scholarly journals A model of opinion and propagation structure polarization in social media

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafizh A. Prasetya ◽  
Tsuyoshi Murata
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Opinion Dynamics ◽  
Connection Strength ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
Formation Probability ◽  
The World ◽  
Echo Chambers ◽  
Political Landscapes ◽  
Synthetic Networks

AbstractThe issue of polarization in online social media has been gaining attention in recent years amid the changing political landscapes of many parts of the world. Several studies empirically observed the existence of echo chambers in online social media, stimulating a slew of works that tries to model the phenomenon via opinion modeling. Here, we propose a model of opinion dynamics centered around the notion that opinion changes are invoked by news exposure. Our model comes with parameters for opinions and connection strength which are updated through news propagation. We simulate the propagation of multiple news under the model in synthetic networks and observe the evolution of the model’s parameters and the propagation structure induced. Unlike previous models, our model successfully exhibited not only polarization of opinion, but also segregated propagation structure. By analyzing the results of our simulations, we found that the formation probability of echo chambers is primarily connected to the news polarization. However, it is also affected by intolerance to dissimilar opinions and how quickly individuals update their opinions. Through simulations on Twitter networks, we found that the behavior of the model is reproducible across different network structure and sizes.

scholarly journals Network structure and patterns of information diversity on Twitter

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Conan Shore ◽  
Jiye Baek ◽  
Chrysanthos Dellarocas
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
News Sources ◽  
Echo Chambers ◽  
Information Diversity

Social media have great potential to support diverse information sharing, but there is widespread concern that platforms like Twitter do not result in communication between those who hold contradictory viewpoints. Because users can choose whom to follow, prior research suggests that social media users exist in "echo chambers" or become polarized. We seek evidence of this in a complete cross section of hyperlinks posted on Twitter, using previously validated measures of the political slant of news sources to study information diversity. Contrary to prediction, we find that the average account posts links to more politically moderate news sources than the ones they receive in their own feed. However, members of a tiny network core do exhibit cross-sectional evidence of polarization and are responsible for the majority of tweets received overall due to their popularity and activity, which could explain the widespread perception of polarization on social media.

scholarly journals ECHO CHAMBERS DI DUNIA MAYA: TANTANGAN BARU KOMUNIKASI ANTAR UMAT BERAGAMA

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Yuangga Kurnia Yahya ◽  
Umi Mahmudah
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Communication Theory ◽  
Communication Behavior ◽  
Melting Pot ◽  
Counter Narrative ◽  
The World ◽  
Echo Chambers ◽  
And Function ◽  
Role And Function

This article tries to see a phenomenon called Echo Chambers through the perspective of Stella Ting-Toomey’s Intercultural Communication Theory. This study shows that the development of social media was also followed by the shadow of Echo Chambers. The tendency to isolate oneself and associate with those who understand one another will create separate spaces between one religion and another. As a result, communication which is an effort to eliminate the polarization of the differences between "Us" and "The Others" is precisely the way to form an exclusivism in cyberspace. Among the efforts to anticipate the emergence of a gap is to create melting-pot spaces in the real world. Counter narrative also needs to be built to open these exclusive barriers. Muslim scholars sought to introduce the importance of communication in achieving the harmony in community. Some Ulama have also explained the role and function of communication in achieving the goals of the ummah, as well as trying to provide an Islamic perspective regarding communication behavior. More important, is to create a person who is a wise, open user of social media and uses epoche in looking at the world outside.

scholarly journals Into the unknown of psychotherapy and online social media

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
Kyle MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Professional Relationships ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
Exponential Increase ◽  
The World ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Participant Observer

As psychotherapists we cannot avoid the significant impact and relevance of online social media to our thinking about relationships. This article discusses the world of online social media and its relationship to psychotherapy. The rise of and exponential increase in interactive online social media such as Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin and blogging have been collectively dubbed “Web 2.0.” This term refers to the fact that the internet has become a user-interactive space for relating and, as such, increasing numbers of people are starting and maintaining personal and professional relationships online. The article provides a brief introduction to these terms, relevant websites, and the different uses and applications of these sites. Some relevant research into the effects of the use of social media on mood and experiences of social relationships is also included. Research in this field supports the idea that our online relating is consistent with our offline behaviour. The article concludes with some guidelines based on being a “participant observer” and psychotherapist. Whakarāpopoto Kāre e taea e tātou e ngā kaiwhakaora hinengaro te karo i te paanga me te hāngai o te hapori pāpāho ipurangi ki tā tātou aronga atu ki te whakawhanaungatanga. E matapakihia ana e tēnei tuhinga te ao o te hapori pāpāho ipurangi me tōna pānga atu ki te whakaoranga hinengaro. Ko te aranga, ā, te pikinga ake hoki o te hapori kōmitimiti pāpāho ipurangi pēnei i a Matapuka (Facebook), Tiotio (Twitter), Honomai (Linkedin), me blogging kua tapaina katoahia ēnei ko “Paetuku tuarua.” E tohu ana tēnei kupu ki te meka kua riro te ipurangi ki tētahi ātea taumahitahi hai whakawhanaunga ā, nā tērā, ka rahi ake ngā tāngata e tīmata, e ū ana ki ngā mahi whakahoahoa ā-mahi, ā-whaiaro mā te ipurangi. He whakaaturanga poto tā tēnei tuhinga ki ngā kupu, ngā paetukutuku, me ngā tūmomo mahi katoa ā ēnei tauranga ipurangi. Kua whakaurua mai hoki ngā rangahau e hāngai ana ki te hua puta ake mai i ngā mahinga hapori pāpāho ki te whanonga me ngā wheako. Ko ngā rāngahau mai i tēnei āpure e tautoko ana i te ariā e rite ana ngā whanaungatanga ipurangi ki tērā whanonga o waho mai. E waiho ana ētahi aratohu i puta ake i te kaupapa “hoamahi kaititiro” me te kaiwhakaora hinengaro hai whakamutu ake i tēnei tuhinga.

