Microsatellite instability and KRAS mutation in stage 4 CRC: Prevalence, geographic discrepancies and outcomes from the National Cancer Database.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16052-e16052
Author(s):  
Johannes Uhlig ◽  
Michael Cecchini ◽  
Stacey Stein ◽  
Jill Lacy ◽  
Kevin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Microsatellite Instability ◽  
Kras Mutation ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
National Cancer Database ◽  
Kras Status

e16052 Background: To assess microsatellite instability (MSI) and KRAS mutation prevalence, discrepancies and their impact on outcome in AJCC stage IV colorectal adenocarcinoma (colorectal cancer; CRC). Methods: The 2010-2016 United States National Cancer Database was queried for stage IV CRC patients > 18yo and information on MSI and KRAS mutation. Microsatellite status was stratified as stable microsatellites (MSS, including low instability) and microsatellite instability high (MSI-H). KRAS status was stratified as mutation and wildtype. Prevalence and discrepancies were evaluated according to patient demographics, US geography and CRC factors. Overall survival (OS) was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for age, gender, race, comorbidities, metastatic burden, CRC treatment, treatment center type, and year of CRC diagnosis. A priori, a statistical interaction test between microsatellite status, KRAS status and primary CRC site was planned. Results: Microsatellite/KRAS status was available for n = 10,844/n = 25,712 patients, respectively. OS was assessed in n = 5,904 patients with data on both microsatellite and KRAS status, and follow-up. Overall prevalence of MSI-H was 3.1% and KRAS mutation 42.4%. Microsatellite and KRAS status varied according to primary CR site, as presented in Table. Further variation was evident according to US-geography, with MSI-H rates ranging from 1.6% to 4.1%, and KRAS mutation rates ranging from 41.1% to 44%. On multivariable analyses, longer OS was observed in patients with KRAS wildtype versus mutation (HR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.85-0.97 p = 0.004), MSS versus MSI-H (HR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.62-0.9, p = 0.003), and left-sided versus right-sided CRC (HR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.6-0.7, p < 0.001). The effect of KRAS mutation further varied with CRC site and microsatellite status (interaction p = 0.002). Conclusions: Depending on its primary site and US geography, stage IV CRC shows distinct mutational behavior. KRAS mutation, MSI-H, MSI-H and primary CRC sidedness independently affect overall survival and interact with distinct prognostic profiles. Generically classifying adenocarcinomas of different site as “CRC” might deprecate this diversity. [Table: see text]

Analysis of the effect of adjuvant therapy on overall survival for resected gallbladder adenocarcinoma using the National Cancer Database.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 360-360
Author(s):  
David G. Brauer ◽  
Kian-Huat Lim ◽  
Maria Majella Doyle ◽  
William G. Hawkins ◽  
William C. Chapman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
National Cancer Database ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma ◽  
One Year

360 Background: The effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on survival after resection for gallbladder adenocarcinoma (GBC) is based on limited evidence. Since prospective trials are not generally practical for GBC, we sought to evaluate current best evidence to evaluate the role of adjuvant chemotherapy in multiple clinical scenarios by analyzing data from the U.S. National Cancer Database (NCDB). Methods: Patients who underwent resection for GBC diagnosed between 2004 and 2012 were identified in the NCDB. The effect of adjuvant therapy on overall survival (OS) was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling. Results: 10,402 patients met inclusion criteria. Median follow-up was 14 months. Median survival was 16 months. One- and five-year OS were 57% and 23%, respectively. 3,509 patients (34%) received any modality of adjuvant therapy. Receipt of adjuvant therapy improved one-year OS (63% vs 55%, p < 0.01), but median OS was minimally changed (17 vs 15 months, NS). Adjuvant therapy was associated with improved one-year OS in T3 and T4N1 disease (Table 1). Only chemoradiation therapy was associated with improved one-year OS for T2 disease. Adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with worse one-year OS in T1N0 disease. Conclusions: Using data from the US NCDB, adjuvant therapy for resected gallbladder adenocarcinoma is associated with improved one-year overall survival with the exception of T1N0 disease. In the absence of prospective studies in this rare disease, retrospective data can provide insights into successful treatment strategies and guidelines for GBC. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Microsatellite Instability and KRAS Mutation in Stage IV Colorectal Cancer: Prevalence, Geographic Discrepancies, and Outcomes From the National Cancer Database

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-318
Author(s):  
Johannes Uhlig ◽  
Michael Cecchini ◽  
Amar Sheth ◽  
Stacey Stein ◽  
Jill Lacy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Microsatellite Instability ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
National Cancer Database ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Rectosigmoid Junction ◽  
Us States ◽  
Stage Iv Colorectal Cancer ◽  
South Central

