Flash Drought Research: Growth, Challenges and Future Perspectives 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akif Rahim ◽  
Yannis Markonis
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Drought Event ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Usa

<p>Over the past decades, the evolution of the “flash drought” concept has offered new insights in the analysis of extreme climate. Rapid development and devastating effects on the ecosystem have made flash droughts different from the traditional drought. For example, the flash drought event of 2012 across the Great Plains in the USA caused an agricultural loss of $30 billion. In this study, we reviewed the progress and determined the growth rate of flash drought research over the past decades. Furthermore, we compiled the challenges addressed by the researchers and then presented the future perspectives to cope with these challenges. We used the Scopus database as a search engine to track articles published from 2000 to 2020. The association technique of clustering s applied to the author’s keywords and research titles to identify the hot spots of flash drought research. The results show that the literature on flash droughts has grown rapidly over the past decade. The main identified challenges are the appropriate definition and identification of flash drought, the development of an effective early warning system, the determination of the ecosystem response time to flash droughts, and the data scarcity in both spatial and temporal scales. Future research should establish a detailed framework to integrate each of the challenges and provide mitigation suggestions to the effects of flash drought.</p><p> </p>

Engagement, inclusion, knowledge sharing, and talent development: is reverse mentoring a panacea to all? Findings from literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanghamitra Chaudhuri ◽  
Sunyoung Park ◽  
Karen R. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
English Summary ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
The Usa

Purpose The purpose of this study is to systematically review the practice of reverse mentoring and draw a timeline of the research over the past two decades. Considering the novelty of this intervention, this paper proposed an agenda for future research on this burgeoning topic. Design/methodology/approach By adopting narrative literature review and Gregory and Denniss’ (2018) four-step process, this paper reviewed 54 studies grounded in conceptual, literature review and empirical research published between 1998 and 2020. Findings The articles included in the literature review on reverse mentoring research were summarized according to journal publications, research methodologies, contextual settings, theoretical framework, purpose and outcomes. Reverse mentoring studies are dominantly published in educational journals using primarily qualitative and conceptual approaches to explore both academic and business contexts within the USA and Europe. Theories frequently used to frame and examine the need of reverse mentoring included social exchange theory and leader-member exchange theory. The fundamental purpose of reverse mentoring research is to transfer knowledge and to bridge the technology divide between intergenerational groups. Reverse mentoring has been used to promote inclusivity between multiple generations in relation to gender, ethnicity and culture. Originality/value As per the knowledge, this is the first-ever comprehensive English summary of reverse mentoring research done in the past two decades. Findings from this research can be used to better understand reverse mentoring research trends and directions.

scholarly journals The trends of uveal melanoma research in the past two decades and future perspectives.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Ali Elubous ◽  
Ali Daoud Alebous ◽  
Hebah Ali Abous ◽  
Rawan Ali Elubous
Keyword(s):  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Genetic Mutations ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Clinical Biomarkers

Abstract PURPOSE Evaluation of the research trends in uveal melanoma in the past two decades.METHODS Data were extracted from the Web of Science database website. VOSviewer and Citespace software were used to analyze the retrieved data. RESULTS The leading country in terms of output and international collaboration is the United States. Research interest in genetic mutations, molecular pathways, and immunotherapy was remarkable in recent years. Most of the top ten journals are specialized in ophthalmology. In recent years the hotspots include future perspectives, BAB1 mutation, therapeutic target, and systematic reviews. The keywords with the strongest citation bursts are immunotherapy, outcome, and in situ hybridization. CONCLUSION The output of uveal melanoma research increased during the past two decades. Future research foci may include exploring different mutations role, immunotherapy, molecular alterations, and finding ideal clinical biomarkers.

Poison Centers: An Overview of the Past, Present, and Future

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-26
Author(s):  
Rose Ann Gould Soloway
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Poison Centers ◽  
Poison Prevention

Poison centers are the source of expert treatment advice for all types of poison exposures. For this reason, health care providers and consumers are encouraged to call poison centers immediately in case of a possible poison exposure. This allows for rapid evaluation of potential toxicity, determination of the need for treatment, follow-up to the conclusion of a patient's clinical course, and data collection which can be useful in identifying unsuspected poisons, directing future research, and identifying subjects for poison prevention efforts.

