Impact of dexamethasone added to intra-articular morphine and bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia after knee arthroscopy

Abstract Background Pain relief after knee arthroscopy is very important for early recovery and rehabilitation. The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of adding dexamethasone (8 mg) to intra-articular morphine (10 mg) and bupivacaine (25 mg) combination on postoperative pain after knee arthroscopy. Results We enrolled 40 patients, 18–65 years-old of both sexes, ASA I and II scheduled for minor arthroscopic knee surgeries. The study group showed a lower visual analog score at rest and movement, prolonged postoperative analgesia, and decreased total analgesic consumption compared with the control group (P value < 0.05). Conclusions Adding dexamethasone to intra-articular combination of morphine and bupivacaine after knee arthroscopy prolongs the duration of analgesia, lowers pain scores, and decreases total analgesic consumption with no detected adverse effects.

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Impact of dexamethasone added to intra-articular morphine and bupivaciane for post-operative analgesia after knee arthroscopy

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcab086.017 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Raafat Abdelazim Hammad ◽

Ahmed Abd El-Daeem Abd El- Haq ◽

HebaFouadAbd El-Aziz Toulan ◽

Amr Mohammed Talaat

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Pain ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Postoperative Analgesia ◽

Knee Arthroscopy ◽

Movement Time ◽

Visual Analog Score ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Early Recovery ◽

Analgesic Consumption

Abstract Background Pain relief after knee arthroscopy is very important for early recovery and rehabilitation. Many drugs were used intra-articularly to prolong postoperative analgesia and diminish post-operative pain. The present study studies the effects of adding dexamethasone to intra-articular morphine and bupivacaine combination on postoperative pain after knee arthroscopy. Aim of the Work The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of adding dexamethasone (8mg) to intra-articular morphine (10mg) and bupivacaine (25mg) injection on postoperative pain after knee arthroscopy. Patients and Methods A randomized double-blinded clinical trial was carried out on 40 patients undergoing knee arthroscopy. Patients were divided randomly into two equal groups. All drugs used were injected intra-articularly at the end of arthroscopy. In the control group, patients were administered 10mg morphine added to bupivacaine 25mg. In the study group, patients were administered 10mg morphine and 8mg dexamethasone added to bupivacaine 25mg. Visual analog score for pain at rest and movement, time to first analgesic request, total analgesic consumption, duration of analgesia and adverse effects were recorded. Results The study group showed lower visual analog score at rest and movement, prolonged postoperative analgesia, and decreased total analgesic consumption compared with the control group. Conclusion Adding dexamethasone to intra-articular combination of morphine and bupivacaine after knee arthroscopy prolongs the duration of analgesia, lowers pain scores, and decreases total analgesic consumption with no detected adverse effects.

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Glisson’s capsule cauterisation is associated with increased postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a prospective case–control study

Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England ◽

10.1308/rcsann.2017.0068 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 99 (6) ◽

pp. 485-489 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

F Basak ◽

M Hasbahceci ◽

A Sisik ◽

A Acar ◽

Y Ozel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽

Postoperative Pain ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Gallbladder Disease ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Pain Scores ◽

Standard Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽

Control Study

INTRODUCTION Postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy has three components: parietal, visceral and referred pain felt at the shoulder. Visceral peritoneal injury on the liver (Glisson’s capsule) during cauterisation sometimes occurs as an unavoidable complication of the operation. Its effect on postoperative pain has not been quantified. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association between Glisson’s capsule injury and postoperative pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS The study was a prospective case–control of planned standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy with standardized anaesthesia protocol in patients with benign gallbladder disease. Visual analogue scale (VAS) abdominal pain scores were noted at 2 and 24 hours after the operation. One surgical team performed the operations. Operative videos were recorded and examined later by another team to detect presence of Glisson’s capsule cauterisation. Eighty-one patients were enrolled into the study. After examination of the operative videos, 46 patients with visceral peritoneal injury were included in the study group, and the remaining 35 formed the control group. RESULTS VAS pain score at postoperative 2 and 24 hours was significantly higher in the study group than control (P = 0.027 and 0.017, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Glisson’s capsule cauterisation in laparoscopic cholecystectomy is associated with increased postoperative pain. Additional efforts are recommended to prevent unintentional cauterisation.

