scholarly journals Dentists’ knowledge about osteoporosis and their ability to identify the disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Vicente Ferreira ◽  
Suely Roizenblatt ◽  
Vera Lucia Szejnfeld
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Osteoporosis Prevention ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Postgraduate Studies ◽  
Prevention Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Dental Radiographs ◽  
General Dentists ◽  
Mandibular Cortical Width

Abstract Background Osteoporosis is an underdiagnosed condition, and its seriousness is not considered until severe complications arise. This study aimed to evaluate general dentists’ knowledge about osteoporosis and their ability to identify patients with this disease by assessing mandibular cortical width (MCW) and mandibular cortical index (MCI) on panoramic dental radiographs using a visual method. Methods In this cross-sectional study, an email questionnaire regarding the diagnosis and prevention of osteoporosis was sent to 20,773 dentists in 2016. Those who completed the questionnaire were invited to participate in radiomorphometric training and then to analyze the MCI and MCW of 114 panoramic radiographs of postmenopausal women who underwent both panoramic radiography and bone densitometry. Based on the radiomorphometric indices and while blinded to the densitometry results, the dentists determined whether they would indicate densitometry for these patients. Results The response rate was 2.3%: 485 dentists completed the questionnaire, and 50 evaluated panoramic radiographs using the MCW and MCI. All of them reported some knowledge about osteoporosis, but 41.6% demonstrated a misleading conceptualization of the disease. Approximately 90% reported minimal access to this information during graduation, and only 27.0% were exposed to the topic during their postgraduate studies. Interest in osteoporosis prevention was expressed by 70.7% of the respondents, and interest in learning the radiomorphometric indices was expressed by 99.0%. The sensitivity in the detection of low bone mineral density through the MCW and MCI was 52.9%, and the specificity was 64%. Conclusions Brazilian dentists demonstrated insufficient knowledge about osteoporosis and a low ability to detect osteopenia or osteoporosis by applying radiomorphometric indices.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Validity of Orthopantomogram Compared to Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry Scan in Detecting Osteoporosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Prasanna Kumar ◽  
S. Jayachandran ◽  
N. Thilagavathy
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Radiographic Appearance ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dexa Scan ◽  
Bone Content

Abstract Introduction Osteoporosis is one of the most common and rampant metabolic bone disorders among the geriatric, particularly affecting postmenopausal women. Even though resorption tends to occur more rapidly in bones with a higher proportion of trabecular bone (e.g., vertebrae, pelvis, calcaneus), bones with significant cortical bone content also do undergo resorption, for example, mandible. The dental manifestations that may indicate low-bone density include loose teeth, receding gums, and ill-fitting or loose dentures. Objective To validate the efficacy of orthopantomograms (OPGs) in recognizing bone mineral density (BMD) changes of the mandible using mandibular cortical index (MCI) and substantiate the same with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan on femoral neck and spine. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study comprised 60 geriatric patients of both genders. All the patients were subjected to panoramic radiographs wherever clinically indicated. The visual analysis was done based on the radiographic appearance of the mandibular cortical border and results were compared with DEXA scan reports, followed by an analysis of three grades of MCI and BMD statistically. Results In our study, out of 40 patients in C2 and C3 subgroups, 67% and 20% were normal, respectively. The incidence of osteopenia was 33% in the C2 group and 70% in the C3 group, whereas Osteoporosis was present only among 10% of the population in the C3 group. The difference between the groups are statistically significant (p = 0.01). These findings imply that a progressive link exists between BMD and deteriorating cortical morphology. Conclusion The purpose of this study is that dentists will be able to refer patients to physicians of suspected low BMD, based on incidental findings on panoramic radiographs for further examination. There is a statistically significant correlation present between DEXA and MCI, so the latter can also be used for screening BMD changes.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Styloid Process Size and the Skeletal Craniofacial Pattern: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Carolina Santos ◽  
Carolina Santos ◽  
Joana Godinho ◽  
Luís Jardim ◽  
Mónica Amorim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Styloid Process ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
Skeletal Pattern ◽  
General Dentists ◽  
Process Length