scholarly journals The Importance of Social Media Literacy for Students in Globalization Age

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Septyanto Galan Prakoso ◽  
Monika Sri Yuliarti ◽  
Likha Sari Anggreni
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Media Literacy ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
The World ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Soft Power Diplomacy ◽  
Descriptive Method

Globalization has meant that the world is simply becoming smaller and more connected. This comes at a cost – that is there is also a risk that globalization has adverse effects when countries use it to spread their agenda through soft power diplomacy. Through qualitative descriptive method, this paper aims to examine to what extent the young generation can be taught to be more selective in grappling with the abundant information, especially information related to soft power diplomacy in the midst of globalization through online/social media literacy.

Social media-driven polarisation will intensify

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Political Movements ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World ◽  
Echo Chambers ◽  
Digital Payments

Subject Political polarisation on social media. Significance The rise in political polarisation in large parts of the world is frequently attributed to social media’s ‘echo chambers’ within which people are exposed to like-minded rather than dissenting views. However, new studies show the problem is structural. Impacts Social media will be used for mobilising both progressive and regressive political movements. Individuals are often exposed to more opposition views online than offline; it can sharpen rather than narrow their differences. As Facebook expands into the digital payments ecosystem, limiting online polarisation will become harder.

scholarly journals Analysis of Social Media Based on Terrorism — A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Pooja N Jain ◽  
Archana S Vaidya
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Public Communication ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Social Media Tools ◽  
Use Of Social Media

With the ever-growing number of online social media platforms, the world has shrunk even further with regards to communication and knowledge-sharing perspective. However, communication, at times, can be deterrent when misused using such widespread social media tools. The acts of terrorism become seemingly convenient as the barrier of communication is nullified. This propagation of hateful content becomes much more easier and even recruiting anti-socials gets easier. Oddly, these social media platforms are the ones that prove essential during such crisis situations. This paper reviews most of the works reported by various authors in the last 10 years on the use of social media during a time of terrorist attack to addressing how to use social media for public communication with the emergency organization and military or police during terrorist attack, how to perform post-attack social media analytic and how to detect acts of terrorism, unrest, and hatred using social media analytic. With this objective, the authors also hope to inspire other researchers to work in this direction and use this review as a guide for instigating future research to counter-attack terrorism as it is the need of the hour for our country in the wake of recent Uri and Pulwama attack.

scholarly journals Understanding international perceptions of the severity of harmful content online

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256762
Author(s):  
Jialun Aaron Jiang ◽  
Morgan Klaus Scheuerman ◽  
Casey Fiesler ◽  
Jed R. Brubaker
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
International Survey ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Harmful Content ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Online social media platforms constantly struggle with harmful content such as misinformation and violence, but how to effectively moderate and prioritize such content for billions of global users with different backgrounds and values presents a challenge. Through an international survey with 1,696 internet users across 8 different countries across the world, this empirical study examines how international users perceive harmful content online and the similarities and differences in their perceptions. We found that across countries, the perceived severity consistently followed an exponential growth as the harmful content became more severe, but what harmful content were perceived as more or less severe varied significantly. Our results challenge platform content moderation’s status quo of using a one-size-fits-all approach to govern international users, and provide guidance on how platforms may wish to prioritize and customize their moderation of harmful content.

Emotional Tweets Analysis on Social Media with Short Text Classification Using Various Machine Learning Techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 5477-5482
Author(s):  
Shaik Rahamat Basha ◽  
M. Surya Bhupal Rao ◽  
P. Kiran Kumar Reddy ◽  
G. Ravi Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Text Processing ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Short Text ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
The World

Online Social media are a huge source of regular communication since most people in the world today use these services to stay communicating with each other in their modern lives. Today’s research has been implemented on emotion recognition by message. The majority of the research uses a method of machine learning. In order to extract information from the textual text written by human beings, natural language processing (NLP) techniques were used. The emotion of humans may be expressed when reading or writing a message. Human beings are willing, since human life is filled with a variety of emotions, to feel various emotions. This analysis helps us to realize the use of text processing and text mining methods by social media researchers in order to classify key data themes. Our experiments presented that the two main social networks in the world are conducting text-based mining on Facebook and Twitter. In this proposed study, we categorized the human feelings such as joy, fear, love, anger, surprise, sadness and thankfulness and compared our results using various methods of machine learning.

The Logic of Revolutions

2019 ◽  
pp. 344-360
Author(s):  
Timur Kuran ◽  
Diego Romero
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Diffusion Of Information ◽  
The World ◽  
Individual Decisions ◽  
Expected Payoffs ◽  
Individual Choices

However easily explicable in hindsight, revolutions are typically unforeseeable, because key determinants of individual decisions to join protests are unobservable. Coupled with the interdependence of individual choices, unobservability ensures that many revolutions occur through cascades. Surveying research on the dynamics of revolutions, this article evaluates insights into the connections between the likelihood of protests and individual freedoms. Other findings include: that network structure shapes motivations to participate in collective action; that social media facilitate mobilization and also quicken the diffusion of information through pre-established networks; that using social media as a mobilization tool poses growing personal risks as regimes learn to monitor the internet; and that a revolution may trigger other revolutions by altering individuals’ expected payoffs around the world.

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