scholarly journals Use of Bisphosphonates and Reduced Risk of Colorectal Cancer

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1146-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gad Rennert ◽  
Mila Pinchev ◽  
Hedy S. Rennert ◽  
Stephen B. Gruber
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Mevalonate Pathway ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Sports Activity ◽  
Low Dose Aspirin ◽  
History Of ◽  
Reduced Risk

Purpose Bisphosphonates are commonly used for the treatment of osteoporosis and bone metastases caused by breast cancer and were recently reported to be associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer, possibly acting through the mevalonate pathway, but their association with risk of other cancers is unknown. Patients and Methods The Molecular Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer study is a population-based, case-control study in northern Israel of patients with colorectal cancer and age-, sex-, clinic-, and ethnic group–matched controls. Long-term use of bisphosphonates before diagnosis was assessed in a subset of 933 pairs of postmenopausal female patients and controls, enrolled in Clalit Health Services, using computerized pharmacy records. Results The use of bisphosphonates for more than 1 year before diagnosis, but not for less than 1 year, was associated with a significantly reduced relative risk (RR) of colorectal cancer (RR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.71). This association remained statistically significant after adjustment in a model for vegetable consumption, sports activity, family history of colorectal cancer, body mass index, and use of low-dose aspirin, statins, vitamin D, and postmenopausal hormones (RR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.67). Concomitant use of bisphosphonates and statins did not further reduce the risk. Conclusion The use of oral bisphosphonates for more than 1 year was associated with a 59% relative reduction in the risk of colorectal cancer, similar to the recently reported association of this drug class with reduction in breast cancer risk.

Association of use of bisphosphonates with risk of colorectal cancer.

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 371-371
Author(s):  
G. Rennert ◽  
M. Pinchev ◽  
H. S. Rennert ◽  
S. B. Gruber
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Sports Activity ◽  
Low Dose Aspirin ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
One Year

371 Background: Bisphosphonates are commonly used for the treatment of osteoporosis and of bone metastases due to breast cancer and were recently reported to be associated with reduced risk of breast cancer, but their association with risk of other cancers is unknown. Methods: The Molecular Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer (MECC) study is a population-based case-control study in northern Israel of colorectal cancer cases and age/sex/clinic/ethnic-group matched controls. Use of bisphosphonates prior to diagnosis was assessed in a subset of 933 pairs of post-menopausal female cases and controls, enrolled in Clalit Health Services (CHS), using computerized pharmacy records. Results: The use of bisphosphonates for more than one year prior to diagnosis, but not for less than a year, was associated with a significantly reduced relative risk of colorectal cancer (odds ratio=0.50, 95% CI: 0.35-0.71). This association remained statistically significant after adjustment for, vegetable consumption, sports activity, family history of colorectal cancer, , BMI, use of low-dose aspirin, statins, vitamin D and post-menopausal hormones (OR=0.40, 0.24-0.64). Concomitant use of bisphosphonates and statins did not further reduce the risk. Conclusions: The use of oral bisphosphonates for more than 1 year was associated with a 60% relative reduction in the risk of colorectal cancer similar to the recently reported association of this drug class with reduction in breast cancer risk. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Use of Bisphosphonates and Risk of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (22) ◽  
pp. 3577-3581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gad Rennert ◽  
Mila Pinchev ◽  
Hedy S. Rennert
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Postmenopausal Breast Cancer ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Sports Activity ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Positive ◽  
History Of

