy from carbohydrates. Consumption of low-intermediate GI foods resulted in significant reductions (p<0.005) in A1C compared to participants who consumed high GI foods (-0.84 ± 0.26 vs. -0.35 ± 0.04%), hs-CRP (-0.52 ± 0.17 vs. -0.17 ± 0.31 mg/dL) and tHCY (-1.32 ± 0.39 vs. -0.59 ± 0.38 µmol/L). Insulin sensitivity, HDL-C and triglycerides significantly improved in participants who consumed the low-intermediate-GI diet. The data strengthen the metabolic benefits of meal plans that emphasize the consumption of low and intermediate GI high fiber foods, particularly, indigenous Caribbean complex starchy foods.

scholarly journals Effects of Fasting-Mimicking Diet and Specific Meal Replacement Foods on Blood Glucose Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fang Tang ◽  
Xuan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meal Replacement ◽  
Experimental Group

Type 2 diabetes represents a serious societal health problem due to the vulnerability to cardiovascular events. Diet therapy is the most basic treatment for type 2 diabetes. The present study was conducted to study the effect of a fasting-mimicking diet and specific meal replacement foods on blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Our study included 100 patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent a physical examination which were enrolled and randomly assigned as 50 patients each to the test group (with low energy-specific meal replacement meals during a fasting-mimicking diet) and the control group (with specific meal replacement foods given normal adult doses). After 4 months, efficacy indicators which were fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial venous blood glucose, and glycosylated haemoglobin of the experimental group were all lower than those of the control group ( P < 0.05 ); observation indicators that include body mass index, waist circumference, blood lipids (triglyceride, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein), and blood pressure levels were all lower than the control group, and high-density lipoprotein levels were all higher than the control group (all P < 0.05 ). Both groups of fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial venous blood glucose, and blood pressure had a relatively stable downward trend, but the experimental group had a more significant decline. In conclusion, the study revealed that a fasting-mimicking diet and specific meal replacement foods can safely and effectively reduce weight and improve metabolic syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Health Education Based on Internet Platform for Improving Cognitive Function of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2920-2924
Author(s):  
Shuqing Jia ◽  
Linghua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Internet Platform

Objective : There is cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and the cognitive ability is related to self-management behavior. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of individualized health education based on internet platform in the cognitive function of patients with T2DM. Method : A total of 60 patients with T2DM were divided into control group and intervention group. The control group received regular diabetes knowledge education during hospitalization. The intervention group received further cognitive and behavioral intervention through internet platform after discharge. After six months of follow-up, the changes of fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 hours postprandial blood glucose (2hBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), cognitive function, self management of patients with T2DM were observed and compared between two groups. Result : Compared with the data before intervention, FBG, 2hBG and HbAlc of all patients were significantly reduced, and delayed memory score was significantly increased, especially in the intervention group. Compared with that before intervention, the scores of diet control, exercise compliance, drug compliance, monitoring compliance, foot care and smoking in the intervention group were significantly improved after intervention, and the improvement level was significantly higher than that in the control group. Conclusion: Health education based on internet platform can significantly reduce the blood glucose and HbA1c level of patients with T2DM, improve the level of self-management and cognitive function of T2DM patients, especially in the aspect of delayed memory, which is conducive to disease control and health recovery.

scholarly journals The Teach-Back Effect on Self-Efficacy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Marhamat Farahaninia ◽  
Tahere Sarboozi Hoseinabadi ◽  
Rasool Raznahan ◽  
Shima Haghani
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Training Procedure ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: Diabetes is a chronic, metabolic disease, which is commonly associated with increased blood glucose levels caused by impaired secretion or function of insulin. Therefore, daily blood glucose control, adherence to a dietary and pharmaceutical regimen, regular physical activity, and foot care are fundamental components of disease management. In order to optimize effective self-management, patients need to be trained. Teach-back is a method which aims to improve patients' understanding and perception of treatment regimens based on the interaction between patient and caregiver. AIM: This study was conducted to investigate the impact of the teach-back method on the effectiveness of self-management in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS: A total of 74 patients with T2D were included in the study by convenience sampling at the Endocrine and Metabolism Clinic. The subjects were assigned to control or intervention group. Data collection was performed by using a demographic data form and a self-efficacy questionnaire that were provided to the patients before and 1 month after training. The patients in the intervention group received a 5-session training program using the teach-back method. The control group received only routine programs. One month after completion of the training sessions, the questionnaires were completed by the subjects in the 2 groups, and the data obtained were analyzed. RESULTS: In contrast to the control group, mean and standard deviation of self-efficacy were significantly higher in the intervention group one month after training by the teach-back method than before training. The two groups did not significantly differ regarding mean score of self-efficacy before training, but there was a significant difference one month after training: the mean score of self-efficacy in the intervention group was significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Teach-back is a training procedure aimed at improving patients' understanding of treatment regimens. This study showed that teach-back significantly improved patients' self-efficacy even over as short a period as one month. It may be interesting to study the long-term effects of this simple but effective training method.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of bromocriptine quick release as an add on therapy with metformin and glipizide in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: an open label randomized controlled study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 669
Author(s):  
Nithyapriya M. ◽  
S. Purushotaman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Quick Release ◽  
Type 2 Dm

