scholarly journals Additively manufactured nano-mechanical energy harvesting systems: advancements, potential applications, challenges and future perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar Ahmed ◽  
Ali Azam ◽  
Yanen Wang ◽  
Zutao Zhang ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Optimal Strategies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Energy Scavenging ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
The Usa

AbstractAdditively manufactured nano-MEH systems are widely used to harvest energy from renewable and sustainable energy sources such as wind, ocean, sunlight, raindrops, and ambient vibrations. A comprehensive study focusing on in-depth technology evolution, applications, problems, and future trends of specifically 3D printed nano-MEH systems with an energy point of view is rarely conducted. Therefore, this paper looks into the state-of-the-art technologies, energy harvesting sources/methods, performance, implementations, emerging applications, potential challenges, and future perspectives of additively manufactured nano-mechanical energy harvesting (3DP-NMEH) systems. The prevailing challenges concerning renewable energy harvesting capacities, optimal energy scavenging, power management, material functionalization, sustainable prototyping strategies, new materials, commercialization, and hybridization are discussed. A novel solution is proposed for renewable energy generation and medicinal purposes based on the sustainable utilization of recyclable municipal and medical waste generated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, recommendations for future research are presented concerning the cutting-edge issues hurdling the optimal exploitation of renewable energy resources through NMEHs. China and the USA are the most significant leading forces in enhancing 3DP-NMEH technology, with more than 75% contributions collectively. The reported output energy capacities of additively manufactured nano-MEH systems were 0.5–32 mW, 0.0002–45.6 mW, and 0.3–4.67 mW for electromagnetic, piezoelectric, and triboelectric nanogenerators, respectively. The optimal strategies and techniques to enhance these energy capacities are compiled in this paper. Graphical Abstract

scholarly journals Electro-Active Paper as a Flexible Mechanical Sensor, Actuator and Energy Harvesting Transducer: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asif Khan ◽  
Faisal Raza Khan ◽  
Heung Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Vibration Sensor ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Energy Scavenging ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Bending Actuator

Electro-active paper (EAPap) is a cellulose-based smart material that has shown promising results in a variety of smart applications (e.g., vibration sensor, piezo-speaker, bending actuator) with the merits of being flexible, lightweight, fracture tolerant, biodegradable, naturally abundant, cheap, biocompatible, and with the ability to form hybrid nanocomposites. This paper presents a review of the characterization and application of EAPap as a flexible mechanical vibration/strain sensor, bending actuator, and vibration energy harvester. The working mechanism of EAPap is explained along with the various parameters and factors that influence the sensing, actuation, and energy harvesting capabilities of EAPap. Although the piezoelectricity of EAPap is comparable to that of commercially available polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), EAPap has the preferable merits in terms of natural abundance and ample capacity of chemical modification. The article would provide guidelines for the characterization and application of EAPap in mechanical sensing, actuation, and vibration energy scavenging, along with the possible limitations and future research prospects.

scholarly journals Simulation-based design of solar photovoltaic energy generation system for manufacturing support

2020 ◽  
pp. 161-161
Author(s):  
Milana Medojevic ◽  
Milovan Medojevic ◽  
Villar Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Detailed Simulation

Having in mind that energy is being regarded as indispensable to the socio-economic progress of developing and developed nations, where the main objective implies replacement and reduction of a major portion of the fossil fuels utilization, implementation of renewable energy technologies where natural phenomena are transformed into beneficial types of energy are becoming more and more appreciated and needed. Among renewable energy resources we know today, solar energy is the most beneficial, relatively limitless, effective, and dependable. Having this in mind, the aim of this paper is primarily to help key decision-makers understand the process when considering integration of solar energy to meet their own manufacturing energy needs, or how it is called today, to become ?prosumers?. Given the aforementioned, this paper provides an overview of detailed simulation methodology for Photovoltaic (PV) system sizing and design for metal-forming manufacturing system energy needs. The simulation is based on NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) photovoltaic performance model which combines module and inverter sub-models with supplementary code to calculate a photovoltaic power system?s hourly AC output is given a weather file and data describing the physical characteristics of the module, inverter, and array. Furthermore, the characteristic losses are calculated and presented for a fixed array PV system and illustratively given in the form of a Sankey diagram. A variety of graphical data representations are available while the most important ones are given in the study. Lastly, future research topics were filtered and briefly summarized.

scholarly journals Eco-Friendly Education Facilities: The Case of a Public Education Building in South Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1733
Author(s):  
Eunil Park ◽  
Angel del Pobil
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Production