Mapping the Decadal (2009–2018) Research Landscape of Nanotoxicity: Insights from a Bibliometric Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1327-1337
Author(s):  
Xin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Imaging Diagnosis ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
The Past ◽  
Institutional Impact

Nanomaterials (NMs) have wide applications in industrial and household areas, and possibilities of exposure to NMs are increasing, prompting considerable concerns about safety issues related to them. This paper describes the research landscape of nanotoxicity over the past ten years by adopting bibliometric methods. Annual, regional, and institutional distributions, as well as regional/institutional impact of literature on nanotoxicity were analyzed. Both quantitative and citation-based analyses were carried out to reveal the research hotspots. Results showed that cytotoxicity was the most concerned issue in the application of NMs, especially in imaging, diagnosis, and therapy. There were also a large number of studies on ecotoxicity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, genotoxicity, inflammation, and reproductive toxicity caused by NMs. NMs such as Ag, Au, graphene-based materials (GBMs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), TiO2, SiO2, etc. were the most studied materials. Moreover, a growing number of both in vivo and in vitro studies involving NMs have been carried out in the past ten years. Mammalian models, such as mouse, human and rat, were the most studied models. A Sankey diagram between study types and experimental models showed that in vivo studies exceeded in vitro studies for some well-established animal models. Yet in-depth in vivo studies regarding interactions of NMs within human systems were still essential. With rapid development of nanotechnology, toxic and safety issues on NMs need to be addressed more specifically in future research.

scholarly journals Wearable Actuators: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Chen ◽  
Yiduo Yang ◽  
Mengjiao Li ◽  
Erdong Chen ◽  
Weilei Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Science ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Piezoelectric Actuators ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Electromagnetic Actuators ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Liquid Crystal Elastomers

The booming wearable market and recent advances in material science has led to the rapid development of the various wearable sensors, actuators, and devices that can be worn, embedded in fabric or accessories, or tattoos directly onto the skin. Wearable actuators, a subcategory of wearable technology, have attracted enormous interest from researchers in various disciplines and many wearable actuators and devices have been developed in the past few decades to assist and improve people's everyday lives. In this paper, we review the actuation mechanisms, structures, applications, and limitations of recently developed wearable actuators including pneumatic and hydraulic actuators, shape memory alloys and polymers, thermal and hygroscopic materials, dielectric elastomers, ionic and conducting polymers, piezoelectric actuators, electromagnetic actuators, liquid crystal elastomers, etc. Examples of the recent applications such as wearable soft robots, haptic devices, and personal thermal regulation textiles are highlighted. Finally, we point out the current bottleneck and suggest the prospective future research directions for wearable actuators.

scholarly journals Additively manufactured nano-mechanical energy harvesting systems: advancements, potential applications, challenges and future perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar Ahmed ◽  
Ali Azam ◽  
Yanen Wang ◽  
Zutao Zhang ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Optimal Strategies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Energy Scavenging ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
The Usa

AbstractAdditively manufactured nano-MEH systems are widely used to harvest energy from renewable and sustainable energy sources such as wind, ocean, sunlight, raindrops, and ambient vibrations. A comprehensive study focusing on in-depth technology evolution, applications, problems, and future trends of specifically 3D printed nano-MEH systems with an energy point of view is rarely conducted. Therefore, this paper looks into the state-of-the-art technologies, energy harvesting sources/methods, performance, implementations, emerging applications, potential challenges, and future perspectives of additively manufactured nano-mechanical energy harvesting (3DP-NMEH) systems. The prevailing challenges concerning renewable energy harvesting capacities, optimal energy scavenging, power management, material functionalization, sustainable prototyping strategies, new materials, commercialization, and hybridization are discussed. A novel solution is proposed for renewable energy generation and medicinal purposes based on the sustainable utilization of recyclable municipal and medical waste generated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, recommendations for future research are presented concerning the cutting-edge issues hurdling the optimal exploitation of renewable energy resources through NMEHs. China and the USA are the most significant leading forces in enhancing 3DP-NMEH technology, with more than 75% contributions collectively. The reported output energy capacities of additively manufactured nano-MEH systems were 0.5–32 mW, 0.0002–45.6 mW, and 0.3–4.67 mW for electromagnetic, piezoelectric, and triboelectric nanogenerators, respectively. The optimal strategies and techniques to enhance these energy capacities are compiled in this paper. Graphical Abstract

scholarly journals Past performance and future perspectives of burnout research

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. Schaufeli
Keyword(s):  
Human Services ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Past Performance ◽  
Cultural Perspectives ◽  
The Past ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Questions

After a brief introduction on the history of burnout, this article reviews the past performance of burnout research by answering ten key-questions: (1) How can burnout be assessed?; (2) Is burnout limited to the human services?; (3) Is burnout a mental disorder; (4) What is the prevalence of burnout?; (5) Is burnout a global phenomenon?; (6) Is burnout relevant for organisations; (7) What are the causes of burnout?; (8) What are the consequences of burnout?; (9) How can burnout be explained?; (10) Are burnout interventions effective? In the concluding section a future research agenda is drafted on the bases of the answers given to the previous questions. This agenda includes such issues as the measurement and conceptualisation of burnout, mild and severe forms of burnout, epidemiological and cross-cultural perspectives, organisational outcomes, longitudinal investigations, theoretical explanations, and interventions. Opsomming Na ’n kort inleiding oor die geskiedenis van uitbranding gee hierdie artikel ’n oorsig van vorige prestasie van navorsing ten opsigte van uitbranding deur tien sleutelvrae te beantwoord: (1) Hoe kan uitbranding bepaal word?; (2) Is uitbranding beperk tot die mens-dienste?; (3) Is uitbranding ’n geestesafwyking?; (4) Wat is die voorkoms van uitbranding?; (5) Is uitbranding ’n wêreldwye verskynsel?; (6) Is uitbranding relevant vir organisasies?; (7) Wat is die oorsake van uitbranding?; (8) Wat is die gevolge van uitbranding?; (9) Hoe kan uitbranding verklaar word?; (10) Is uitbrandingsingrepe effektief? In die gevolgtrekking word ’n toekomstige navorsingsagenda op grond van die antwoorde op die voorafgaande vrae opgestel. Hierdie agenda sluit aangeleenthede soos die meting en konseptualisering van uitbranding, matige en ernstige vorme van uitbranding, epidemiologiese en kruiskulturele perspektiewe, organisasie- uitkomste, longitudinale ondersoeke, teoretiese verklarings en intervensies in.

