Clinical features and survival among patients with standard-onset versus early-onset colorectal cancer by age groups.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 3614-3614
Author(s):  
Ana Acuna Villaorduna ◽  
Nishi Shah ◽  
Sanjay Goel
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Cancer Society ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Early Onset Colorectal Cancer

3614 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is increasing in patients younger than 50 years old. Currently, there are discordant recommendations regarding CRC screening: while the American Cancer Society favors to start at age 45, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network and the US Preventive Task Force suggest starting at age 50. This study is aimed to compare the incidence, clinical characteristics and survival of patients diagnosed with standard-onset CRC (SO) versus early-onset colorectal cancer by age-groups. Methods: Patients diagnosed with CRC at ages older than 35 were identified using the SEER registry and categorized into four groups based on age at diagnosis. EO1 (35-39), EO2 (40-44), EO3 (45-49) and SO (>50) years, respectively. Incidence, clinical features and survival were compared among groups. Results: 178 678 patients were identified. 9.2% were diagnosed before 50 years. Of these, 1.4%, 2.8% and 5.1% were EO1, EO2 and EO3; respectively. Patients with early-onset CRC (EO) had higher frequency of Hispanics (13.9% vs. 8.4%, p<0.01), stage IV (24.8% vs. 17.3%, p<0.01), left-sided tumors (74.1% vs. 56.9%, p<0.01) and better survival compared to SO. Among EO groups, the frequency of poor/anaplastic grade was inversely proportional to age; stage IV was similar between EO2 and EO3 and lower in EO1. Black race, grade and stage were predictors of mortality for all EO groups; laterality was a mortality predictor in EO2 and EO3. Conclusions: EO-CRC and SO-CRC have different pathological features that should be considered for CRC screening. Higher rates of stage IV disease are encountered in patients between 40-49 years old; hence early screening should be considered. Given higher rates of left-sided tumors, sigmoidoscopy might be an adequate tool for most patients with EO-CRC. [Table: see text]

Characteristics and survival among early onset and standard onset colorectal cancer by race.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 522-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Acuna Villaorduna ◽  
Sanjay Goel
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Screening Colonoscopy ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Early Onset Colorectal Cancer

522 Background: The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EO) is increasing. Guidelines recommend to start screening colonoscopy at 45 yo in Non-Hispanic Black (NHB). We compare the clinical features and outcomes between EO and standard-onset (SO) colorectal cancer (CRC) among racial groups. Methods: Patients with CRC adenocarcinoma; available race/ethnicity and stage were identified using the SEER registry. Clinical features and 5 year-overall survival (OS) is described by racial and age groups. Results: 190 670 patients were identified. EO rates were higher for minorities than NHW. Median age at diagnosis in EO was 44 and was similar among racial groups; while it was 71 in SO, being lower among minorities compared to NHW (67 vs. 72 years, p < 0.01). Left-sided tumors accounted for 77.4% of tumors in EO while it was 60.8% in SO for minorities versus NHW. The most common CRC location for EO was the rectum and sigmoid colon for SO. EO was most commonly diagnosed as stage III. Surgery and radiation rates were higher for EO for all stages. OS was higher in all stages of EO compared to SO. Conclusions: EO frequency is higher in all minority groups and most commonly located in the rectum. Despite higher stage and grade, OS is higher for EO which might be due to higher treatment rates. Early screening should be extended to all minority groups. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals High prevalence of TP53 loss and whole-genome doubling in early-onset colorectal cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong Eun Kim ◽  
Jaeyong Choi ◽  
Chang-Ohk Sung ◽  
Yong Sang Hong ◽  
Sun Young Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Doubling ◽  
Whole Genome Doubling ◽  
Early Onset Colorectal Cancer