Objective: The purpose of this correlation study was to evaluate a possible association between the styloid process size and different craniofacial skeletal patterns, in the sagittal and the vertical planes. Methods: 59 consecutive orthodontic adult patients were selected. The styloid process length was measured on pretreatment panoramic radiographs and the cephalometric skeletal variables on lateral cephalometric radiographs. Data were analyzed using independent sample T-Tests, Mann-Whitney U Tests and Spearman´s partial correlations (=5%). Results: Males exhibited longer styloid processes than females (p=0.029), with a mean difference of 7.5mm. Within each individual, right and left styloid process length was similar (r= 0.77; p<0.001). No relationship was found between the size of the styloid process and the sagittal skeletal pattern. A moderate significant correlation was present between the size of the styloid process and some vertical cephalometric skeletal variables: Ar-Go-Me (r=0.32; p=0.02), PFH/AFH (r=-0.29; p=0.03) and MP-SN (r=0.28; p=0.03). Conclusion: Longer styloid processes tend to be associated with high angle skeletal patterns. Orthodontists, general dentists and oral surgeons should be aware that elongation of the styloid process is more frequently verified in hyperdivergent individuals.

THE PREVALANCE AND RISKY FACTORS OF OSTEOSPOROSIS IN OVER 50-YEAR-OLD WOMEN

2011 ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Thi Quynh Huong Tran ◽  
Thi Le Nguyen ◽  
Dinh Hung Vu
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bone Mass Density ◽  
Osteoporosis Prevention ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevention Methods

Background: Osteoporosis is a serious and costly public health problem. This is a disease of bone system characterized by low bone mass density, damaged and changed bone tissue structure, gradual decrease of bone tolerance and increased bone fracture risk. Osteoporosis usually occurs in elderly people, especially women during the premenopausal and postmenopausal. But osteoporosis is a preventable disease because of the risky factors of diseases caused by lifestyle and diet, these factors can be controlled by each individuals. Aims: The aims of this research are (1) to estimate the osteoporosis rate in 50-year-old women to recommend educational measures and to help them detect early osteoporosis; (2) to find out currently the relations among osteoporosis and other risky factors, (3) to evaluate their knowledge in osteoporosis prevention. It is one of important steps in propaganda prevention. Methods: Cross sectional study in 1096 over 50-year-old women was measured bone density by Quantitative Computed tomography the lumbar spine in Thong Nhat hospital - Dong Nai province. Osteoporosis is defined according to WHO standards (1994). Results: Overall rate of osteoporosis in the study is 61.4%, the rate of bone loss increases with age. Some factors: old age, menopause, underweight, overweight or obesity; less physical exercise; the women gave births more than 3 times ; drinking coffee > 3 times a day; other chronic digestive diseases, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, long time corticoid therapy. They are the risky factors relating to osteoporosis. The osteoporosis knowledge in over 50-year-old women in the research is very low (7.9%). Key words: osteoporosis, bone mineral density, Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT), risky factor.

Relationship Between Nutrient Intake and Vitamin D Status in Osteoporotic Women

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 376-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
de Souza Genaro ◽  
de Paiva Pereira ◽  
de Medeiros Pinheiro ◽  
Szejnfeld ◽  
Araújo Martini
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Dietary Records

Vitamin D is essential for maintaining calcium homeostasis and optimizing bone health. Its inadequacy is related to many factors including dietary intake. The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum 25(OH)D and its relationship with nutrient intakes in postmenopausal Brazilian women with osteoporosis. This cross-sectional study comprised 45 free-living and assisted elderly at São Paulo Hospital. Three-day dietary records were used to assess dietary intakes. Bone mineral density was measured with a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer (DXA). Blood and urine sample were collected for analysis of biochemical markers of bone and mineral metabolism. Insufficiency of vitamin D was observed in 24.4% of the women and optimal levels (≥ 50 nmol/L) were observed in 75.6%. Parathyroid hormone was above the reference range in 51% of the participants. The mean calcium (724 mg/day) and vitamin D (4.2 μ g/day) intakes were lower than the value proposed by The Food and Nutrition Board and sodium intake was more than two-fold above the recommendation. Higher levels of serum 25(OH)D were inversely associated with sodium intake. Dietary strategies to improve serum vitamin D must focus on increasing vitamin D intake and should take a reduction of sodium intake into consideration.

