scholarly journals Development of weight and shape concerns in the aetiology of eating disorders

2001 ◽  
Vol 179 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon G. Gowers ◽  
Alison Shore
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Alternative Pathway ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Weight Concern ◽  
Developmental Pathway ◽  
Weight And Shape Concerns ◽  
Abnormal Eating ◽  
Shape Concern ◽  
Weight And Shape Concern

BackgroundAlthough weight and shape concerns are considered to be integral to the psychopathology of anorexia and bulimia nervosa, uncertainties remain about developmental aspects of the aetiology of these concerns and their relationship to eating disorders.AimsTo review the recent literature on weight and shape concern, with particular emphasis on aetiology, to identify a possible developmental pathway from weight concern through abnormal eating behaviour to disorder.MethodLiterature review of Medline and Psychlit databases using the keywords ‘eating disosrder’, ‘weight concern’, ‘shape concern’ and ‘aetiology’. Inclusion criteria were based on the strength of quantitative research findings, originality of ideas and recent publication.ResultsWeight and shape concerns follow a developmental pathway arising before the typical age for the development of eating disorders. The origins are multifactorial, with biological, family and sociocultural features predominating.ConclusionsAlthough weight and shape concern seems commonly to underlie the development of eating disorders, an alternative pathway appears to exist through impulsivity and fear of loss of control. Prevention strategies may usefully focus on the attitudes and concerns that lead to dieting behaviour.

Weight Concern, Body Image, and Abnormal Eating in College Women Tennis Players and Their Coaches

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary B. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
College Women ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Weight Concern ◽  
Weight Concerns ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Abnormal Eating

In order to study weight concerns and eating disorders in women tennis players, 107 women tennis players and 26 women’s tennis coaches from colleges across the U.S. responded to questionnaires relating to weight concern, body image, and abnormal eating. When evaluating drawings of female figures, players and coaches both considered the ideal body shape to be smaller than the healthiest one. Most players had normal weight, eating habits, and self-esteem; however, they also exhibited noticeable concern about their weight and appearance. Coaches revealed only moderate knowledge of weight related issues, believed such knowledge to be important, recognized that most of their players were of normal weight, and revealed somewhat negative feelings about overweight people. Players and coaches shared a healthy attitude toward tennis. The results of this study do not imply that college women tennis players are at greater risk of eating disorders than other young women, nor that college coaches are encouraging abnormal eating behaviors.

scholarly journals The Presentation of Eating Disorders in Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisha Jawed ◽  
Amy Harrison ◽  
Dagmara Dimitriou
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Weight Concern ◽  
Global Score ◽  
Eating Disorder Examination ◽  
Shape Concern ◽  
Report Measure

Objective: There is lack of information on the presentation of eating disorders (EDs) in Saudi Arabia using gold standard clinical tools. The present study aimed to provide data on the presentation of EDs in Saudi Arabia using clinically validated measures.Method: Hundred and thirty-three individuals (33 male) with a mean age of 22 years (2.63) completed three measures: the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE), a semi-structured interview, the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), a self-report measure, and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) to measure comorbid symptoms.Results: Individuals in Saudi Arabia reported higher levels of restraint, eating concern and shape concern and a higher global score, but lower levels of weight concern on the EDE-Q compared to the EDE. Female participants reported a higher global score, alongside significantly higher scores on the restraint, shape concern and weight concern subscales than males. The most common ED subtype was other specific feeding or ED. Compared with Western community samples, symptom severity in this purposive sample obtained from community settings was significantly higher in this sample.Discussion: Individuals with eating, weight and shape concerns in Saudi Arabia may feel more comfortable expressing their symptoms on a self-report tool compared with a face to face interview. However, it is possible that a self-report measure may over-estimate the severity of symptoms. The data suggest that clinicians in Saudi Arabia should regularly screen for EDs in all genders. It is also important to note that ED symptoms are a cause for concern in young people in Saudi Arabia.

Leptin Functioning in Eating Disorders

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palmiero Monteleone ◽  
Antonio DiLieto ◽  
Eloisa Castaldo ◽  
Mario Maj
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Abnormal Eating ◽  
The Brain

AbstractLeptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone, which is involved predominantly in the long-term regulation of body weight and energy balance by acting as a hunger suppressant signal to the brain. Leptin is also involved in the modulation of reproduction, immune function, physical activity, and some endogenous endocrine axes. Since anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are characterized by abnormal eating behaviors, dysregulation of endogenous endocrine axes, alterations of reproductive and immune functions, and increased physical activity, extensive research has been carried out in the last decade in order to ascertain a role of this hormone in the pathophysiology of these syndromes. In this article, we review the available data on leptin physiology in patients with eating disorders. These data support the idea that leptin is not directly involved in the etiology of AN or BN. However, malnutrition-induced alterations in its physiology may contribute to the genesis and/or the maintenance of some clinical manifestations of AN and BN and may have an impact on the prognosis of AN.