AbstractThe global incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) is rapidly rising. However, the reason for this rise in incidence as well as the genomic characteristics of EO-CRC remain largely unknown. We performed whole-exome sequencing in 47 cases of EO-CRC and targeted deep sequencing in 833 cases of CRC. Mutational profiles of EO-CRC were compared with previously published large-scale studies. EO-CRC and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data were further investigated according to copy number profiles and mutation timing. We classified colorectal cancer into three subgroups: the hypermutated group consisted of mutations in POLE and mismatch repair genes; the whole-genome doubling group had early functional loss of TP53 that led to whole-genome doubling and focal oncogene amplification; the genome-stable group had mutations in APC and KRAS, similar to conventional colon cancer. Among non-hypermutated samples, whole-genome doubling was more prevalent in early-onset than in late-onset disease (54% vs 38%, Fisher’s exact P = 0.04). More than half of non-hypermutated EO-CRC cases involved early TP53 mutation and whole-genome doubling, which led to notable differences in mutation frequencies between age groups. Alternative carcinogenesis involving genomic instability via loss of TP53 may be related to the rise in EO-CRC.

scholarly journals Early-onset colorectal cancer: more than one side to the story

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. CRC28
Author(s):  
Nina N Sanford ◽  
Pooja Dharwadkar ◽  
Caitlin C Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Colon Cancers ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Colon And Rectum ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Early Onset Colorectal Cancer

Aim: To determine the impact of tumor sidedness on all-cause mortality for early- (age 18–49 years) and older-onset (age ≥50 years) colorectal cancer (CRC). Materials & methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 650,382 patients diagnosed with CRC between 2000 and 2016. We examined the associations of age, tumor sidedness (right colon, left colon and rectum) and all-cause mortality. Results: For early-onset CRC (n = 66,186), mortality was highest in the youngest age group (18–29 years), driven by left-sided colon cancers (vs 50–59 years, hazard ratio: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.03–1.34). 5-year risk of death among 18–29-year-olds with left-sided colon cancer (0.42, 95% CI: 0.38, 0.46) was higher than all other age groups. Conclusion: Left-sided colon cancers are enriched in younger adults and may be disproportionately fatal.

scholarly journals High incidence of prolonged rectal bleeding and advanced stage cancer in early-onset colorectal cancer patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. CRC31
Author(s):  
Gurprataap Singh Sandhu ◽  
Rebekah Anders ◽  
Patrick Blatchford ◽  
Amy Walde ◽  
Alexis Leal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Rectal Bleeding ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients ◽  
Advanced Stage Cancer ◽  
Bleeding History ◽  
Early Onset Colorectal Cancer

Background: We examined characteristics of early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) patients to identified factors, which may lead to earlier diagnosis. Materials & methods: This is a retrospective study with inclusion criteria: CRC diagnosed between 2012 and 2018 and age at diagnosis <50 years. Results: A total of 209 patients were included (mean age 41.8 years). Of those patients 42.5% had rectal cancer and 37.8% were stage IV at initial diagnosis. Of patients with data available for rectal bleeding history (n = 173), 50.8% presented with rectal bleeding and median time from onset of bleeding to diagnosis was 180 days (interquartile range 60–365), with longer duration noted in advanced cancer. Conclusion: Prolonged rectal bleeding history was noted in a significant proportion of early-onset CRC patients, with longer duration of rectal bleeding noted in stage IV patients. Patients and primary care physicians should be made aware of this finding in order to facilitate timely referral for diagnostic workup.

The impact of primary tumor sidedness on survival in early-onset colorectal cancer by stage: A National Veterans Affairs retrospective analysis.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 31-31
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Azar ◽  
Nada Almasalmeh ◽  
Saghi Esfandiarifard ◽  
Gurjiwan Virk ◽  
Wissam Kiwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Metastatic Setting ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Early Onset Colorectal Cancer

