scholarly journals Biochemical toxicity of Corexit 9500 dispersant on the gills, liver and kidney of juvenile Clarias gariepinus

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Ugbomeh ◽  
K. N. O. Bob-manuel ◽  
A. Green ◽  
O. Taylorharry
Keyword(s):  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Corexit 9500 ◽  
Liver And Kidney

scholarly journals Histology, serum biochemistry and haematological profiles of Clarias gariepinus fed diets containing Luffa cylindrica seedmeal

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-139
Author(s):  
W.A. Jimoh ◽  
M.O. Shittu ◽  
A.A. Ayeloja ◽  
S.A. Abdulsalami
Keyword(s):  
Processing Time ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Luffa Cylindrica ◽  
Formulated Diets ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Excretory Organ ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract. A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of processing time, inclusion level and/or their interactions on serum biochemistry, haematology and histology of the liver and kidney of Clarias gariepinus fed diets containing Luffa cylindrica seedmeal. The five formulated diets were designated as control (CTR) and tested, replaced at 15 and 30% by 5- and 10-min toasted Luffa cylindrica seedmeal (D515T, D530T, D1015T and D1030T). The experimental design followed a 2×2 factorial experiment in a completely randomised design; the processing time of 5- and 10-min toasting and inclusion level of 15 and 30% serves as factors. Triplicate groups of each treatment were made. Blood sampling, harvesting of organs, serum biochemistry, histology and haematological studies followed standard procedures. The results of the study showed that the effect of processing time, inclusion level and their interactions had significant impact (p<0.05) on Clarias gariepinus. A decrease in RBC, PCV and Hb was observed when compared with control for inclusion level, processing time and/or their interaction. Total protein, albumin and globulin of the blood of fish fed diet CTR was not significantly different (p>0.05) from that of the blood of the fish fed D1015T. Mild to moderate vacuolation of the hepatocytes were recorded among the livers of fish fed control and test dietary treatments except those fed D1030T that recorded very severe vacuolation of the hepatocytes. The kidney, being the excretory organ, was also affected. However, normal cell architecture was recorded in fish fed CTR, D530T and D1030T.

Histological Changes in the Liver and Kidney of Clarias gariepinus Fed Chrysophyllum albidum Seedmeal as Maize Replacer

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.A. Jimoh ◽  
M.O. Sodamola ◽  
M.D. Adebayo ◽  
O.T. Banjo ◽  
A.A. Ayeloja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Effects of sub-lethal concentrations of corexit 9500® dispersant on growth and condition factor of juvenile Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822), Rivers state, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
K.N.O. Bob-Manuel ◽  
A. Ugbomeh ◽  
O. Taylorharry
Keyword(s):  
Condition Factor ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Corexit 9500 ◽  
Fish Breeding ◽  
Toxicant Concentration ◽  
Breeding Grounds ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Test Treatments ◽  
Rivers State

The effects of sub-lethal concentrations of Corexit 9500 on growth and condition factor of juveniles of Clarias gariepinus was investigated after 21days, in 2018. 160 fishes were used as test organisms with a loading of 10/treatment and were exposed to 0.00, 0.0125, 0.025 and 0.05 ml/L concentrations of Corexit 9500. Treatments were in triplicate and Complete Randomised Design was adopted. The growth in length and weight of C. gariepinus was significantly higher in the control than the test treatments (P<0.05). The increase in weight of the control was significantly different from the three treatments. Temperature was not significantly different (P>0.05); however, the DO of control was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of the treatments, with the lowest DO in the 0.05ml/l treatment. pH was acidic for all treatments including the control but was more acidic with increasing concentration of Corexit 9500. The pH value for each treatment was significantly different (P<0.05). The conductivity was significantly different from each other (P<0.05) with higher values at the 0.025 ml/L concentrations. The condition factor (K) decreased with increasing toxicant concentration and was significantly different (P<0.05) at 0.0125ml/L and at Weeks 2 and 3 of 0.05 ml/L. Corexit 9500 dispersants should be appropriately assessed before deployment, and their use near fish breeding grounds should be avoided. Key words: Clarias gariepinus, dispersant, growth, physicochemical parameters, sub-lethal

scholarly journals Mitigating Effect of Vitamin-E on Copper Sulphate-Induced Toxicity in African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. I. Azeez ◽  
S. F. Braimah
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Copper Sulphate ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Radical Generation