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder, treated by insulin and oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHA). Despite treatment, to protect diabetic population from its complications is difficult. So, there is a need for an OHA with different mechanism of action and minimal side effects. Bromocriptine Mesylate QR (Quick release) formulation was approved by FDA for treatment of type 2 DM. Hence, this study was planned to highlight the usefulness of Bromocriptine QR in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: Total 140 patients with type 2 DM were randomized into two groups. The control group was treated with Metformin 500 mg BD (twice daily) and Glipizide 5 mg BD for a period of 3 months. The study group received Bromocriptine quick release 1.6 mg once daily, metformin 500 mg BD and Glipizide 5 mg BD for a period of 3 months. In both control and study groups, fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose was monitored at 0, 1st, 2nd and 3rd month. HbA1C was done at baseline and at the end of 3 months.Results: There was statistically significant decrease in fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose and HbA1C when compared to baseline in both control group (p <0.05) and study group (p <0.05) at the end of 3 months. But the decrease in FBS, PPBS, HbA1C was higher in the study group (p=0.0001) than the control group (p=0.001).Conclusions: In type 2 DM patients, Bromocriptine QR, combined with metformin and Glipizide reduced fasting and postprandial blood glucose and HbA1C significantly compared to metformin and glipizide alone.

scholarly journals Meta-Analysis of the Therapeutic Effect of Shenqi Jiangtang Granule on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Ruo-Lan Li ◽  
Tai-Wei Dong ◽  
Ji-Gang Wei ◽  
Feng Gao ◽  
Min Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Search Time ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Better Than

Objective. To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of Shenqi Jiangtang granule (SQJT) in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Methods. We searched CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, and PubMed databases to collect randomized controlled trials (RCT) of Shenqi Jiangtang granules in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The search time was from January 2014 to the present. Data were extracted, and quality was evaluated. Metadata analysis of the extracted data was carried out using RevMa5.2 software. The final results are expressed in relative risk (RR), mean difference (MD), and 95% CI. Results. This study included a total of 13 studies, 1160 subjects. Meta-analysis results showed that the test group was better than the control group (RR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.18–1.34, P < 0.00001 ). The fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, and glycated hemoglobin of the test group were also significantly better than those of the control group. Conclusion. Shenqi Jiangtang granules have a certain clinical effect and low adverse reaction rate for the treatment or adjuvant treatment of type 2 diabetes. At present, the drug has been widely used in clinical practice, but a large number of large-sample clinical trials are needed to further verify its specific efficacy and safety.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of the “Create Sensitivity” Caring Model on Blood Glucose/ Glycosylated Hemoglobin and Quality of Life in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davood Hekmatpou ◽  
Ali Poorgharahkhan ◽  
Mahbobeh Sajjadi ◽  
Amir Javaheri
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective:This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the “Create Sensitivity” caring model on blood glucose/ glycosylated hemoglobin and quality of life in patients with type 2 Diabetes.Methods:This study enrolled 70 patients from an educational hospital in Kurdistan, Iran. The model was implemented among the test group over a period of 3 months. Blood glucose/ glycosylated hemoglobin and patients’ quality of life were measured before and after intervention. Data were analyzed using version 21 of the statistical software SPSS.Results:After the intervention, significant differences existed between the test and control groups both in blood glucose levels (means, 146.4 ± 51.3 mg/dl and 175.6 ± 59.8 mg/dl, respectively;P=0.032) and in glycosylated hemoglobin (means, 67.89 ± 13.34 mmol/mol and 80.03 ± 17.234 mmol/mol, respectively;P= 0.002). Additionally, there was also a significant difference between the quality of life of the patients in test group (mean, 58.25 ± 5.3) and that in the control group (mean, 47.02 ± 4.5) (P= 0.0001).Conclusion:Use of this model was associated with reducing fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin and increasing the total mean of quality of life in the patients in the test group. So, the application of this model is recommended.