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Intercostal Nerve Block and Peritubal Infiltration with Bupivacaine for Postoperative Analgesia after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Randomised Clinical Study

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/49105.14828 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Karunakaran Binil ◽

Kaniyil Suvarna ◽

Kannammadathy Poulose Biji

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Pain ◽

Nerve Block ◽

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy ◽

Postoperative Analgesia ◽

Intercostal Nerve ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

P Value ◽

Intercostal Nerve Block ◽

Analgesic Consumption ◽

Pain Scores

Introduction: Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL), a common endourologic procedure for removal of renal stones is associated with significant pain. Regional blocks are being used for postoperative analgesia after PCNL. Aim: To compare the analgesic efficacy of intercostal nerve block and fluoroscopic guided peritubal infiltration in terms of duration of analgesia, postoperative pain scores and total analgesic consumption in first 24 hours. Materials and Methods: This was a randomised clinical trial conducted from May 2018 to October 2018 on total of eighty patients, randomly allocated to two groups of 40 each. Group IC received intercostal nerve block and group IF received fluoroscopy guided peritubal infiltration with 0.25% bupivacaine. Duration of analgesia was assessed from postoperative pain scores (Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) during rest and coughing). Total analgesic consumption for 24 hours was also noted. Data was analysed using Chi-square test for categorical variables and independent Student’s t-test for quantitative variables. Results: The duration of analgesia was 702.00±140.022 minutes in Group IC and 346.50±129.566 minutes in group IF which was significant statistically with a p-value of <0.001. Resting and dynamic NRS were lower upto 12 hours postoperatively in group IC (p-value less than 0.05). Both tramadol (50.00±11.32 mg vs 82.50±24.15 mg) and paracetamol (100±303.82mg vs 850±622.23mg) requirements were lower in group IC as compared to group IF with p-values less than 0.001. Total consumption of first rescue analgesic tramadol as well as second analgesic Paracetamol both were significantly lesser(p-value<0.001) in group IC than group IF. Conclusion: Intercostal Nerve Block (INB) provided superior analgesia compared to fluoroscopic guided peritubal infiltration after PCNL.

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Preemptive Caudal Ropivacaine: An Effective Analgesic during Degenerative Lumbar Spine Surgery

Asian Spine Journal ◽

10.4184/asj.2017.11.1.113 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 113-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shashwat Kumar ◽

Jagannath Manickam Palaniappan ◽

Anantha Kishan

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Pain ◽

Pain Relief ◽

Epidural Injection ◽

Epidural Block ◽

Postoperative Pain Relief ◽

Control Group ◽

Lumbosacral Spine ◽

Study Group ◽

Group I ◽

Caudal Epidural

<sec><title>Study Design</title>This was a prospective, randomized, controlled trial comprising 60 patients undergoing lumbosacral spine (noninstrumentation/nonfusion) surgery.</sec><sec><title>Purpose</title>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 0.2% ropivacaine (20 mL) administered alone as a single, preoperative, caudal epidural block injection versus that of intravenous analgesics in providing effective postoperative analgesia to patients undergoing lumbosacral spine surgery.</sec><sec><title>Overview of Literature</title>Various studies have shown the effectiveness of a caudal epidural injection (bupivacaine or ropivacaine) in providing postoperative analgesia in combination with steroids or other analgesics. This study uniquely analyzed the efficacy of a single injection of caudal epidural ropivacaine in providing postoperative pain relief.</sec><sec><title>Methods</title>Sixty patients who were scheduled to undergo surgery for degenerative lumbar spine disease (noninstrumentation/nonfusion) were consecutively divided into two groups, group R (Study) and group I (Control). 30 group R patients received a caudal epidural block with 20 mL of 0.2% ropivacaine after the administration of general anesthesia. 30 group I patients received no preoperative analgesia. Intravenous analgesics were administered during the postoperative period after a complaint of pain. Various parameters indicating analgesic effect were recorded.</sec><sec><title>Results</title>There was a significant delay in the average time to the first demand for rescue analgesia in the study group, suggesting significantly better postoperative pain relief than that in the control group. In comparison with the control group, the study group also showed earlier ambulation with minimal adverse effects. The requirement for intraoperative fentanyl was higher in the control group than that in the study group.</sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title>Preemptive analgesia with a single epidural injection of ropivacaine is a safe, simple, and effective approach, providing better postoperative pain relief, facilitating early mobilization, and decreasing the intraoperative requirement for opioid administration.</sec>

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A Randomised Controlled Study to Evaluate Efficacy of the Landmark Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block for Postoperative Pain in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Surgeries in Kolhapur District in Western Maharashtra

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2021/295 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (20) ◽

pp. 1559-1564

Author(s):