Copper sulphate is widely used not only in livestock production especially in the treatment of foot rot in small ruminants but also in aquaculture as algaecide and an ectoparasiticide in hatcheries. Meanwhile, it is a common environmental contaminant of water bodies, with carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic effects in humans and animals. The present study was therefore designed to evaluate the toxic effects of copper sulphate and the protective activities of vitamin E on haematological and biochemical parameters as well as oxidative stress status in the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Sixty juvenile African catfish with an average weight of 120g were used for the study. They were assigned into six groups (A-F) consisting of ten fish per group. Group A served as the control group and was fed with normal pelletized fish feed only, group B was fed with Vitamin E-supplemented feed only, groups C and D were exposed to copper sulphate (20mg/L and 5mg/L) respectively, plus normal pelletized fish feed while groups E and F were exposed to copper sulphate (20mg/L and 5mg/L), respectively, plus Vitamin E-supplemented feed (240mg/kg feed). Blood samples were collected for haematology and plasma biochemical parameters while gills, liver and kidney samples were collected for evaluation markers of oxidative stress. Exposure to copper sulphate led to a significant decrease in PCV, RBC, Hb concentration, MCV, MCH and total WBC when compared with the unexposed control and those fed with vitamin E-supplemented feed. Furthermore, exposure to copper sulphate caused liver and kidney damages and cell impairment by increasing plasma ALT, AST and ALP activities. It also led to increased oxidative stress as the concentrations of antioxidant endogenous enzymes - GPx, GST and GSH were depleted while potentiating lipid peroxidation and hydroxyl radical generation. The changes in the haematological, biochemical and antioxidant parameters were restored in the fish fed with vitamin E-supplemented feed. In conclusion, the study showed that exposure to copper sulphate is toxic to African catfish, causing anaemia and liver damage through free radical generation and depletion of antioxidant defence system. Vitamin – E supplementation is therefore recommended during the use of CuSO4 in aquaculture. Release of the compound to the environment must however be avoided at all cost.

scholarly journals Histo-toxicity of Corexit 9500 Dispersant on Gill and Liver of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
O. Taylorharry ◽  
A. P. Ugbomeh ◽  
K. N. O. Bob-manuel
Keyword(s):  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Gill Lamella ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Range Finding ◽  
Corexit 9500 ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Test Treatments ◽  
Hepatic Lesions ◽  
The University

The aim of this study was to assess the chronic toxicity of Corexit 9500 on histology of liver and gill of juveniles of Clarias gariepinus. Range finding tests were conducted over a 96-hr period after acclimatization of the test organisms in the C.P. Powell laboratory in the University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The test organisms 10/treatment were exposed to the following concentrations of Corexit 9500; 0.00 ml/L, 0.0125 ml/L, 0.025 ml/L and 0.05 ml/L in triplicate. Liver and gill were excised from fish every week for histological assay using standard methods. The LC50 at 96 hrs was 0.115 ml/L. The growth in length and weight of C. gariepinus was significantly higher in the control than the test treatments (p<0.05). Hyperplasias, necrosis of epithelial cells, inflammation of the secondary gill lamella and hypertrophic primary gill lamella were observed in the exposed gills. Hepatic lesions in the liver tissues of the fishes exposed to Corexit 9500 were characterized by hyperplasia, narrowing of the central vein and vacoulations. The alterations observed in the liver and gill tissues indicated that Corexit 9500 may have interfered with transamination and metabolic processes, with the possibility of affecting the physiological functions of the fish in an aquatic environment.

scholarly journals Histopathological changes in liver and kidney of sharptooth catfish fed on cooked Jatropha curcas seedmeal based diets

