scholarly journals The Burden of Care: The Impact of Functional Psychiatric Illness on the Patient's Family

1987 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-128
Author(s):  
Anne Brown
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Burden Of Care ◽  
The Impact

Pre-Existing Psychiatric Illness Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Delirium in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 088506662110190
Author(s):  
Saminder Singh Kalra ◽  
Johnny Jaber ◽  
Bashar N. Alzghoul ◽  
Ryan Hyde ◽  
Sarina Parikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Psychiatric Illnesses ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Icu Delirium ◽  
The Impact

Background: Patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are highly susceptible to developing delirium for a multitude of reasons. Previous studies have linked pre-existing depression with an increased risk of postoperative delirium in patients undergoing cardiac and non-cardiac surgery. However, the evidence regarding the association between pre-existing psychiatric illnesses and delirium in ARDS patients is unknown. In this study, we aim to determine the relationship between pre-existing psychiatric illness and the risk of development of delirium amongst ARDS patients. Study Design and Methods: We performed a retrospective study of a mixed group of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) between January 2016 and December 2019 with a diagnosis of ARDS per the Berlin definition. The study group was divided into 2 cohorts: subjects with delirium and subjects without delirium. Comparison between the 2 groups was conducted to examine the impact of pre-existing psychiatric illnesses including major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or post-traumatic stress disorder. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed adjusting for benzodiazepine use, sedatives, analgesics, sequential organ failure assessment score, and corticosteroid use to determine the association between pre-existing psychiatric disorders and delirium. Results: 286 patients with ARDS were identified; 124 (43%) of whom were diagnosed with ICU delirium. In patients diagnosed with ICU delirium, 49.2% were found to have preexisting psychiatric illnesses, compared to 34.0% without any preexisting psychiatric illness (OR = 1.94, P = 0.01). In a subgroup analysis of individual psychiatric illnesses, GAD and MDD were associated with the development of delirium (OR = 1.88, P = 0.04 and OR = 1.76, P = 0.05 respectively). Interpretation: ARDS patients with preexisting psychiatric illnesses, particularly GAD and MDD are associated with an increased risk of developing ICU delirium. Clinicians should be aware of the effect of psychiatric co-morbidities on developing delirium in critically ill patients.

The association of psychiatric and neurological comorbidities with outcomes in traumatic injury patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 009121742198914
Author(s):  
Jennifer Brady ◽  
R David Hayward ◽  
Elango Edhayan
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidities ◽  
Trauma Outcomes ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction Mental illness is a well-known risk factor for injury and injury recidivism. The impact of pre-existing psychiatric illness on trauma outcomes, however, has received less attention. Our study examines the relationship of pre-existing psychiatric illness on trauma outcomes including length of stay, cost, and mortality. Methods Patient data were obtained from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project’s State Inpatient Database. All patients admitted for trauma in the Detroit metropolitan area from 1/1/2006 to 12/31/2014 were included. The relationship between individual psychiatric comorbidities (depression, psychosis, and other neurological disorders) and outcomes were evaluated with logistic regression (mortality) and generalized linear modeling (length of stay and cost). Results Over 260,000 records were reviewed. Approximately one-third (29.9%) of patients had one or more psychiatric diagnoses. Patients with depression had longer hospital stays (RR = 1.12, p < 0.001) and higher costs (RR = 1.07, p < 0.001), but also lower mortality (OR = 0.69, p < 0.001). Patients with psychosis had longer stays (RR = 1.18, p < 0.001), higher costs (RR = 1.02, p = 0.002), and lower mortality (OR = 0.61, p < 0.001). Patients with other neurological comorbidities had higher mortality (OR = 1.23, p < 0.001), longer stays (RR = 1.29, p < 0.001), and higher costs (RR = 1.10, p < 0.001). Conclusion Patients with a psychiatric disorder required longer care and incurred greater costs, whereas mortality was higher for only those with a neurological disorder. Identifying patients’ psychiatric comorbidities at the time of admission for trauma may help optimize treatment. Addressing these conditions may help reduce the cost of trauma care.

scholarly journals NURSES’ PERCEPTIONS ON THE READMISSION OF PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS ONE YEAR AFTER DISCHARGE

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Nxasana ◽  
G. Thupayagale-Tshweneagae
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Cultural Interpretation ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Nurses Perceptions ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews

A qualitative study using in-depth interviews with 10 nurses working with psychiatric patients was conducted in 2012. The purpose of this study was to investigate the nurses’ perceptions on the readmission of psychiatric patients within one year of discharge from Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital. Tesch’s method of data analysis was used to identify the nurses’ perceptions on the readmissions of psychiatric patients one year after discharge. The results of this study affirmed the reasons known in literature about factors associated with re-admissions, which include lack of family support, poor adherence to medications and substance and alcohol use. However, a unique finding of the study was the cultural interpretation of psychiatric illness that led to poor compliance. The study concluded that cultural interpretation of mental illness is among the many causes of readmission of psychiatric patients and may be an overarching factor. The study recommends that a study be done on exploring the cultural interpretations of psychiatric illness and the impact of those interpretations on the readmission of psychiatric patients.