Eating Behaviour and Perfectionism in Students: A Prospective Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
M.J. Soares ◽  
B. Maia ◽  
A.T. Pereira ◽  
A. Gomes ◽  
M. Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Abnormal Eating Attitudes ◽  
Abnormal Eating ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
One Year ◽  
A Prospective Study

Aim:To investigate the role of perfectionism in the development of disordered eating behaviours.Method:382 female university students completed the Hewitt & Flett MPS and the EAT-40 at baseline, one year after (T1) and two years later (T2).Results:Perfectionism at baseline was significantly associated with long-term abnormal eating attitudes/behaviours. Self-Oriented Perfectionism (SOP) and Socially Prescribed Perfectionism (SPP) were significant predictors of disordered eating behaviours. SOP at baseline was predictive of diet concerns, at T1 and T2. Baseline SPP was correlated with overall eating disturbance at T1 and T2. Regression analysis revealed that only SPP was a significant predictor of bulimic behaviours and social pressure to eat at T1, but not at T2.Conclusion:Our findings contribute to a more clear understanding of the association between perfectionism and eating disorders. SOP and SPP were prospectively associated with abnormal eating attitudes/behaviours and SOP was found to be predictive of diet concerns.

Eating behaviour of male racing jockeys

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. King ◽  
Gillian Mezey
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Eating Attitudes Test ◽  
Food Avoidance ◽  
Population Mean ◽  
Appetite Suppressants ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

SynopsisJockeys based in racing stables in the Newmarket and Epsom areas of England were screened using the 26-item Eating Attitudes Test. The mean score of the EAT was 14·9, significantly above that reported for males in other studies. The response rate was poor, but 10 jockeys agreed to a full psychiatric and eating interview. The majority of jockeys interviewed reported food avoidance, the use of saunas, and the abuse of laxatives. Diuretics and appetite suppressants were also used. Bingeing was common, but self-induced vomiting was unusual. Current weights were 13% below, and the lowest reported weights 21% below, matched population mean weights. The relationship between these forms of eating behaviour and clinical eating disorders is discussed.

Anorexia Nervosa and Pregnancy: A Case Report

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
L.C. Castro ◽  
S. Moreira ◽  
A. Lopes ◽  
M. Branco
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Restrictive Eating ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
The Impact

Background:Several studies report that women with a history of eating disorders are at higher risk of pregnancy complications and major adverse perinatal outcomes.Aim:To report a case of anorexia nervosa during pregnancy, in order to underline the impact of eating disorders on pregnancy.Methods:Case study and review of the literature.Results:A 32 year old woman was hospitalized in an obstetric service of a general hospital for high risk pregnancy complications. She maintained a disturbed eating behaviour, with periods of restrictive eating and bulimic-purging episodes. She was underweight, did not reach the recommended weight gain during pregnancy and showed intrauterine growth restriction. The Psychiatry Liasion Unit was asked to follow the case during the obstetric hospitalization.Discussion:Pregnant women with eating disorders have higher risk of pregnancy and neonatal complications. Pregnancy is a privileged opportunity to maximize intervention in eating disorders, since women show higher levels of motivation for therapy. Some cases of anorexia nervosa may warrant special obstetric care to ensure adequate prenatal nutrition and fetal development. Since there are few studies on this topic and they report conflicting results, it is a relevant area for future research.

A quantitative study of body-related attitudes in patients with anorexia and bulimia nervosa

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 961-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
David I. Ben-Tovim ◽  
M. Kay Walker
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Weight And Shape Concerns ◽  
Body Attitudes ◽  
Extreme Responses ◽  
Diverse Groups

SynopsisThe Ben-Tovim Walker Body Attitudes Questionnaire (BAQ) is a psychometrically sound self-report instrument for assessing women's attitudes towards their own bodies. The BAQ responses of a large sample of patients with eating disorders (ED) diagnosed in accordance with DSM-III-R criteria were compared with those from a normative population and from diverse groups of psychiatrically and physically ill patients. The ED group was distinct, and showed extreme responses in the area of weight and shape concerns. But a better discrimination between the ED and other populations was achieved using subscales that related to ‘body disparagement’ (an intense loathing of the body) and ‘attractiveness’, rather than to weight and shape concerns. ED patients may have a more pervasive disturbance in body-related attitudes than is currently widely accepted. Patients with anorexia and bulimia nervosa showed very similar attitudes despite the symptomatic differences between the groups.

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