Experimental Studies of a Perceptual Anomaly

1958 ◽  
Vol 104 (436) ◽  
pp. 792-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Shapiro ◽  
Barbara Tizard
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Rotation Effect ◽  
The Subject

The experiment to be reported in this paper stems from previous work on the block design rotation effect (Shapiro, 2, 3, 4; Yates, 9, 10; Williams, Lubin et al., 7). As is well known, the block design test in its various forms: Kohs, Wechsler and Goldstein Scheerer, requires the subject to reproduce, with one-inch multi-coloured cubes, a series of abstract designs. It has been reported by a number of observers that subjects sometimes leave their reproductions in a rotated position, although otherwise the designs have been correctly reproduced.

Experimental Studies of a Perceptual Anomaly. III. The Testing of an Explanatory Theory

1953 ◽  
Vol 99 (416) ◽  
pp. 394-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Rotation Effect ◽  
Explanatory Theory ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Subject

This is the third of a series of articles reporting an investigation of the block design rotation effect. This effect is shown by some patients when they are doing the Kohs' Blocks Test, which is known in other forms as the Block Design Test. In this test the subject has to reproduce patterns with the aid of diversely coloured one-inch cubes. It was observed that some patients, while they reproduced these patterns correctly, left their blocks in an obviously rotated position, apparently with no idea that anything was amiss (see Illus tration i). Such rotation can often be as great as 45°.

Experimental Studies of a Perceptual Anomaly

1954 ◽  
Vol 100 (421) ◽  
pp. 975-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Yates
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Rotation Effect ◽  
The Subject

This is the fourth of a series of articles reporting an investigation into the Block Design Rotation Effect. This effect was first observed in some patients while they were doing the Goldstein Block Design Test, in which the subject has to reproduce patterns with the aid of coloured cubes. Some patients, while completing the designs correctly, would leave the completed pattern in a rotated position without apparently being aware of this (2). Such rotation frequently reached 45° (Illustration 1) but rarely exceeded this amount.

THE INFLUENCE OF AGE ON PERFORMANCE AS SHOWN BY EXERCISE TESTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-741
Author(s):  
D. B. Dill
Keyword(s):  
Work Performance ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Business Administration ◽  
Distance Runner ◽  
Indiana University ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
The Subject ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Many ◽  
Harvard School

THE STUDY of work performance as related to age began in this country when Sid Robinson joined the group at the Fatigue Laboratory of the Harvard School of Business Administration. In the winter of 1936-7, he persuaded five champion milers who were in Boston for indoor meets to run on the Laboratory's treadmill on week-ends. Simultaneously, he was chiefly engaged in studying treadmill performance as related to age. This was the subject of his doctorate thesis published later under the title: "Experimental Studies of Physical Fitness as Related to Age". The 91 subjects ranged in age from boys 6 years of age to one man of 91. There were eight 6-year-olds, 10 between 8 and 13 and 20 between 48 and 76. Robinson's background as an Olympic middle-distance runner and as an assistant track coach at Indiana University gave him skill in dealing with the many diverse problems that confronted him. Often he was faced with sociological-psychological problems more difficult to solve than the physiological problems. Indicative of his success is the fact that the subjects were volunteers—no money was offered as an inducement to come to the laboratory. Also worthy of note is that there was no untoward incident throughout the study. Robinson's plan included respiratory, circulatory and metabolic observations in the basal state and in two grades of exercise. He describes the work experiments as follows: (pp. 251-3, reference 2) "After the above observations were completed, the subject performed two grades of work on a motor-driven treadmill, set at an angle of 8.6% in all experiments. Each subject below 73 years of age first walked at 5.6 km per hour for 15 minutes; this raises the oxygen consumption 7 or 8 times the basal level. After resting 10 minutes, he ran or in some cases, walked, at a rate which exhausted him in 2 to 5 minutes.

scholarly journals Температурные зависимости электропроводности и магнитной восприимчивости кристаллов твердых растворов Sb-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=--Bi-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 1162
Author(s):  
Н.П. Степанов ◽  
В.Ю. Наливкин ◽  
А.К. Гильфанов ◽  
А.А. Калашников ◽  
Е.Н. Трубицына
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
Temperature Dependences ◽  
The Subject

Solid solutions Bi2Te3-Sb2Te3 continue to be the subject of numerous and versatile experimental studies due to their practical importance for thermoelectric materials science. In this regard, the problem of studying the regularities of changes in the state of the electronic system of these semiconductors from composition and temperature remains urgent. This paper presents the results of studying the temperature dependences of the magnetic susceptibility of Bi2Te3-Sb2Te3 crystals containing 10, 25, 40, 50, 60 mol. % Sb2Te3. The correlation of the behavior of the temperature dependences of the magnetic susceptibility and electrical conductivity is analyzed.