scholarly journals The effect of family-centered care on adherence to treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
pp. 161-171
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Family Centered Care ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
The Family ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
Family Centered

Background and Aim: The family can play an important role in adapting patients with diabetes to lifestyle changes, so that the family, as the most essential pillar of society, is responsible for the proper care of the patient with diabetes; Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of family-centered care on the adherence to treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 80 patients with type 2 diabetes and one member of their family were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to two of intervention and control groups. Adherence to treatment was assessed using a researcher-made questionnaire and laboratory values before and 3 months after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Independent t-test, paired t-test, and Chi-square test. Results: After the implementation of the family-centered care program, increased mean scores for patient adherence to treatment in the intervention group compared to the control group, this increase was statistically significant (p=0.0001). The results showed a decrease in the mean score of fasting blood glucose, random blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in the intervention group compared to the control group. This decrease was statistically significant (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: Family-centered care can increase adherence to treatment, and decrease fasting blood glucose, random blood glucose and hemoglobin glycosylated levels. Therefore, it is recommended that family pay more attention to diabetic members. Key Words: Adherence to Treatment; Blood glucose; Family-Centered Nursing; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

scholarly journals INSULIN RESISTANCE IN PATIENTS WITH PANCREATIC AND COLORECTAL CANCER DIAGNOSED AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
T. S. Vatseba
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract. The aim of the study was to investigate insulin resistance in patients with pancreatic and colorectal cancer diagnosed in people with type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods. 64 patients were examined. They were divided into the following groups: group I – healthy people (control group) (n = 16); group II – patients with type 2 diabetes without cancer (n = 28); group IIIa – patients with type 2 diabetes with pancreatic cancer (n = 10), group IIIb – patients with type 2 diabetes with colorectal cancer (n = 10). The study involved patients from specialized departments of the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Hospital and the Precarpathian Clinical Oncology Center. Blood insulin levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, using Insulin ELISA diagnostic kits, EIA-2935. Fasting blood glucose was determined by glucose oxidase method. Compensation for diabetes was assessed by the level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and determined by ion exchange chromatography. Data analysis was performed using Statistica 12.0 (StatSoft Inc., USA). Differences between the values in the comparison groups were determined by Student’s t-test and were considered significant at P < 0.05. Results. Patients with type 2 diabetes who were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer or colorectal cancer were older, compared with patients with type 2 diabetes without cancer (P < 0.05). Obesity was diagnosed in patients with colorectal cancer of group IIIb, their BMI was higher in comparison with patients of group IIIa who suffered from pancreatic cancer (P < 0.05). BMI in patients of group IIIa was lower than in control group (P < 0.05), in patients of group II (P < 0.05) and in patients of group IIIb with colorectal cancer (P < 0.05). Compared with patients of group II, patients with pancreatic and colorectal cancer had significantly lower insulin levels (P < 0.05), but significantly higher fasting blood glucose levels (P < 0.05). Insulin resistance according to the HOMA-IR index (> 3.0) was detected in both types of cancer. The HOMA-IR index in patients with pancreatic cancer was significantly lower than in patients of group II (P < 0.05). The level of HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes without cancer and in patients with cancer diagnosed on the background of diabetes did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). Prior to cancer detection, the same number of patients (50.0%) received metformin-free therapy in both the pancreatic cancer group and the colorectal cancer group. However, the duration of diabetes in patients with pancreatic cancer was 2.90 ± 2.60 years and was significantly shorter than in patients with colorectal cancer 9.70 ± 5.66 (P < 0.05). 80.0% of patients in group IIIa had a history of diabetes less than 5 years, and 80.0% of patients in group IIIb – more than 5 years. Conclusions: 1.In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with pancreatic cancer, as well as in patients with colorectal cancer, insulin resistance was detected by the HOMA-IR index, which depended on the combined effect of insulin and hyperglycemia in patients with colorectal cancer and on the fasting blood glucose in patients with pancreatic cancer. 2. The absence of hyperinsulinemia, the short duration of type 2 diabetes in patients with pancreatic cancer may be indirect evidence of cancer induced pancreatogenic diabetes (T3cDM) in the majority of patients of this group. For elderly patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus without obesity, without hyperinsulinemia, screening for pancreatic cancer is recommended.

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