Since the importance and effects of national energy policies, plans, and roadmaps were presented in South Korea, the role of renewable energy resources has received great attention. Moreover, as there is significant reasoning for reducing and minimizing nuclear and fossil fuel usage in South Korean national energy plans, several academic scholars and implementers have expended significant effort to present the potential and feasibility of renewable energy resources in South Korea. This study contributes to these efforts by presenting potential sustainable configurations of renewable energy production facilities for a public building in South Korea. Based on economic, environmental, and technical information as well as the presented simulation results, it proposes an environmentally friendly renewable energy production facility configuration that consists of photovoltaic arrays, battery units, and a converter. Subsidies for installing and renovating such facilities are also considered. The potential configuration indicates $0.464 as the cost of energy, 100% of which is renewable. Potential limitations and future research areas are suggested based on the results of these simulations.

scholarly journals Hybrid Triboelectric-Electromagnetic Nanogenerators for Mechanical Energy Harvesting: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
João V. Vidal ◽  
Vladislav Slabov ◽  
Andrei L. Kholkin ◽  
Marco P. Soares dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Transduction Mechanisms

AbstractMotion-driven electromagnetic-triboelectric energy generators (E-TENGs) hold a great potential to provide higher voltages, higher currents and wider operating bandwidths than both electromagnetic and triboelectric generators standing alone. Therefore, they are promising solutions to autonomously supply a broad range of highly sophisticated devices. This paper provides a thorough review focused on major recent breakthroughs in the area of electromagnetic-triboelectric vibrational energy harvesting. A detailed analysis was conducted on various architectures including rotational, pendulum, linear, sliding, cantilever, flexible blade, multidimensional and magnetoelectric, and the following hybrid technologies. They enable highly efficient ways to harvest electric energy from many forms of vibrational, rotational, biomechanical, wave, wind and thermal sources, among others. Open-circuit voltages up to 75 V, short-circuit currents up to 60 mA and instantaneous power up to 144 mW were already achieved by these nanogenerators. Their transduction mechanisms, including proposed models to make intelligible the involved physical phenomena, are also overviewed here. A comprehensive analysis was performed to compare their respective construction designs, external excitations and electric outputs. The results highlight the potential of hybrid E-TENGs to convert unused mechanical motion into electric energy for both large- and small-scale applications. Finally, this paper proposes future research directions toward optimization of energy conversion efficiency, power management, durability and stability, packaging, energy storage, operation input, research of transduction mechanisms, quantitative standardization, system integration, miniaturization and multi-energy hybrid cells.

Flash Drought Research: Growth, Challenges and Future Perspectives 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akif Rahim ◽  
Yannis Markonis
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Drought Event ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Usa

<p>Over the past decades, the evolution of the “flash drought” concept has offered new insights in the analysis of extreme climate. Rapid development and devastating effects on the ecosystem have made flash droughts different from the traditional drought. For example, the flash drought event of 2012 across the Great Plains in the USA caused an agricultural loss of $30 billion. In this study, we reviewed the progress and determined the growth rate of flash drought research over the past decades. Furthermore, we compiled the challenges addressed by the researchers and then presented the future perspectives to cope with these challenges. We used the Scopus database as a search engine to track articles published from 2000 to 2020. The association technique of clustering s applied to the author’s keywords and research titles to identify the hot spots of flash drought research. The results show that the literature on flash droughts has grown rapidly over the past decade. The main identified challenges are the appropriate definition and identification of flash drought, the development of an effective early warning system, the determination of the ecosystem response time to flash droughts, and the data scarcity in both spatial and temporal scales. Future research should establish a detailed framework to integrate each of the challenges and provide mitigation suggestions to the effects of flash drought.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Biofuel regulations in the USA and the EU

2014 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Orsolya Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Europe 2020 ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Oil Embargo

Climate change, the increasing dependency on crude oil and other fossile fuels, the expanding import and the increasing energy costs make the world’s societies and its economies vulnerable.  The development of effective renewable energy resources has been a priority for the US since the first oil embargo. While there was only little progress for around two decades, biofuel use and production has been showing a rapidly increasing tendency since the mid 90’s.  The EU’s objective of renewable energy resources is one of the main priorities of the Europe 2020 strategy. The European Union aims to increase the share of energy produced from renewable resources in the whole energy supply and by 10% in the transport-related energy supply by 20% until 2020.  The renewable energy sector is the only one which is able to reduce GHG emission and pollution while utilising local energy resources and stimulating cutting edge industrial sectors; therefore, it is indispensable to develop a proper framework and regulation for supporting renewable energies.

scholarly journals Recent work and prospective analysis on offshore structures and marine energy harvesting at the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto

2021 ◽  
Vol 1201 (1) ◽  
pp. 012043
Author(s):  
F Taveira-Pinto ◽  
P Rosa-Santos ◽  
T. Fazeres-Ferradosa
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Marine Renewable Energy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Energy Group ◽  
Marine Energy ◽  
The University ◽  
Offshore Oil