scholarly journals O2 State in 18 O by using Core – Polarization effects

2008 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Keyword(s):  
Perturbation Theory ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Collective Model ◽  
Core Polarization ◽  
Polarization Effects ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Space Wave

Coulomb form factors for E0 transition in 18O are discussed taking into account core-polarization effects. These effects are taken into account through the collective model of Tassie and also through a microscopic perturbation theory including excitations up to 2p1f shell. Space wave model functions defined for the orbits 1 and 2125O nucleus has been the subject of extensive theoretical and experimental studies, which received much attention in last decade [Alex Brown et.al.2005]. The 18O system contains two neutrons in addition to the16O core distributed in the sd – shell. d1 are obtained from the diagonalization of the interaction Hamilonian of Wildenthal. The calculations include the 0 2state with excitation energies3.6337MeV. The core – polarization effects which incorporate the ollective model of Tassei describe the data very well for this state.

scholarly journals Brazilian Scientific Research about Acupuncture in Dentistry: Bibliometric Analysis of the Papers Presented at SBPqO Meetings

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 348
Author(s):  
José De Alencar Fernandes Neto ◽  
Pettely Thaise De Souza Santos Palmeira ◽  
Jhonatan Thiago Lacerda-Santos ◽  
Ana Luzia Araújo Batista ◽  
Thamyres Maria Silva Simões ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complementary Therapies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Research ◽  
Keywords Acupuncture ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Type Of Institution

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the Brazilian scientific production about acupuncture in dentistry, outlining the profile of the works about the subject presented at the Meetings of the Brazilian Society of Dental Research (SBPqO). It was a cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, based on secondary data. An analysis of all abstracts presented in the last ten SBPqO Meetings (2009-2018) published in the annals of the event was carried out. For the research the location of the term "acupuntura" or "acupuncture" among the abstracts was realized and the following information was collected: type of institution that carried out the research (public or private), Brazilian region where it was realized, area or specialty of dentistry and whether it involved humans or animals. Of the 26,514 dental research abstracts published in the annals, only 27 papers were experimental studies or systematic reviews about the subject. Of the total, 23 (85.2%) were developed in public institutions, 15 (55.6%) did not receive financial support 20 (74.1%) were carried out in humans and 13 (48.2%) were developed in the Southeast region. Regarding the dental specialty, the majority (70.4%) investigated acupuncture in "Temporomandibular Dysfunction and Orofacial Pain". Therefore, it can be concluded that few acupuncture studies in dentistry have been developed in the last ten years in Brazil, according to the papers presented at the SBPqO Meetings. Thus, it is suggested that research on the subject be carried out and widely disseminated between the academic and professional milieu. Keywords: Acupuncture Therapy. Dental Research. Complementary Therapies. ResumoO objetivo desse estudo foi investigar a produção científica brasileira sobre a acupuntura na odontologia, traçando o perfil dos trabalhos sobre a temática apresentados nas Reuniões da Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa Odontológica (SBPqO). Tratou-se de um estudo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, a partir de dados secundários.  Realizou-se uma análise de todos os resumos apresentados nas últimas dez Reuniões da SBPqO (2009-2018) publicados nos anais do evento. Para pesquisa procedeu-se a localização do termo “acupuntura” ou “acupuncture” entre os resumos e foram colhidas as seguintes informações: tipo de instituição que realizou a pesquisa (pública ou privada), região brasileira onde foi realizada, recebimento de auxílio financeiro, área ou especialidade da odontologia e se envolvia humanos ou animais. Dos 26.514 resumos de pesquisa odontológica publicados em anais, apenas 27 trabalhos tratavam de estudos experimentais ou revisões sistemáticas sobre a temática. Do total, 23 (85,2%) foram desenvolvidos em instituições públicas, 15 (55,6%) não receberam auxílio financeiro, 20 (74,1%) foram realizados em humanos e 13 (48,2%) desenvolvidos na região Sudeste do Brasil. Com relação a especialidade odontológica, a maioria (70,4%) pesquisou sobre a acupuntura na “Disfunção Temporomandibular e Dor Orofacial”. Os achados do presente estudo indicam que poucas pesquisas abordando a acupuntura na odontologia foram desenvolvidas nos últimos dez anos no Brasil, de acordo com os trabalhos apresentados nas Reuniões da SBPqO. Diante disso, sugere-se que pesquisas sobre o tema sejam realizadas e amplamente divulgadas entre o meio acadêmico e profissionais. Palavras-chave: Terapia por Acupuntura. Pesquisa em Odontologia. Terapias Complementares.