Rashmee Vijay Chavan ◽

Archita Rajaram Patil ◽

Anupama Deepak Sahasrabudhe ◽

Aarati Bhaskar Jadhav ◽

Prithiv Rishardhan Prabhakaran

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Pain ◽

Pain Relief ◽

General Anaesthesia ◽

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy ◽

Erector Spinae ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Vas Score ◽

Erector Spinae Plane Block ◽

Post Operative Pain

BACKGROUND Post-operative pain and discomfort is a common side effect of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) surgery. The study intended to evaluate the efficacy of landmark guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) in early post-operative pain relief following (PCNL) surgery. METHODS In this randomised prospective, single blind, interventional study, 70 patients aged 20 - 60 years of ASA grade I and II, scheduled for elective percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) surgery under general anaesthesia were included. Patients were randomly allotted into two groups of 35 each. Group 1 was the control group and received parenteral analgesia according to institutional protocol for postoperative pain relief. Group 2 was the study group and received landmark guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) with 20 cc of 0.25 % bupivacaine for postoperative pain relief. Post-operatively patients were monitored for pain and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score was noted at 2nd, 4th and 6th hr and was maintained below 4 by providing them with additional analgesics if required. Time and doses of analgesics required were recorded. RESULTS All the statistical analysis was done using R-Studio 1.2.5001 software. MannWhitney-U test was used for quantitative variables of pain score. Proportion test was used for qualitative demographic data and for post-operative analgesics requirement. Both the groups were comparable on demographic variables. The average VAS score at 2nd and 4th hr was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The VAS score at 6th hr was comparable in both the groups. The analgesic requirement was significantly lower in study group as compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS The landmark guided ESPB is an effective and simple method to alleviate immediate postoperative pain in PCNL surgeries under general anaesthesia. KEYWORDS Erector Spinae Plane Block, Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Surgery, Postoperative Pain

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Evaluation of Intraperitoneal and Incisional Bupivacaine or Levobupivacaine for Postoperative Analgesia in Ovariohysterectomized Dogs

Acta Scientiae Veterinariae ◽

10.22456/1679-9216.92570 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Musa Korkmaz ◽

Oktay Yilmaz ◽

Zulfukar Kadir Saritas ◽

Ibrahim Demirkan ◽

Jerzy Jaroszewski

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Pain ◽

General Anaesthesia ◽

Postoperative Analgesia ◽

Abdominal Cavity ◽

Companion Animals ◽

Assessment System ◽

Cervix Uteri ◽

Control Group ◽

Pain Scores ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Ovariohysterectomy (OHE) is the most commonly performed elective surgical procedure in companion animals. OHE offers benefits of control of population and decreased risk of potentially life-threatening diseases such as mammarian tumours and pyometra. Traditional OHE intervention causes inflammation and pain due to trauma during organ manipulation. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of intraperitoneal and incisional administration of bupivacaine (BP) or levobupivacaine (LP) on postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing the OHE procedure.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 24 mix-breed bitches aged between 1 - 3 years and weighed 19 - 20 kg were used in this study. The animals were divided into three groups as control (n = 8), BP (n = 8) and LP group (n = 8). The animals were kept under surveillance at the hospitalisation unit of the animal hospital for one day before the elective OHE. The dogs were fasted for 12 h before the surgery, with adlib water consumption. Atropine sulphate 0.045 mg/kg was administered subcutaneously approximately 30 min before general anaesthesia. Midazolam (0.3 mg/kg) was intravenously injected into all dogs for pre-anaesthetic medication. After sedation, anaesthesia was induced with propofol (4 mg/kg, IV) and then the dogs were orotracheally intubated using cuffed endotracheal tubes. General anaesthesia was maintained by administration of 2% isoflurane. The ventral abdomen was prepared aseptically for OHE following the general anaesthesia. All animals were operated on by the same surgeon. During surgery, sprayed bupivacaine 0.5% (4.4 mg/kg) with an equal volume of saline in BP group, levobupivacaine 0.5% (4.4 mg/kg) with an equal volume of saline in LP were then applied over the ovaries, uterine broad ligaments and cervix uteri. After removal of the uterine body, either LP or BP was sprayed to left and right, or cranial and caudal parts of the abdominal cavity. Finally, the incision line was sprayed before closing the skin. The control group received only sprayed saline. The pain evaluation was carried out with modified Melbourne pain scoring scale. To determine cortisol concentrations, blood samples were taken before anaesthesia induction (baseline) and postoperative 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 h. Postoperative pain scores were higher in the control group than BP and LP groups following surgery at 30 min, 1st, 4th, and 6th h. In all groups, cortisol levels increased postoperatively, whereas they decreased more rapidly in BP and LP groups. There was a steady increase at postoperative 0 min, 30 min, 1st, 2nd, 4th and 6th h in the control group and at postoperative 0 min, 30 min and 1 h in BP and LP groups (P < 0.05).Discussion: Intraperitoneal and incisional bupivacaine shows significantly superior postoperative pain management benefits after the closure of skin, compared to untreated dogs and it is also superior to lidocaine treatment at 0.5 h following the visual analogy pain assessment system. In the present study, the observation of lower pain scores in BP group at 0.5, 1, 4 and 6 h as compared to the control group was similar to findings of other studies. LP group also showed decreased pain scores at above-mentioned h without any significant difference. However, only in LP group, pain scores at 24 h were lower than postoperative pain scores. In conclusion, it is suggested that sprayed intraperitoneal and incisional BP and LP are very effective for preventing postoperative pain ovariohysterectomized dogs.