Purpose Bisphosphonates are commonly used for the treatment of osteoporosis and for prevention and treatment of skeletal lesions due to malignancy. However, the association between the use of bisphosphonates and the risk of developing breast cancer has not been reported. Patients and Methods The Breast Cancer in Northern Israel Study is a population-based case-control study in northern Israel of patients with breast cancer and age-, clinic-, and ethnic-group matched controls. Use of bisphosphonates was assessed in 4,039 postmenopausal patients and controls, members of Clalit Health Services, using pharmacy records. Results The use of bisphosphonates for longer than 1 year before diagnosis, but not for shorter than 1 year, was associated with a significantly reduced relative risk of breast cancer (odds ratio [OR], 0.61; 95% CI, 0.50 to 0.76). This association remained significant after adjustment for age, fruit, and vegetable consumption, sports activity, family history of breast cancer, ethnic group, body mass index, use of calcium supplements, hormone replacement therapy use, number of pregnancies, months of breast feeding, and age at first pregnancy (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.90). Breast cancer risk did not change further if bisphosphonates were used for more years. Breast tumors identified in bisphosphonates users were more often estrogen receptor positive and less often poorly differentiated. Conclusion The use of bisphosphonates for longer than 1 year was associated with a 28% relative reduction in the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. Tumors developing under bisphosphonates treatment tended to have a favorable prognostic factors profile.

scholarly journals Colorectal Cancer Risk Prediction Tool for White Men and Women Without Known Susceptibility

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 686-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew N. Freedman ◽  
Martha L. Slattery ◽  
Rachel Ballard-Barbash ◽  
Gordon Willis ◽  
Bette J. Cann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vigorous Activity ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
History Of

Purpose Given the high incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC), and the availability of procedures that can detect disease and remove precancerous lesions, there is a need for a model that estimates the probability of developing CRC across various age intervals and risk factor profiles. Methods The development of separate CRC absolute risk models for men and women included estimating relative risks and attributable risk parameters from population-based case-control data separately for proximal, distal, and rectal cancer and combining these estimates with baseline age-specific cancer hazard rates based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) incidence rates and competing mortality risks. Results For men, the model included a cancer-negative sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy in the last 10 years, polyp history in the last 10 years, history of CRC in first-degree relatives, aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use, cigarette smoking, body mass index (BMI), current leisure-time vigorous activity, and vegetable consumption. For women, the model included sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy, polyp history, history of CRC in first-degree relatives, aspirin and NSAID use, BMI, leisure-time vigorous activity, vegetable consumption, hormone-replacement therapy (HRT), and estrogen exposure on the basis of menopausal status. For men and women, relative risks differed slightly by tumor site. A validation study in independent data indicates that the models for men and women are well calibrated. Conclusion We developed absolute risk prediction models for CRC from population-based data, and a simple questionnaire suitable for self-administration. This model is potentially useful for counseling, for designing research intervention studies, and for other applications.

Colorectal cancer risk prediction tool for men and women without known susceptibility

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15002-e15002
Author(s):  
A. N. Freedman ◽  
M. L. Slattery ◽  
R. Ballard-Barbash ◽  
G. Willis ◽  
B. J. Cann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vigorous Activity ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
History Of

e15002 Background: Given the high incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC), and the availability of procedures that can detect disease and remove precancerous lesions, there is a need for a model that estimates the probability of developing CRC across various age intervals and risk factor profiles. Methods: The development of separate CRC absolute risk models for men and women included estimating relative risks and attributable risk parameters from population-based case-control data separately for proximal, distal, and rectal cancer and combining these estimates with baseline age-specific cancer hazard rates based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) incidence rates and competing mortality risks. Results: For men, the model included a cancer- negative sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy in the last 10 years, polyp history in the last 10 years, history of CRC in first-degree relatives, aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use, cigarette smoking, body mass index (BMI), current leisure-time vigorous activity, and vegetable consumption. For women, the model included sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy, polyp history, history of CRC in first-degree relatives, aspirin and NSAID use, BMI, leisure-time vigorous activity, vegetable consumption, hormone-replacement therapy (HRT), and estrogen exposure on the basis of menopausal status. For men and women, relative risks differed slightly by tumor site. A validation study in independent data indicates that the models for men and women are well calibrated. Conclusions: We developed absolute risk prediction models for CRC from population-based data, and a simple questionnaire suitable for self-administration. This model is potentially useful for counseling, for designing research intervention studies, and for other applications. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Risk Factors For Bone Pain Among Patients Receiving Myelosuppressive Chemotherapy and Primary Prophylactic Pegfilgrastim