scholarly journals Dynamic simulations of many-body electrostatic self-assembly

2018 ◽  
Vol 376 (2115) ◽  
pp. 20170143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric B. Lindgren ◽  
Benjamin Stamm ◽  
Yvon Maday ◽  
Elena Besley ◽  
A. J. Stace
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Theoretical Chemistry ◽  
Many Body ◽  
Single Particles ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Dynamic Simulations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Small Clusters

Two experimental studies relating to electrostatic self-assembly have been the subject of dynamic computer simulations, where the consequences of changing the charge and the dielectric constant of the materials concerned have been explored. One series of calculations relates to experiments on the assembly of polymer particles that have been subjected to tribocharging and the simulations successfully reproduce many of the observed patterns of behaviour. A second study explores events observed following collisions between single particles and small clusters composed of charged particles derived from a metal oxide composite. As before, observations recorded during the course of the experiments are reproduced by the calculations. One study in particular reveals how particle polarizability can influence the assembly process. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Modern theoretical chemistry’.

Hydraulic characteristics and calculation of the innovative systems of surface runoff disposal

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Ю.В. Брянская ◽  
А.Э. Тен ◽  
Н.Т. Джумагулова ◽  
Г.Н. Громов
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Hydraulic Characteristics ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Intensive Development ◽  
Selection Of

В условиях интенсивного развития новых отечественных и зарубежных технологий, материалов и оборудования, применяемых для защиты окружающей природной среды от загрязнений техногенного происхождения, особую актуальность приобретают разработки новых систем отвода и очистки поверхностных сточных вод. Эти системы позволяют использовать последние достижения отраслевой науки и оптимизировать алгоритм выполнения операций и практических приемов их гидравлического расчета. Примером является инновационная система отвода поверхностных сточных вод АСО Qmax, которая относится к открытой системе каналов (лотков) для сбора и отведения поверхностных сточных вод, формирующихся при выпадении атмосферных осадков. Однако широкому применению данного вида конструкций в России препятствует отсутствие методики их гидравлического расчета, в том числе таблиц для подбора сечений (диаметров) каналов, которая бы удовлетворяла требованиям российской нормативно-методической базы проектирования систем отведения поверхностных сточных вод. В этой связи предметом данной статьи явилась оценка гидравлических характеристик трубопроводов, каналов (лотков) системы водоотвода АСО Qmax. Приведены результаты теоретических и экспериментальных исследований гидравлических характеристик системы АСО Qmaxс учетом адаптации для российских условий и нормативных требований, а также обоснование рекомендуемых параметров для их использования. In the context of the intensive development of new domestic and foreign technologies, materials and equipment used to protect the environment from anthropogenic pollution, the development of advanced systems for surface runoff removal and treatment is of special actuality. These systems provide for using the latest achievements of the sectoral science and optimizing the algorithm for performing operations and practical methods for the hydraulic calculations. An example of the innovative surface runoff disposal system is ASO Qmax, that refers to an open system of channels for the collection and disposal of surface runoff formed during precipitation. However, the widespread use of these facilities in Russia is hampered by the lack of a method for the hydraulic calculations, including tables for the selection of cross-sections (diameters) of channels that meet the requirements of the Russian guidelines and regulations for the design of surface runoff disposal systems. In this regard, the subject of this paper is the estimation of the hydraulic characteristics of pipelines, channels of ASO Qmax drainage system. The results of theoretical and experimental studies of the hydraulic characteristics of ASO Qmax system with account of the adaptation for the Russian conditions and regulatory requirements, as well as the justification of the recommended parameters for their use are presented.

Experimental Studies of a Perceptual Anomaly. II. Confirmatory and Explanatory Experiments

1952 ◽  
Vol 98 (413) ◽  
pp. 605-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Test ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Measurable Change

The first paper in this series described a number of experiments on a single subject, carried out to investigate an anomaly observed during performance of the Kohs Blocks test. This anomaly consisted of making the model correctly but rotated. (Illustration 1.)The first hypothesis adopted to explain this observation was that anomalies of perception are functions of disturbed figure-ground relations (Goldstein and Scheerer, 1941). This hypothesis is not precise enough to permit a deduction which would make possible an exact experimental test, i.e., a deduction defining the conditions which would produce a measurable change in the rotation phenomenon. It was therefore necessary to arrive at more definite ideas about figure-ground relations. Such ideas were found in three hypotheses developed by Goldstein and Scheerer (1941) to account for variations in speed of carrying out the Block Design test. The first of these is that the square orientation (e.g., Cards a and b in Illustration 2) of a figure would tend to diminish the frequency of appearance of the anomaly, while the diamond orientation would increase it (e.g., Cards c and d in Illustration 2).

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