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-59
Keyword(s):  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Test Diet ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Introduction: Histology of the organs of fish species is important in the understanding of the pathological changes related to nutritional sources. This study evaluates the histopathological alteration in the liver and kidney of sharptooth catfish fed diets containing Jatropha curcas seedmeal in a 56-day feeding trial. Methods: Clarias gariepinus fingerlings of average weight 2.61±0.02g were acclimatized for a week, and allotted into five dietary treatments; containing 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% Jatropha curcas seedmeal replacement levels for soybean meal respectively. Each treatment was replicated three times with fifteen fish per replicate. Fish were fed 5% body weight on two equal proportions per day. Histological assessment was conducted using standard procedure. Results: There were no lesions on the photomicrographs of the kidney of fish exposed to all the dietary treatments while moderate vacuolation of the hepatocytes was observed in the liver of fish fed diet D1-control diet. There were very prominent melanomicrophage centres in the liver of Clarias gariepinus fed test diet D3 with some hepatocytes which appeared vacuolated. The trend of vacuolation of hepatocytes of the liver among some treatments were not dietary related as no visible lesions were seen in the liver of fish fed test diets D2 ; D4 and D5. Significance: This study established that Jatropha curcas based diets exert hepatoprotective effect on the liver of fish fed with the diets.

scholarly journals EVALUASI PEMBERIAN PROBIOTIK BACILLUS PADA MEDIA PEMELIHARAAN TERHADAP LAJU PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERUBAHAN HISTOPATOLOGI IKAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariepinus) YANG DIINFEKSI Aeromonas hydrophila

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Mariana Lusiastuti ◽  
Mohammad Faizal Ulkhaq ◽  
Widanarni Widanarni ◽  
Tri Heru Prihadi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Histopathological Change ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Liver And Kidney

The aim of this study was to evaluate the addition of a probiotic Bacillus on culture medium through growth rate and histopathological change in African Catfish who was infected by Aeromonas hydrophila. The study consisted of five treatments such as the addition of probiotic Bacillus ND2, Bacillus P4I2, Bacillus ND2 + Bacillus P4I2 (Kom), positive control (K+) and negative control (K-) (without probiotic addition). African Catfish (13.354±2.8 g) was maintained in 15 aquariums (40 L in volume) with 30 fishes each for 30 days. Probiotic bacteria was applied in water once a day, whereas pathogenic bacteria A. hydrophila  (103 CFU/mL) were added once in earlier treatment (except for the negative control) as assumption that A. hydrophila will shape up quorum sensing in unfortunate condition. The result showed that the highest spesific growth rate in the treatment of Bacillus ND2 probiotics (1,708 ± 0.114%). Histopathology showed that damaged of liver dan kidney in probiotics treatment were lightner than positive control (K+).  The addition of Bacillus P4I1 (104 CFU/mL) efective to increased the spesific growth rate of African Catfish and prevent the damage of liver and kidney of African Catfish was infected by Aeromoniasis.

Acetaminophen: Neonatal hepatotoxicity due to late pregnancy exposure

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 718-719
Author(s):  
G.A. Miranda ◽  
M.A. Arroyo ◽  
C.A. Lucio ◽  
M. Mongeotti ◽  
S.S. Poolsawat
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Toxic Chemicals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Neonatal Liver ◽  
Childbearing Women

Exposure to drugs and toxic chemicals, during late pregnancy, is a common occurrence in childbearing women. Some studies have reported that more than 90% of pregnant women use at least 1 prescription; of this, 60% used more than one. Another study indicated that 80% of the consumed drugs were not prescribed, and of this figure, 95% were “over-the-counter” drugs. Acetaminophen, the safest of all over-the-counter drugs, has been reported to induce fetal liver necrosis in man and animals and to have abortifacient and embryocidal action in mice. This study examines the degree to which acetaminophen affects the neonatal liver and kidney, when a fatty diet is simultaneously fed to the mother during late pregnancy.Timed Swiss Webster female mice were gavaged during late pregnancy (days 16-19) with fat suspended acetaminophen at a high dose, HD = 84.50 mg/kg, and a low dose, LD = 42.25 mg/kg; a control group received fat alone.

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