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 1710-1710
Author(s):  
Hairong Xu ◽  
Qi Gong ◽  
Florian D Vogl ◽  
Esteban Abella ◽  
John H Page
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Pain ◽  
Employment Equity ◽  
Myelosuppressive Chemotherapy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Equity Ownership ◽  
Reduced Risk

Abstract Introduction Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a common, life-threatening side effect of myelosuppressive chemotherapy. Prophylactic pegfilgrastim (Neulasta) beginning with the first cycle of chemotherapy has been shown to reduce the incidence of FN (Vogel CL et al., J Clin Oncol., 2005). Bone pain is the most common adverse event associated with pegfilgrastim, and most incidences of bone pain can be managed with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). However, little is known about risk factors for bone pain in patients treated with pegfilgrastim. Methods This study used individual patient data from 23 Amgen-sponsored, randomized clinical trials and included adults receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy and primary prophylactic pegfilgrastim. Bone pain was identified based on the adverse events reported in the trials. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify risk factors associated with the occurrence of moderate to severe bone pain (grade 2+) in cycle 1 (the primary outcome) and across cycles 1-6 and any grade bone pain in cycle 1 and across cycles 1-6. Data collected in the trials and included in the regression model include baseline patient characteristics (gender, race, and age); disease characteristics (primary tumor type and tumor stage); treatment characteristics (taxane vs no taxane treatment and dose of pegfilgrastim); and medical history (osteoporosis/osteopenia, hypercholesterolemia, anemia, neutropenia, osteomyelitis/osteonecrosis, arthritis, peripheral neuropathy, chronic fatigue syndrome, gout, bone fracture, and bone pain). Results This study included data from 1974 patients who received myelosuppressive chemotherapy and primary prophylactic pegfilgrastim. The most frequent tumor types in the study sample were breast cancer (54.8%), non-small cell lung cancer (17.1%), and non-Hodgkins lymphoma (13.6%). 41.2% of patients had stage IV disease. Grade 2+ bone pain was reported in 372 patients (18.8%) in cycle 1 and 564 patients (28.6%) across the first 6 cycles, while any grade bone pain was reported in 709 patients (35.9%) in cycle 1 and 1016 patients (51.5%) across the first 6 cycles. In the first cycle of chemotherapy, previous history of osteoporosis/osteopenia (odds ratio [OR] 1.28; 95% CI 1.04-1.56), gout (1.44; 0.98-2.13), and bone pain (1.28; 1.09-1.49), and pegfilgrastim dose (100 mcg/kg vs a fixed dose of 6 mg; 1.68; 1.13-2.51) were associated with increased risk of grade 2+ bone pain; compared with breast cancer, colorectal cancer was associated with reduced risk of grade 2+ bone pain (0.26; 0.11-0.60) and ovarian cancer with increased risk of grade 2+ bone pain (1.89; 0.98-3.64); compared with age <45 years, age ≥65 years was associated with reduced risk of grade 2+ bone pain (0.80; 0.63-1.01) (table). Conclusions History of osteoporosis/osteopenia, history of bone pain, breast cancer (vs colorectal cancer), and younger age appear to be risk factors for bone pain in chemotherapy-treated patients who received primary prophylactic pegfilgrastim. The study results may be used to identify patients at increased risk of bone pain who may benefit from pain therapy. Disclosures: Xu: Amgen Inc. : Employment, Equity Ownership. Gong:Amgen Inc. : Employment, Equity Ownership. Vogl:Amgen Inc. : Employment, Equity Ownership. Abella:Amgen Inc. : Employment. Page:Amgen Inc. : Employment, Equity Ownership.

scholarly journals Use of Hormone Replacement Therapy and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (27) ◽  
pp. 4542-4547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gad Rennert ◽  
Hedy S. Rennert ◽  
Mila Pinchev ◽  
Ofer Lavie ◽  
Stephen B. Gruber
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Sports Activity

