EXPLORATION WORK IN MEXICO

Geophysics ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-200
Author(s):  
Antonio Garcia Rojas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Present Level ◽  
Geophysical Exploration ◽  
Petroleos Mexicanos ◽  
The Difference

Since 1940 Mexico has increased exploration work in search of new oil fields. Most of the exploration has been done in the Gulf Coast area where all existing Mexican oil fields are located. A brief résumé is given of the main problems of the different provinces under exploration and a list of the fields discovered by Petróleos Mexicanos in the different provinces of the country. Geophysical methods have been responsible for location of a very large percent of the new fields. To compare the intensity of exploration in the United States and Mexico, the amount of seismic and gravity‐meter work and of wildcat drilling per million barrels of production is given for both countries. The data shows that Mexico’s level of geophysical exploration, per million barrels of oil produced, is very close to that of the United States. A very marked increase in the intensity of exploration is shown for both countries. Wildcat drilling in Mexico has been less intensive than in the United States but shows a definite tendency to increase; its present level is very close to that of the United States during 1940. The writer is of the opinion that the difference in intensity of wildcat drilling shown in the data presented is actually smaller than appears as there is a certain amount of duplication in the United States because of leaseholding problems.

GEOPHYSICAL PROGRESS

Geophysics ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 510-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry C. Cortes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
First Year ◽  
Free Enterprise ◽  
Gravity And Magnetic ◽  
Electrical Prospecting ◽  
Made In

Histories or reviews covering the period from 1922, the first year of petroleum geophysics in the United States, to 1940 were ably presented by Eckhardt, Macelwane and Weatherby at the Society of Exploration Geophysicists’ Annual Meeting of the latter year. This paper deals mainly with advances in geophysics since 1940. Marked progress has been made in the amount of geophysical activity, in the number of new oil fields discovered per year based wholly or partially on geophysics, in geophysical techniques, and in education. Improvements in instrumentation, field operational procedures, and interpretation methods have steadily increased the usefulness of the three major methods—seismic, gravity, and magnetic. The development of the aerial magnetometer, especially, and the underwater gravimeter represent notable achievements. These developments have made possible the extension of geophysical activity offshore, and in many other areas previously considered inaccessible. Advances have also been made in logging, particularly in the radioactivity type, geochemistry and electrical prospecting. Research, both fundamental and applied, is being conducted on a greater scale now than in 1940 or prior thereto. Increased geological‐geophysical coordination has led to better appreciation and utilization of the geophysical methods and has resulted in the discovery of important oil and gas reserves. Novel or more direct oil finding methods may possibly be discovered or perfected. It is more probable, however, that the future of exploration geophysics will be primarily in the continual refinement of the present known methods. Advances in exploration geophysics and geology, along with teamwork, should insure adequate production and reserves within the United States for a long period. This is predicated on our nation having competitive free enterprise, which has been responsible for the leadership of this country in oil finding, producing, transporting and refining techniques.

THE FUTURE OF GEOPHYSICS

Geophysics ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-515
Author(s):  
Paul L. Lyons
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
The United States ◽  
Important Place ◽  
World Petroleum ◽  
Geophysical Exploration ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
The World ◽  
New Phase

The year 1955 marks a continued decline in exploration for oil in the United States and in the world as judged from the employment of seismograph parties. The decline indicates that in the United States we have passed an upper limit of action within the framework of exploration practices as they have existed. The precipitate rise of geophysical exploration was due to the effort of exploration companies to be “firstest with the mostest.” The rapid coverage of prospective oil areas in the United States and in world, however, has not resulted in a complete exploration of the sedimentary areas. Many areas may be considered virtually unexplored. In addition, frontiers exist in the search for very‐small‐relief structures and stratigraphic traps by geophysical methods. Application of improved instruments, techniques, and interpretations to these problems will result in a new phase of sustained exploration with successes going to those with the most complete information and the best ideas. A changing geophysics will occupy an important place in the world petroleum economy, with at least 450 billion barrels of oil yet to be found.

GEOPHYSICS—FULL PARTNER

Geophysics ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-232
Author(s):  
Morgan J. Davis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
The United States ◽  
Salt Dome ◽  
New Method ◽  
Testing Ground ◽  
Exploratory Wells

The advent of exploration geophysics in the United States was in late 1922 when torsion balances were brought over to the United States from Germany by both the Roxana (the predecessor of Shell) and the Amerada Petroleum Corporation. The first survey in the Gulf Coast of Texas was at Spindletop in December, 1922, under the direction of Donald C. Barton, who later and at the time of his death in 1939 was Humble’s chief research geologist. It was Donald Barton’s idea that the known shallow piercement‐type salt dome at Spindletop would furnish a testing ground for this new method. It should be recorded that an excellent anomaly was found in this survey. Discouraging results followed, however, as other known structures were found to give no significant anomaly, and in other instances where anomalous areas were outlined they were condemned by the drilling of exploratory wells. In March, 1924—about a year and a half later—however, an outstanding anomaly was found in the Nash area, Fort Bend County, Texas. In November of that same year dome material was found by the drill, and the discovery of the Nash Dome was a reality. It was not until January 3, 1926, though, that oil was found on the flank of the dome, and this is probably the first oil found as a result of the use of geophysical methods in the United States.

