scholarly journals Optimizing Cardiovascular Health in Patients With Cancer: A Practical Review of Risk Assessment, Monitoring, and Prevention of Cancer Treatment–Related Cardiovascular Toxicity

2020 ◽  
pp. 501-515
Author(s):  
Susan F. Dent ◽  
Robin Kikuchi ◽  
Lavanya Kondapalli ◽  
Roohi Ismail-Khan ◽  
Christine Brezden-Masley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cardiovascular Toxicity ◽  
Patients With Cancer

Advances in cancer screening and improved treatment approaches have led to an increase in survivorship and, consequently, recognition of an association between cancer treatments and the development of cardiovascular complications. In addition, as the population becomes proportionally older, comorbid cardiovascular risk factors are more prevalent in the population and compound the risk of developing cancer treatment–related cardiovascular toxicity. Cardio-oncology has emerged as a new subspecialty of medicine that provides a multidisciplinary approach, bringing together oncologists, cardiologists, and allied health care providers who are tasked with optimizing the cardiovascular health of patients exposed to potentially cardiotoxic cancer therapy. Using a case-based approach, practical advice on how to identify, monitor, and treat patients with cancer who are at risk for developing cancer treatment–related cardiovascular dysfunction is discussed. Cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., age, hypertension, diabetes) and cancer therapies (chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiation) associated with cardiovascular toxicity are presented. Current cardiac monitoring strategies such as two- and three-dimensional echocardiography, cardiac MRI, and biomarkers (troponin and brain natriuretic peptide [BNP]) are discussed. Last, the current literature on pharmacologic (e.g., angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, β-blockers, statins) and lifestyle (diet and exercise) strategies to mitigate cardiovascular toxicity during and following completion of cancer therapy are reviewed.

scholarly journals Population-wide use of behavioural prevention and counselling programmes for lifestyle-related cardiovascular risk factors in Germany

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 849-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roma Schmitz ◽  
Susanne Jordan ◽  
Stephan Müters ◽  
Hannelore Neuhauser
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Prevention Measures

Background: Behavioural prevention and counselling programmes for lifestyle-related cardiovascular risk factors are widely offered. However, their population-wide use is largely unexplored, particularly in high-risk persons with known CVD or diabetes. Methods: Data were collected within GEDA 2009, a national health survey covering a representative sample of 21,262 adults in Germany. Standardised structured computer-assisted telephone interviews included self-reported physician-diagnosed coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, diabetes as well as height, weight, usual diet, physical activity, and the use of programmes for weight reduction, healthy diet and improvement of fitness or mobility in the last twelve months. Results: The use of prevention measures was lowest for weight reduction (men 2.1%, women 3.5%), somewhat higher for healthy diet (men 3.2%, women 4.7%), and highest for improvement of fitness or mobility (men 8.6%, women 16.1%). Among individuals with the respective risk factor, programme participation was still low: 5.5% in obese men (women 7.2%) for weight reduction, 2.8% in men (women 3.7%) who did not eat fruit or vegetables daily for healthy diet, and 7.9% in physically inactive men (women 15.7%) for improvement of fitness or mobility. In the presence of known CVD or diabetes, participation increased inconsistently and only moderately. Conclusion: Our results show low participation in behavioural prevention measures for lifestyle-related risk factors even in individuals with known CVD or diabetes. Further studies should investigate knowledge about potential programme benefit, availability and reimbursement in both patients and health care providers.

ASSOCIATION OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN CHILDREN BORN WITH LOW BIRTH WEIGHT

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Anand Shanker Singh ◽  
G . Radhika ◽  
R . Praveen Kumar ◽  
Ankita Singh ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Postnatal Risk Factors ◽  
Hs Crp