scholarly journals Application of Fe(VI) in abating contaminants in water: State of art and knowledge gaps

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuchang Wang ◽  
Binbin Shao ◽  
Junlian Qiao ◽  
Xiaohong Guan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Water State ◽  
Potential Formation ◽  
Oxidation Technology ◽  
Important Nodes

Abstract The past two decades have witnessed the rapid development and wide application of Fe(VI) in the field of water de-contamination because of its environmentally benign character. Fe(VI) has been mainly applied as a highly efficient oxidant/disinfectant for the selective elimination of contaminants. The in situ generated iron(III) (hydr)oxides with the function of adsorption/coagulation can further increase the removal of contaminants by Fe(VI) in some cases. Because of the limitations of Fe(VI) per se, various modified methods have been developed to improve the performance of Fe(VI) oxidation technology. Based on the published literature, this paper summarized the current views on the intrinsic properties of Fe(VI) with the emphasis on the self-decay mechanism of Fe(VI). The applications of Fe (VI) as a sole oxidant for decomposing organic contaminants rich in electron-donating moieties, as a bi-functional reagent (both oxidant and coagulant) for eliminating some special contaminants, and as a disinfectant for inactivating microorganisms were systematically summarized. Moreover, the difficulties in synthesizing and preserving Fe(VI), which limits the large-scale application of Fe (VI), and the potential formation of toxic byproducts during Fe(VI) application were presented. This paper also systematically reviewed the important nodes in developing methods to improve the performance of Fe(VI) as oxidant or disinfectant in the past two decades, and proposed the future research needs for the development of Fe(VI) technologies.

scholarly journals A Scientometric Analysis of Worldwide Intercropping Research Based on Web of Science Database between 1992 and 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2430
Author(s):  
Wen Lv ◽  
Xining Zhao ◽  
Pute Wu ◽  
Jialong Lv ◽  
Hailong He
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Status ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Number Of Citations ◽  
India And China

Intercropping has been practiced worldwide in both traditional and sustainable agriculture to feed the growing population. This study aims to analyze the research status and evolution of intercropping, to identify the influential authors, research centers, and articles, and to reveal the main research topics between 1992 and 2020 based on the Web of Science Core Collection database. The results show that the volume of publications in this field has increased rapidly over the past three decades. The analysis identifies the top three authors (i.e., Meine Van Noordwijk, Wenyu Yang, and Teja Tscharntke), top three contributing organizations (i.e., the World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF), the Chinese Academy of Science, and the INRA), and three most productive countries (i.e., the USA, India, and China). Co-occurrence analysis demonstrates that studies on intercropping can be divided into four clusters as centered by keywords of intercropping/maize, biodiversity/conservation, agroforestry, and carbon, respectively. Lal 2004 is the most influential study with the greatest number of citations and Agroforestry Systems is the most utilized journal. Perspectives on future studies were also given. This study helps researchers to clarify the current research status in the field of intercropping and put forward its future research.

scholarly journals Wearable Actuators: An Overview

Textiles ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-321
Author(s):  
Yu Chen ◽  
Yiduo Yang ◽  
Mengjiao Li ◽  
Erdong Chen ◽  
Weilei Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Science ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Piezoelectric Actuators ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Electromagnetic Actuators ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Liquid Crystal Elastomers

The booming wearable market and recent advances in material science has led to the rapid development of the various wearable sensors, actuators, and devices that can be worn, embedded in fabric, accessorized, or tattooed directly onto the skin. Wearable actuators, a subcategory of wearable technology, have attracted enormous interest from researchers in various disciplines and many wearable actuators and devices have been developed in the past few decades to assist and improve people’s everyday lives. In this paper, we review the actuation mechanisms, structures, applications, and limitations of recently developed wearable actuators including pneumatic and hydraulic actuators, shape memory alloys and polymers, thermal and hygroscopic materials, dielectric elastomers, ionic and conducting polymers, piezoelectric actuators, electromagnetic actuators, liquid crystal elastomers, etc. Examples of recent applications such as wearable soft robots, haptic devices, and personal thermal regulation textiles are highlighted. Finally, we point out the current bottleneck and suggest the prospective future research directions for wearable actuators.

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