scholarly journals The Effect of Massachusetts' Health Reform on Employer-Sponsored Insurance Premiums

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
John F Cogan ◽  
R. Glenn Hubbard ◽  
Daniel Kessler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Reform ◽  
Medical Expenditure Panel Survey ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Insurance Premiums ◽  
Reform Plan ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

In this paper, we use publicly available data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey - Insurance Component (MEPS-IC) to investigate the effect of Massachusetts' health reform plan on employer-sponsored insurance premiums. We tabulate premium growth for private-sector employers in Massachusetts and the United States as a whole for 2004 - 2008. We estimate the effect of the plan as the difference in premium growth between Massachusetts and the United States between 2006 and 2008—that is, before versus after the plan—over and above the difference in premium growth for 2004 to 2006. We find that health reform in Massachusetts increased single-coverage employer-sponsored insurance premiums by about 6 percent, or $262. Although our research design has important limitations, it does suggest that policy makers should be concerned about the consequences of health reform for the cost of private insurance.

scholarly journals La contrebande des produits du tabac au Canada entre 1985 et 1994 et le cas particulier du Québec

Criminologie ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Alain
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Mass Consumption ◽  
Cigarette Taxes ◽  
Geographical Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference

The professional smuggling of mass consumption products develops when demand for a product is not adequately fulfilled by the legitimate market. The difficulties encountered in supplying are, in most contemporary cases, caused by real rarity of the desired product. For other cases, however, the rarity is largely virtual in that government taxes aimed at the product in question lead to increasing the product's price to a prohibitive end. This was the case with cigarettes in Canada between 1985 and 1994. Before both, the federal and provincial, governments decided to drastically decrease cigarette taxes in February 1994, the price for a pack of cigarettes was five to six times higher than the same product in the United States. This article begins with a brief review of the contribution made by economists in regard to contemporary smuggling. Focus will be aimed at common characteristics of the smuggling phenomenon across the world. Elements which are more particular to the Canadian smuggling situation will be identified as well. While the difference in the price of cigarettes between Canada and the United States would seem to be the undeniable driving force behind the development of smuggling activities at the countries ' border, one key question remains unexplained. Why was the volume of contraband unequally distributed across Canada even though the price of cigarettes remained largely consistent throughout all provinces? The level of organization of smuggling networks was much higher in Eastern Canada, and particularly in Quebec, than it was in the western provinces. It is argued that the reasons for this are not only due to price, but to a series of political, historical, and geographical factors which allowed cigarette smugglers to function better in Quebec than in the rest of the country.

Equal Opportunity in a Pluralistic Society

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Nickel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pluralistic Society ◽  
Self Image ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The U.S

The United States has never been culturally or religiously homogeneous, but its diversity has greatly increased over the last century. Although the U.S. was first a multicultural nation through conquest and enslavement, its present diversity is due equally to immigration. In this paper I try to explain the difference it makes for one area of thought and policy – equal opportunity – if we incorporate cultural and religious pluralism into our national self-image. Formulating and implementing a policy of equal opportunity is more difficult in diverse, pluralistic countries than it is in homogeneous ones. My focus is cultural and religious diversity in the United States, but my conclusions will apply to many other countries – including ones whose pluralism is found more in religion than in culture.

scholarly journals An analysis of income differentials by marital status

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Madalozzo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
The United States ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Income Differentials ◽  
Marriage Premium ◽  
Unmarried Cohabitation ◽  
Marriage Penalty ◽  
The Difference

Unmarried cohabitation has become a more frequently observed phenomenon over the last three decades, and not only in the United States. The objective of this work is to examine income differentials between married women and those who remain single or cohabitate. The empirical literature shows that, while the marriage premium is verified in different studies for men, the result for women is not conclusive. The main innovation of my study is the existence of controls for selection. In this study, we have two sources of selectivity: into the labor force and into a marital status category. The switching regressions and the Oaxaca decomposition results demonstrate the existence of a significant penalty for marriage. Correcting for both types of selection, the difference in wages varies between 49% and 53%, when married women are compared with cohabiting ones, and favors non-married women. This result points to the existence of a marriage penalty.

scholarly journals INTERVENSI KEBIJAKAN MONETER TERHADAP INVESTASI PORTOFOLIO: KASUS INDONESIA DAN AMERIKA SERIKAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nanda Alfarina ◽  
Hasdi Aimon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Portfolio Investment ◽  
Mechanism Analysis ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Effect Of Monetary Policy

This study aims to determine the effect of monetary policy measured by the central bank’s policy rate (X1) on portfolio investment (Y) in Indonesia and United States in the long run. The data used are secondary data seouced from SEKI BI, FRED The FEd, coinmarketcap.com, and investing.com, with the VECM (Vector Error Correction Mechanism) analysis methode. The study show The study shows the differences between the results that occur in Indonesia and the United States. The policy interest rate has a significant positive effect on portfolio investment in the long run in Indonesia, while in the United States the interest rate in the long run has a significant negative effect on portfolio investment. The difference in research results between the two countries shows the need for different treatment for monetary authorities in encouraging portfolio investment 

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