INTRODUCTION: Most studies of early programming focus on very LBWor extremely LBW, even though the majority of all LBWchildren are 2 born only with marginally LBW. The pathogenesis behind CVD is multifactorial, and for health care providers to be able to assess the risk of each individual, we need to know more about this common subgroup. AIM:Being born with LBWaffects later cardiovascular risk. RESUILT: In Marginally LBW group, 4.7(0.6) patients had Fasting glucose(mmol/L), 2.7(2.3-3.8) patients had Fasting insulin(µU/mL), 0.57(0.4-0.8) patients had HOMA-IR, 4.4(0.7) patients had Cholesterol(mmol/L), 0.50(0.2) patients had Triglyceride(mmol/L), 2.7(0.6) patients had LDL(mmol/L), 1.5(0.3) patients had HDL(mmol/L), 0.82(0.2) patients had ApoB(g/L), 1.4(0.2) patients had ApoA1 (g/L), 0.51(0.3) patients had ApoB/ApoA1and 0.24(0.1-0.7) patients had hs-CRP(mg/L). In Controls group, 3.5(0.5) patients had Fasting glucose(mmol/L), 2.8(LD-3.5) patients had Fasting insulin(µU/mL), 0.60(LD-0.7) patients had HOMA-IR, 5.5(0.8) patients had Cholesterol(mmol/L), 0.57(0.2) patients had Triglyceride(mmol/L), 2.9(0.7) patients had LDL(mmol/L), 1.4(0.3) patients had HDL(mmol/L), 0.71(0.2) patients had ApoB(g/L), 1.4(0.2) patients had ApoA1 (g/L), 0.57(0.1) patients had ApoB/ApoA1and 0.18(0.1-0.5) patients had hs-CRP(mg/L). CONCLUSION: Some risk factors originating from the fetal environment cannot be changed after birth, good cardiovascular health can be restored by inuencing postnatal risk factors before adulthood. There were no signicant differences in insulin, insulin resistance, hs-CRPor blood lipids between the marginally LBWchildren and controls.

scholarly journals Gender differences of cardiovascular risk

2019 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
E. B. Shapovalova ◽  
S. A. Maksimov ◽  
G. V. Artamonova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Social Patterns ◽  
Gender Characteristics ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Gender Based

Despite the many unresolved issues on gender characteristics of cardiovascular health, accumulated data allows to generalize global, national, ethnic, and social patterns. There are small deal of domestic studies that not always presented at a high evidentiary level. Meanwhile, in foreign literature, the study of gender characteristics is given an important place. The purpose of this review is to highlight the gender characteristics of the prevalence of the main cardiovascular risk factors according to literature data. The article shows the gender trends in the prevalence of the main determinants of cardiovascular health. It can be assumed that the cardiovascular continuum has a gender orientation and is triggered by men and women with “its own” cardiovascular risk factors. The development of this direction will help to form a gender-based prevention and treatment strategy to predict and limit adverse outcomes in a particular region of the country.

Modalities of physical activity and exercise in the management of cardiovascular health in individuals with cardiovascular risk factors

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Dominique Hansen ◽  
Martin Halle
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Control Body ◽  
Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease

Physical activity (PA) and exercise training (ET) are highly effective in the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) via improvement of cardiovascular risk factors (CV RFs), such as blood pressure (BP), lipid profile, glycaemic control, body fat mass, and inflammation. In the first part of this chapter, we describe the currently observed effects of PA and exercise intervention on these RFs. In the second part, we explain which exercise modalities should be selected to optimize these CVD RFs, especially for those patients with multiple CVD RFs.

scholarly journals Establishing a three-generation prospective study: Bogalusa daughters

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
EW Harville ◽  
D Breckner ◽  
T Shu ◽  
M Cooper ◽  
LA Bazzano
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Clinic Visit ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Developmental Origins Of Disease ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Study Designs

AbstractObjective:The Developmental Origins of Disease hypothesis has spurred increased interest in how prenatal exposures affect lifelong health, while mechanisms such as epigenetics may explain the multigenerational influences on health. Such factors are not well captured within conventional epidemiologic study designs. We explored the feasibility of collecting information on the offspring and grand-offspring of participants in a long-running study.Design:The Bogalusa Heart Study is a study, begun in 1973, of life-course cardiovascular health in a semirural population (65% white and 35% black).Main measures:Female participants who had previously provided information on their pregnancies were contacted to obtain contact information for their daughters aged 12 and older. Daughters were then contacted to obtain reproductive histories, and invited for a clinic or lab visit to measure cardiovascular risk factors.Results:Two hundred seventy-four daughters of 208 mothers were recruited; 81% (223) had a full clinic visit and 19% (51) a phone interview only. Forty-five percent of the daughters were black, and 55% white. Mean and median age at interview was 27, with 15% under the age of 18. The strongest predictors of participation were black race, recent maternal participation in the parent study, and living in or near Bogalusa. Simple correlations for cardiovascular risk factors across generations were between r = 0.19 (systolic blood pressure) and r = 0.39 (BMI, LDL).Conclusion:It is feasible to contact the children of study participants even when participants are adults, and initial information on the grandchildren can also be determined in this manner.

scholarly journals Prevalence, treatment, and control of dyslipidemia in diabetic participants of two brazilian cohorts: a place far from heaven

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Nestor S. Martins ◽  
Daniel S.S. Mello ◽  
Joaquim Barreto ◽  
Alexandre A.S. Soares ◽  
Ikaro Breder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
And Control