scholarly journals Sarcopenia and Malnutrition Screening in Female Osteoporosis Patients—A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2344
Author(s):  
Franca Genest ◽  
Dominik Rak ◽  
Elisa Bätz ◽  
Kerstin Ott ◽  
Lothar Seefried
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Functional Deficits ◽  
Complementary Approach ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Not At Risk

Sarcopenia and malnutrition are important determinants of increased fracture risk in osteoporosis. SARC-F and MNA-SF are well-established questionnaires for identifying patients at risk for these conditions. We sought to evaluate the feasibility and potential added benefit of such assessments as well as the actual prevalence of these conditions in osteoporosis patients. We conducted a cross-sectional, single-center study in female osteoporosis patients ≥ 65 years (SaNSiBaR-study). Results of the sarcopenia (SARC-F) and malnutrition (MNA-SF) screening questionnaires were matched with a functional assessment for sarcopenia and data from patients’ medical records. Out of 107 patients included in the analysis, a risk for sarcopenia (SARC-F ≥ 4 points) and a risk for malnutrition (MNA-SF ≤ 11 points) was found in 33 (30.8%) and 38 (35.5%) patients, respectively. Diagnostic overlap with coincident indicative findings in both questionnaires was observed in 17 patients (16%). As compared to the respective not-at-risk groups, the mean short physical performance battery (SPPB) score was significantly reduced in both patients at risk for sarcopenia (7.0 vs. 10.9 points, p < 0.001) and patients at risk for malnutrition (8.7 vs. 10.5 points, p = 0.005). Still, confirmed sarcopenia according to EWGSOP2 criteria was present in only 6 (6%) of all 107 patients, with only 3 of them having an indicative SARC-F score. Bone mineral density was not significantly different in any of the at-risk groups at any site. In summary, applying SARC-F and MNA-SF in osteoporosis patients appears to be a complementary approach to identify individuals with functional deficits.

scholarly journals SAT0082 FRAX AND DAS IN MOROCCAN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 975.1-975
Author(s):  
H. Azzouzi ◽  
O. Lamkhanat ◽  
I. Linda
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fracture Probability ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Risk Probability ◽  
Fracture Assessment

Background:Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is one of the risk factors for the calculation of the 10 years fracture probability assessed by the FRAX tool.Objectives:The aim was to study the association of disease activity and the 10 year fracture risk probability by the FRAX tool in our RA patients and their impact on fracture prevalence.Methods:Cross-sectional study of the association FRAX and disease activity score (DAS 28 CRP) was designed. Patients with RA were included. Mean DAS was calculated for each patient adjusted on his follow-up duration. Data about patients (demographic, disease characteristics and fracture assessment) were collected. The 10 year fracture risk probability for major osteoporotic fracture was calculated with and without BMD (bone mineral density) using the FRAX tool for Morocco. Descriptive analysis and regressions were performed with SPSS.20. p<0.05 was considered significant.Results:One hundred and ninety nine RA patients were included with mean age of 55.5±12 years. Women represented 91% and 40.1% had osteoporosis. Remission was observed in 86.4% with 95.5% taking methotrexate. 17.1% had vertebral fractures. FRAX and DAS were associated (p=0.03), and both explained vertebral fracture (VF) prevalence. When adjusted on disease parameters, FRAX with and without BMD explained the vertebral prevalence (p=0.02, OR=1.09[1.01-1.19]). However, age remains the only predictor of VF when adjusted on osteoporosis factors (DAS28CRP, menopause, BMI, smoking, diabetes, gender, steroid use, HAQ) and FRAX BMD.Conclusion:Persistent disease activity was associated to high 10 year fracture risk probability calculated by the FRAX tool in RA.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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