Life Events and Psychiatric Disorder: the Role of a Natural Disaster

1987 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander C. McFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Fire Fighters ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Examining the impact of natural disasters on psychological health provides an opportunity to study the role played by extreme adversity in the onset of psychiatric disorder. Four hundred and sixty-nine fire-fighters who had been intensely exposed to an Australian bushfire disaster completed a detailed inventory of their experiences four months later. They also completed a brief life events schedule and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. Only 9% of the GHQ score variance could be accounted for by the disaster and other life events; the effects of the disaster appeared to be separate and additive. This is similar to the relationship between life events and psychiatric illness found in other settings. It is suggested that vulnerability is a more important factor in breakdown than the degree of stress experienced.

scholarly journals Sleep disorders in children and adolescents†

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Stores
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Sleep Medicine ◽  
Child And Adolescent Psychiatry ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Contributory Factor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryDisordered sleep has long been recognised as both a consequence of psychiatric illness and a contributory factor to its development. Significant sleep disturbance occurs in about 25% of children and adolescents and 80% or more of children in high-risk groups; it often continues into adulthood. All psychiatrists should therefore be familiar with the principles of sleep medicine and the impact of sleep and its disorders. In this article, the relationship between sleep disorders and the breadth of child and adolescent psychiatry in particular is explored. The classification, aetiology and implications of sleep disorders are discussed, as well as the practicalities of screening, diagnosis and management, with a view to informing readers how accurate diagnosis, prevention and successful treatment of sleep disorders can benefit patients and their families.

Suicide and occupation: the impact of socio-economic, demographic and psychiatric differences

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1131-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
ESBEN AGERBO ◽  
DAVID GUNNELL ◽  
JENS PETER BONDE ◽  
PREBEN BO MORTENSEN ◽  
MERETE NORDENTOFT
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Excess Risk ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Psychiatric Admission ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors ◽  
Doctors And Nurses

ABSTRACTBackgroundTo explore the risk of suicide associated with occupation while evaluating the impact of socio-economic, demographic and psychiatric differences.MethodA nested case–control study with 3195 suicides and 63 900 matched controls. Information on causes of death, occupation, psychiatric admission, marital status and socio-economic factors was obtained from routine registers.ResultsAcross the 55 occupations investigated, the risk of suicide ranged from 2·73 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1·77–4·22] among doctors to 0·44 (95% CI 0·27–0·72) among architects and engineers compared with primary school teachers. With the exception of doctors and nurses, most of the excess risk of suicide associated with particular occupations is explained by the social and economic characteristics of people in those occupations. Much, but not all, of the excess risk in doctors and nurses is due to their increased use of self-poisoning, a method for which they have the knowledge to use effectively. Occupation has little association with suicide among people who suffer from a psychiatric illness, except for doctors, where the excess risk is 3·62 (p=0·007).ConclusionsMost of the considerable variation in suicide risk across occupations is explained by socio-economic factors, except for doctors and nurses. Apart from in doctors, the risk of suicide has little association with occupation among people who suffer from a psychiatric illness. Restriction of access to lethal means is an important strategy in suicide prevention.

The Burden of Care: The Impact of HIV-Associated Dementia on Caregivers

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEAN MEADOWS ◽  
KATHRYN LE MARÉCHAL ◽  
JOSE CATALÁN
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Care ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Parental presence within households and the impact of antiretroviral therapy in Khayelitsha, Cape Town

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
Catherine Jury ◽  
Nicoli Nattrass
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
General Population ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Burden Of Care ◽  
Parental Presence ◽  
Gender And Education ◽  
Single Person ◽  
Effective Care ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Background. While household support is an important component of effective care and treatment in HIV/AIDS, there are few insights from Southern Africa into how household support arrangements change over time for patients starting antiretroviral therapy (ART).Objective. We hypothesised that patients initiating ART are more likely to be living with family, especially their mothers, compared with the general population, but that over time these differences disappear.Methods. A panel survey of ART patients was matched by age, gender and education to a comparison sample drawn from adults in Khayelitsha, Cape Town.Results. The results show that there is a substantial potential burden of care on the families of patients starting ART, particularly mothers, and that the use of ART appears to reduce this burden over time. But, even after their health is restored, ART patients are significantly less likely to have a resident sexual partner and more likely to be living in single-person households than their counterparts in the general population.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document