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE Diabetes is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular mortality. Over the last years, mortality has decreased significantly, more in individuals with diabetes than in healthy ones. That is mostly due to the control of other cardiovascular risk factors. The objective of our study was to analyze the dyslipidemia control in two diabetes cohorts. METHODS Patients from two distinct cohorts were studied, 173 patients from the BHS (Brasília Heart Study) and 222 patients from the BDS (Brazilian Diabetes Study). The data on dyslipidemia control were studied in both different populations. All patients had diabetes. RESULTS There are significant differences concerning comorbidities between the LDL-C and BDS groups. The average glycated hemoglobin is of 8.2 in the LDL-C > 100 group in comparison with 7.7 and 7.5 in the 70-100 and < 70 groups, respectively (p = 0.024). There is a higher percentage of hypertensive patients with LDL between 70-100 (63.9%), when comparing the < 70 and > 100 groups (54.3% and 54.9%, respectively; p = 0.005). Diastolic pressure is higher in the group with LDL > 100, with an average of 87 mmHg, in comparison with 82.6 mmHg and 81.9 mmHg in the 70-100 and < 70 groups, respectively (p = 0.019). The group with LDL > 100 has the greatest percentage of smokers (8.7%) in comparison with the groups with LDL between 70-100 and < 70 (5.6% and 4.3%, respectively; p = 0.015). There is also a difference in the previous incidence of coronaropathy. In the group with LDL < 70, 28.3% of patients had already experienced a previous infarction, compared with 11.1% and 10.6% in the 70-100 and > 100 groups, respectively (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The data in our study have shown that the dyslipidemia control in diabetic patients is inadequate and there is a tendency of direct association between lack of blood glucose control and lack of dyslipidemia control, in addition to the association with other cardiovascular risk factors, such as diastolic hypertension and smoking. This worsened control might be related to the plateau in the descending curve of mortality, and investments in this regard can improve the cardiovascular health in diabetic patients.

Cardiovascular Health Behaviors and Risk Factors Among Argentine and American University Students

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Gabriella Lynne Smith ◽  
Gina Fitzgerald ◽  
Don Thompson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Background Color ◽  
White Space ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Stroke Width ◽  
Low Prevalence

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;">Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in adults in both the</span><br style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;" /><span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;">United States and Argentina. Scientific literature has consistently shown the effects of behaviors and risk factors on cardiovascular health; however, few have investigated cardiovascular behaviors and risk factors in early adulthood. We assessed the associations between main cardiovascular behaviors and cardiovascular risk factors among 594 young adults in a crosscultural analysis between the United States </span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;">and Argentina through a webbased survey and vital statistics measurements. We tested our data through principle component analysis, bivariate correlations, and independent sample T-tests.After thorough analysis we saw that, cross culturally, correlations exist between cardiovascular risk factors and behaviors that are consistent in both populations. Health habit, health knowledge, health history and BMI are all significantly correlated with mean arterial pressure. T-tests showed that population groups with a higher risk factor mean also had lower behavior means, indicating that populations with poor cardiovascular behaviors correlate with an accumulation of cardiovascular risk factors. In conclusion, young adults with low prevalence of cardiovascular health behaviors have low prevalence of cardiovascular health risk factors.</span>

scholarly journals Predictive value of women’s weight trajectories in determining familial cardiovascular disorders: a family-based longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Naseri ◽  
Parisa Amiri ◽  
Amirali Zareie Shab-khaneh ◽  
Fereidoun Azizi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Bmi Trajectories ◽  
Curve Modeling ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
The Life Course

AbstractConsidering the dynamic nature of body mass index (BMI) and its importance in determining cardiovascular risks, this study aimed to investigate the life-course trajectory pattern of women’s BMI and its association with cardiovascular risk factors. A total of 1356 couples with 2976 children were recruited and followed up for an average period of 20 years. Latent growth curve modeling was applied to determine women's BMI trajectories; logistic regression was used to investigate the associations between trajectory patterns and cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension (HTN), dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus (DM), and obesity. Women were classified into three trajectories, including normal, stage 1 obesity, and stage 2 obesity. Compared to women’s in the normal trajectory group, those in obesity trajectories had higher odds ratios for HTN, DM, and dyslipidemia. Men with obese spouses showed a higher rate of HTN 1.54 (95% CI 1.05–2.25) and DM 1.55; (95% CI 1.00–2.44). The odds of men’s obesity were higher in obese spouses (OR 1.70; 95% CI 1.10–2.62). Offspring of stage 2 obese (OR 2.39; 95% CI 1.67–3.44) and stage 1 obese (OR 4.81; 95% CI 3.16–7.34) mothers were more likely to be obese. Our findings emphasized paying more attention to women with excessive weight to promote familial cardiovascular health in the communities.

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