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Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation Improves the Postoperative Quality of Recovery and Analgesia after Gynecological Laparoscopic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2015/324360 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Yusheng Yao ◽

Qiuyan Zhao ◽

Cansheng Gong ◽

Yihuan Wu ◽

Ying Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laparoscopic Surgery ◽

Postoperative Pain ◽

Postoperative Analgesia ◽

Control Group ◽

Patient’S Satisfaction ◽

Quality Of Recovery ◽

Pain Scores ◽

Pacu Stay ◽

Acupoint Stimulation

Background. We conducted this prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effects of transcutaneous electric acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on the quality of recovery (QoR) and postoperative analgesia after gynecological laparoscopic surgery.Methods. 74 American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASA) I or II patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery were randomly allocated to TEAS or control groups. The primary outcome was the quality of recovery, which was assessed on the day before surgery and 24 h after surgery using a 40-item questionnaire. Secondary outcomes included postoperative pain scores, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), duration of postanesthesia care unit (PACU) stay, and patient’s satisfaction.Results. The TEAS group had higher QoR scores than control group upon 24 h after surgery (177 versus 165;P<0.001). Compared with the control group, postoperative pain scores and the cumulative number of opioids administered were lower in the TEAS group patients (P=0.04). TEAS reduced the incidence of PONV and dizziness, as well as duration of PACU stay. Simultaneously, the patient’s satisfaction scores were higher in the TEAS group (P=0.002).Conclusion. Preoperative TEAS enhances QoR, improves postoperative analgesia and patient’s satisfaction, alleviates postoperative side effects, and accelerates discharge after general anesthesia for gynecological laparoscopic surgery.

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Effect of intravenous infusion of magnesium sulphate on postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing arthroscopic knee surgeries under spinal anaesthesia

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20170046 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 291

Author(s):

Revi N ◽

Mithun Raju P ◽

Mohsin Mohammed Ali

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Pain ◽

Spinal Anaesthesia ◽

Magnesium Sulphate ◽

Intravenous Infusion ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Control Cohort ◽

Analgesic Effects ◽

Analgesic Consumption ◽

Pain Scores ◽

Arthroscopic Knee

Background: Magnesium sulphate is being used for postoperative pain relief intravenously, intrathecally and epidurally. Currently, it is also gaining popularity as an adjuvant in blocks. The objective of the study was aimed at the postoperative analgesic effects of magnesium sulphate when given as intravenous infusion in patients undergoing arthroscopic knee surgeries under spinal anaesthesia and to compare the postoperative analgesic effects of magnesium sulphate infusion in a study cohort who received magnesium sulphate with the control cohort who were not given magnesium sulphate and underwent arthroscopic knee surgeries under spinal anaesthesia.Methods: After obtaining ethical committee clearance and consent from the patients, 31 patients each were placed in study cohort and control cohort. Spinal anaesthesia was administered in the lateral decubitus position through the L3–4 or L4–5 interspace. Hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% solution with fentanyl 20 μg was injected intrathecally. After spinal anaesthesia, patients received magnesium sulphate 50 mg/kg for 15 min and then 15 mg/kg/hr by continuous intravenous infusion until the end of surgery. The other group did not receive magnesium sulphate infusion. Postoperative pain scores and postoperative analgesic consumption were the primary end points.Results: The results of the study reveal the efficacy of perioperative intravenous infusion of magnesium sulphate in prolonging the spinal block as well as reducing the postoperative pain scores without hemodynamic variability or side effects.Conclusions: Post-operative pain and analgesic consumption was reduced with the use of intravenous magnesium following spinal anaesthesia.