31 Background: The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) is rising. Left-sided colorectal cancer (LCC) is associated with better survival and response to therapy compared to right-sided colon cancer (RCC) in the metastatic setting. Current NCCN guidelines recommend the addition of EGFR inhibitors to KRAS/NRAS wild-type metastatic CRC originating from the left-side only. Whether primary tumor sidedness impacts survival in loco-regional disease and in EOCRC is of clinical interest. Methods: Data from the National VA Cancer Cube Registry was studied. 65,940 cases of CRC were diagnosed between 2001 and 2015. EOCRC (2,096 cases) was defined as CRC diagnosis at age <50 years. ICD codes C18 to C20 were used to delineate patients with RCC vs. LCC. RCC was defined as cancer from the cecum to the hepatic flexure (C18.0-C18.3), LCC from the splenic flexure to the rectum (C18.5-18.CRC; C19 & C20). Transverse cancer (C18.4), overlapping and unidentified sites (C18.8; C18.9) were excluded. Results: EOCRC is more likely to originate from the left-side (66.65% LCC in EOCRC vs. 58.77% in the whole CRC dataset). Overall, LCC has better 5-year OS than RCC in Stage I, III and better 1-year OS in stage IV (Table). Stage II RCC has better 5-year OS than LCC (RC 53.39% vs LC 49.28%). In EOCRC, there is no statistically significant difference between LCC and RCC in Stages I-III. Stage IV EOCRC patients with LCC and RCC have a 1-year OS of 73.23% and 59.84%, respectively. Conclusions: EOCRC is more likely than CRC to originate from the left side. In EORCRC patients, LCC is associated with better OS than RCC only in patients with metastatic disease. In the overall population, LCC is associated with better OS in all states except Stage II. The better prognosis of Stage II RCC might be due to the reported high incidence of MSI-high tumors in this subpopulation. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Oral antibiotic use and early-onset colorectal cancer: findings from a case-control study using a national clinical database

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald McDowell ◽  
Sarah Perrott ◽  
Peter Murchie ◽  
Christopher Cardwell ◽  
Carmel Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Oral Antibiotic ◽  
Early Onset Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis has been associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) in older adults. This study will investigate whether an association exists between antibiotic usage and early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC), and also evaluate this in later-onset CRC for comparison. Methods A case-control study was conducted using primary care data from 1999–2011. Analysis were conducted separately in early-onset CRC cases (diagnosed < 50 years) and later-onset cases (diagnosed ≥ 50 years). Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between antibiotic exposure and CRC by tumour location, adjusting for comorbidities. Results Seven thousands nine hundred and three CRC cases (445 aged <50 years) and 30,418 controls were identified. Antibiotic consumption was associated with colon cancer in both age-groups, particularly in the early-onset CRC cohort (<50 years: adjusted Odds Ratio (ORadj) 1.49 (95% CI 1.07, 2.07), p = 0·018; ≥50 years (ORadj (95% CI) 1.09 (1.01, 1.18), p = 0·029). Antibiotics were not associated with rectal cancer (<50 years: ORadj (95% CI) 1.17 (0.75, 1.84), p = 0.493; ≥50 years: ORadj (95% CI) 1.07 (0.96, 1.19), p = 0.238). Conclusion Our findings suggest antibiotics may have a role in colon tumour formation across all age-groups.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Blood Stool Test Utilization for Colorectal Cancer Screening in Georgia, USA

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 569
Author(s):  
Benjamin E. Ansa ◽  
Nicollette Lewis ◽  
Zachary Hoffman ◽  
Biplab Datta ◽  
J. Aaron Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
And Control

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States (USA). Early screening has been demonstrated to improve clinical outcomes for CRC. Assessing patterns in CRC screening utilization is important for guiding policy and implementing programs for CRC prevention and control. This study examines the trends and sociodemographic factors associated with blood stool test utilization (BSTU) for CRC screening in Georgia, USA. The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data were analyzed for Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) in BSTU between 1997 and 2014 among adults aged 50+ who have had a blood stool test within the past two years, and logistic regression analysis of the 2016 data was performed to identify the associated sociodemographic factors. In Georgia, an overall decrease was observed in BSTU, from 27.8% in 1997 to 16.1% in 2014 (AAPC = −2.6, p = 0.023). The decrease in BSTU was less pronounced in Georgia than nationally (from 26.1% in 1997 to 12.8% in 2014 (AAPC = −4.5, p < 0.001)). BSTU was significantly associated with black race/ethnicity (Black vs. White (aOR = 1.43, p = 0.015)), older age (≥70 vs. 50–59 (aOR = 1.62, p = 0.006)), having insurance coverage (no vs. yes (aOR = 0.37 p = 0.005)), and lower income (≥USD 50,000 vs. <USD 25,000 (aOR = 0.70 p = 0.050)). These findings reveal a decrease over time in BSTU in Georgia, with existing differences between sociodemographic groups. Understanding these patterns helps in directing tailored programs for promoting CRC screening, especially among disadvantaged populations.

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