Purpose Estrogen/progestin replacement therapy is prescribed to women in menopause for purposes of postmenopausal symptom control or prevention of hormone deficiency–related diseases such as osteoporosis. Such treatments have formerly been shown to be associated with lower colorectal cancer risk in an as yet unknown mechanism. Patients and Methods The Molecular Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer study was a population-based case-control study in northern Israel of patients with colorectal cancer who were diagnosed between 1998 and 2006, and age-, sex-, clinic-, and ethnicity-matched population controls. Use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) was assessed using a structured interview and validated by studying prescription records in a subset of patients for whom they were available. Results Two thousand four hundred sixty peri/postmenopausal women were studied from among 2,648 patients with colorectal cancer and 2,566 controls. The self-reported use of HRT was associated with a significantly reduced relative risk of colorectal cancer (odds ratio [OR], 0.67; 95% CI, 0.51 to 0.89). This association remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, use of aspirin and statins, sports activity, family history of colorectal cancer, ethnic group, and level of vegetable consumption (OR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.62). Statistically significant interactions were seen between use of HRT and use of aspirin and involvement in sports activity. Using pharmacy data, only users of combined oral preparations demonstrated a significant negative association with colorectal cancer. Conclusion The use of oral HRT was associated with a 63% relative reduction in the risk of colorectal cancer in postmenopausal women after adjustment for other known risk factors. This effect was not found in aspirin users and women with intensive sports participation.

scholarly journals MEDALT: single-cell copy number lineage tracing enabling gene discovery

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Wang ◽  
Qihan Wang ◽  
Vakul Mohanty ◽  
Shaoheng Liang ◽  
Jinzhuang Dou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Speciation Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lineage Tracing ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Lineage Tree ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Cell

AbstractWe present a Minimal Event Distance Aneuploidy Lineage Tree (MEDALT) algorithm that infers the evolution history of a cell population based on single-cell copy number (SCCN) profiles, and a statistical routine named lineage speciation analysis (LSA), whichty facilitates discovery of fitness-associated alterations and genes from SCCN lineage trees. MEDALT appears more accurate than phylogenetics approaches in reconstructing copy number lineage. From data from 20 triple-negative breast cancer patients, our approaches effectively prioritize genes that are essential for breast cancer cell fitness and predict patient survival, including those implicating convergent evolution.The source code of our study is available at https://github.com/KChen-lab/MEDALT.

scholarly journals Multivitamin supplement use and risk of invasive breast cancer

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1540-1545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna M Meulepas ◽  
Polly A Newcomb ◽  
Andrea N Burnett-Hartman ◽  
John M Hampton ◽  
Amy Trentham-Dietz
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Multivitamin Supplement ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multivitamin Use ◽  
Hormone Use

AbstractObjectiveMultivitamin supplements are used by nearly half of middle-aged women in the USA. Despite this high prevalence of multivitamin use, little is known about the effects of multivitamins on health outcomes, including cancer risk. Our main objective was to determine the association between multivitamin use and the risk of breast cancer in women.DesignWe conducted a population-based case–control study among 2968 incident breast cancer cases (aged 20–69 years), diagnosed between 2004 and 2007, and 2982 control women from Wisconsin, USA. All participants completed a structured telephone interview which ascertained supplement use prior to diagnosis, demographics and risk factor information. Odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals were calculated using multivariable logistic regression.ResultsCompared with never users of multivitamins, the OR for breast cancer was 1·02 (95 % CI 0·87, 1·19) for current users and 0·99 (95 % CI 0·74, 1·33) for former users. Further, neither duration of use (for ≥10 years: OR = 1·13, 95 % CI 0·93, 1·38, P for trend = 0·25) nor frequency (>7 times/week: OR = 1·00, 95 % CI 0·77, 1·28, P for trend = 0·97) was related to risk in current users. Stratification by menopausal status, family history of breast cancer, age, alcohol, tumour staging and postmenopausal hormone use did not significantly modify the association between multivitamin use and breast cancer.ConclusionsThe current study found no association between multivitamin supplement use and breast cancer risk in women.

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