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Subcutaneous Bupivacaine Infiltration Is Not Effective to Support Control of Postoperative Pain in Paediatric Patients Undergoing Spinal Surgery

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10112407 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 2407

Author(s):

Anna Danielewicz ◽

Marek Fatyga ◽

Grzegorz Starobrat ◽

Monika Różańska-Boczula ◽

Magdalena Wójciak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Pain ◽

Spinal Deformity ◽

Pain Control ◽

Young Patients ◽

Deformity Correction ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Local Infiltration Analgesia ◽

Pain Scores ◽

Paediatric Patients

Spinal deformity corrections in paediatric patients are long-lasting procedures involving damage to many tissues and long pain exposure; therefore, effective pain management after surgical treatment is an important issue. In this study, the effect of inclusion of local infiltration analgesia, as an integral part of the scheme in postoperative pain control, in children and adolescents, subjected to the spinal deformity correction procedure, was assessed. Thirty patients, aged 8 to 17 years, undergoing spinal deformity correction were divided into a study group, receiving a 0.25% bupivacaine solution before wound closure, and a control group (no local analgesic agent). Morphine, at the doses of 0.10 mg/kg of body weight, was administered to the patients when pain occurred. Pain scores, morphine administration, and bleeding were observed during 48 postoperative hours. The pain scores were slightly lower in a 0–4 h period in patients who received bupivacaine compared with those in the control group. However, no differences were observed in a longer period of time and in the total opioid consumption. Moreover, increasing bleeding was observed in the bupivacaine-treated patients (study group) vs. the control. Bupivacaine only modestly affects analgesia and, due to the increased bleeding observed, it should not to be part of pain control management in young patients after spinal deformity correction.

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Fascia Iliaca Block for Postoperative Pain Control After Hip Arthroscopy: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/0363546521996713 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 036354652199671

Author(s):

John-Rudolph H. Smith ◽

Matthew J. Kraeutler ◽

Laura E. Keeling ◽

Anthony J. Scillia ◽

Eric C. McCarty ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Postoperative Pain ◽

Hip Arthroscopy ◽

Pain Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Analgesic Consumption ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Pain Scores ◽

Fascia Iliaca Block

Background: Various analgesic modalities have been used to improve postoperative pain in patients undergoing hip arthroscopy. Purpose: To systematically review the literature to compare the efficacy of the fascia iliaca block (FIB) with that of other analgesic modalities after hip arthroscopy in terms of postoperative pain scores and analgesic consumption. Study Design: Systematic review. Methods: A systematic review was performed by searching PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase up to April 2020 to identify randomized controlled trials that compared postoperative pain and analgesic consumption in patients after hip arthroscopy with FIB versus other pain control modalities. The search phrase used was “hip arthroscopy fascia iliaca randomized.” Patients were evaluated based on postoperative pain scores and total postoperative analgesic consumption. Results: Five studies (3 level 1, 2 level 2) were identified that met inclusion criteria, including 157 patients undergoing hip arthroscopy with FIB (mean age, 38.3 years; 44.6% men) and 159 patients among the following comparison groups: lumbar plexus block (LPB), intra-articular ropivacaine (IAR), local anesthetic infiltration (LAI), saline placebo, and a no-block control group (overall mean age, 36.2 years; 36.5% men). No significant differences in pain scores were reported in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) between the FIB and LPB (3.4 vs 2.9; P = .054), IAR (7.7 vs 7.9; P = .72), control group (no FIB: 4.1 vs 3.8; P = .76); or saline placebo (difference, –0.2 [95% CI, –1.1 to 0.7]). One study reported significantly higher pain scores at 1 hour postoperation in the FIB group compared with the LAI group (5.5 vs 3.4; P = .02). Another study reported significantly greater total analgesic consumption (in morphine equivalent dosing) in the PACU among the FIB group compared with the LPB group (20.8 vs 17.0; P = .02). No significant differences were observed in total PACU analgesic consumption between FIB and other analgesic modalities. Conclusion: In patients undergoing hip arthroscopy, the FIB does not appear to demonstrate superiority to other forms of analgesics in the immediate postoperative period. Therefore, it is not recommended as a routine form of pain control for these procedures.

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