Abstract Marine energy harvesting and offshore structures for marine renewable energy exploitation rise as a trending topic of both research and industrial activities. However, many challenges are yet to be tackled and solved when it comes to place such equipment and structures at sea. Over the past years the Marine Energy Group at FEUP has been tackling some of those challenges aiming at a better competitiveness of marine renewable energy in comparison to traditional oil & gas sector, which is more mature and developed at this point in time. Additionally, recent findings of this research team have also been applicable to several offshore oil & gas infrastructures. In this work, the latest contributions, projects and research outcomes developed by the team are reviewed and presented towards the enhancement of future research lines and industrial opportunities.

scholarly journals Gasification of Oil Palm Shells and Empty Fruit Bunches to Produce Gas Fuel

2020 ◽  
Vol 849 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Agus Aktawan ◽  
Maryudi ◽  
Siti Salamah ◽  
Erna Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Release Time ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Gas Fuel ◽  
Gasification Technology

National energy needs have been met by non-renewable energy resources, such as natural gas, petroleum, coal and so on. However, non-renewable energy reserves are depleting and there will be an energy crisis. Conversion of biomass into energy is one solution to overcome this. Indonesia, with its biodiversity, has enormous biomass potential, especially from oil palm plantations and also sugar cane plantations. From the oil palm plantation point of view, oil palm shells and oil palm empty fruit bunches are side products. These wastes can be treated with gasification technology to produce gas fuel. The gasification tool model used in this study is a downdraft gasifier equipped with a cyclone to separate gases with solids or liquids resulting from the gasification process. The results of the gasification process show that the more feeds are introduced, the more syngas is produced during the gasification process. The more feeds, the longer the syngas release time. The two variables have a correlation, that is, between the weight of syngas and the time for syngas removal to increase in line with the addition of the amount of feed entered. Syngas analysis of oil palm empty fruit bunches contains 4.959% H2 and 5.759% CO. Whereas the analysis of syngas of oil palm shells contained 2.524% H2, 6.391% CO, and 0.895% CH4.

scholarly journals Overview of Modelling and Control Strategies for Wind Turbines and Hydroelectric Systems: Comparisons and Contrasts

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Simani ◽  
Stefano Alvisi ◽  
Mauro Venturini
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Control Technologies ◽  
And Control

Increasingly, there is a focus on utilising renewable energy resources in a bid to fulfil increasing energy requirements and mitigate the climate change impacts of fossil fuels. While most renewable resources are free, the technology used to usefully convert such resources is not and there is an increasing focus on improving the conversion economy and efficiency. To this end, advanced control technologies can have a significant impact and is already a relatively mature technology for wind turbines. Though hydroelectric plants can use simple regulation systems, significant benefits have been shown to accrue from the appropriate use of the same control methods designed for wind turbine plants. This represents the key point of the paper. In fact, to date, the application communities connected with wind and hydraulic energies have had little communication, resulting in little cross fertilisation of control ideas and experience, particularly from the more mature wind area to hydrodynamic systems. Therefore, this paper examines the models and the application of control technology across both domains, both from a comparative and contrasting point of view, with the aim of identifying commonalities in models and control objectives, as well as potential solutions. Key comparative reference points include the articulation of the exployed models, specification of control objectives, development of high--fidelity simulators, and development of solution concepts. Not least, in terms of realistic system requirements are the set of physical and constraints under which such renewable energy systems must operate, and the need to provide reliable and robust control solutions, which respect the often remote and relatively inaccessible location of many onshore and offshore deployments.

Renewable Energy Resources for Better Economics and Sustainable Living in Rural and Desert Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1165-1171
Author(s):  
Karl Gatterer ◽  
◽  
Salah Arafa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
Sustainable Living ◽  
Sustainable Community Development ◽  
Access To Knowledge

Reliable and affordable energy is the key for the socio-economic development in rural and desert communities worldwide. While energy can be used for consumption purposes such as Lighting, Access to Information, Comfort and Entertainment, productive use of renewable energy is the key enabler for SMEs and Economy to grow. The paper examines the complex interactions among Energy, Materials, Water, Food, Building, Employment and Environment. It also discusses the implementation of renewable energy technologies to overcome some of barriers faced by rural villages and desert communities. It shows some of the special applications and approaches used over the past few decades in energy conversion, consumption and conservation to achieve poverty reduction, social justice and sustainable development. Field experiences in Basaisa projects, Egypt showed that open free dialogues with all stakeholders, site-specific education and training, appropriate local financing systems and access to knowledge are key-elements and essential factors for achieving green economy and sustainable community development. The coming decade will see a continued expansion of knowledge about renewable energy resources and its useful applications as systems friendly to the environment and as tools for economic activities, sustainable living and growth in rural and desert communities.

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