Background: This study sought to assess microsatellite and KRAS status, prevalence, and impact on outcome in stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC). Materials and Methods: The 2010 to 2016 US National Cancer Database was queried for adult patients with stage IV CRC. Prevalence of microsatellite status (microsatellite instability–high [MSI-H] or microsatellite stable [MSS]) and KRAS status (KRAS mutation or wild-type) of the primary CRC was assessed. Overall survival (OS) was evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models in patients with complete data on both microsatellite and KRAS status and information on follow-up. Results: Information on microsatellite and KRAS status was available for 10,844 and 25,712 patients, respectively, and OS data were available for 5,904 patients. The overall prevalence of MSI-H status and KRAS mutation was 3.1% and 42.4%, respectively. Prevalence of MSI-H ranged between 1.6% (rectosigmoid junction) and 5.2% (transverse colon), and between 34.7% (sigmoid colon) and 58.2% (cecum) for KRAS mutation. MSI-H rates were highest in East North Central US states (4.1%), and KRAS mutation rates were highest in West South Central US states (44.1%). Multivariable analyses revealed longer OS for patients with KRAS wild-type versus mutation status (hazard ratio [HR], 0.91; 95% CI, 0.85–0.97; P=.004), those with MSS versus MSI-H status (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.62–0.9; P=.003), and those with left-sided versus right-sided CRC (multivariable HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.6–0.7; P<.001). The effect of KRAS mutation further varied with CRC site and microsatellite status (P=.002 for interaction). Conclusions: Depending on the primary site and US geography, stage IV CRC shows distinct mutational behavior. KRAS mutation, MSI-H, and primary CRC sidedness independently affect OS and interact with distinct prognostic profiles. Generically classifying adenocarcinomas at different sites as CRC might deprecate this diversity.

Progression-free and overall survival analysis in patients with metastatic melanoma undergoing first- versus second-line therapy

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9078-9078
Author(s):  
J. B. Allred ◽  
V. Suman
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Metastatic Melanoma ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Line Therapy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stage Iv Melanoma

9078 Background: A frequently discussed topic at meetings of oncologists is the question of expected clinical outcomes for patients with metastatic melanoma undergoing 1st vs 2nd line systemic therapy. Differing outcomes in these two patient populations could affect interpretation of non-randomized clinical trials involving both patient populations. Some have suggested superior clinical outcome in patients undergoing 2nd line therapy. As there is little data addressing this issue, we sought to answer the question by comparing the clinical outcomes of patients with metastatic melanoma treated on 1st vs 2nd line therapy across clinical trials conducted at our institution. Methods: Data were collected from 10 phase II clinical trials for patients with stage IV melanoma for which Mayo Clinic was the data center. The 10 trials included three categories of treatments: cytotoxic chemotherapy (4), cancer vaccines (4), and biologic agents (2). In all studies, eligibility criteria required: stage IV melanoma, life expectancy >3 months, reasonable hematology and serum chemistry laboratory results, and an ECOG performance status of ≤2. Cox proportional hazards models were fit to assess the relationship between patients' “therapy” status (1st vs 2nd line) and time to events, both overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS), for each treatment category. Results: We identified 318 unique eligible patients across 10 trials. Removed from the analysis were 55 patients (ocular melanoma and/or metastases involving the central nervous system) leaving 263. Cox proportional hazards results demonstrated no differences in PFS or OS for 1st vs 2nd line patients for either “chemotherapy” or “vaccine” treatment regimens. However, patient treated on “biologic” trials as 1st line therapy appeared to demonstrate a PFS advantage over 2nd line treatments (HR=1.98, p-value=0.02). There was a suggestion of an OS benefit for 1st line patients in this category, however, the relationship was not significant (HR=1.77, p=0.07). Conclusions: The presented data suggest that there is no PFS/OS difference in stage IV melanoma patients receiving 1st vs 2nd line therapy (no PFS/OS advantage to patients treated in 2nd line vs. 1st line). No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Does up-front definitive surgical resection with delayed chemotherapy in patients with stage IV rectal cancer compromise overall survival?

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 586-586
Author(s):  
Bindu V. Manyam ◽  
Shlomo A. Koyfman ◽  
Davendra Sohal ◽  
Ismail Mallick ◽  
Chandana A. Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Rectal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Poorly Differentiated

586 Background: Definitive resection of the primary is frequently part of the management of patients (pts) with stage IV rectal cancer with good performance status and low volume of systemic metastases. It is unclear whether delaying systemic therapy for up front surgical management of the primary compromises overall survival (OS). Methods: Pts with metastatic rectal adenocarcinoma who received definitive surgical resection between 1998-2011 were identified in an IRB approved registry. The sequencing of CT and surgery, and the use of perioperative radiation therapy (RT), was at the discretion of treating physicians. Preoperative chemotherapy (Pre-CT) regimens included 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) +/- leukovorin (LV), capecitabine, 5-FU/LV/oxaliplatin +/- avastin, or 5-FU/LV/irinocetan. RT dose was typically 50.4 Gy. OS was measured from the date of diagnosis. Baseline variables were compared using the Chi-square and unpaired t-tests. OS was calculated using the Kaplan Meier method. Univariate (UVA) and multivariate analysis (MVA) were performed using Cox proportional hazards regression to identify variables associated with OS. Results: In this study of 115 pts, 75 (65%) were treated with pre-CT, while 40 (35%) were treated with up front surgery. Of the pts who received surgery up front, 3 (8%) received RT and of the pts who received pre-CT, 62 (83%) received RT. The cohort was predominantly male (70%) with a median age of 57, median KPS of 80, and median follow-up of 24.1 months. 94% of pts had T3/T4 tumors, 80% had N+ disease, and 33% had poorly differentiated tumors. Liver directed therapy (LDT) was performed in 61% of pts. There was no significant difference in OS (32.3 vs. 32 months; p = 0.24) between pts treated with pre-CT and those who received surgery up front, respectively. UVA demonstrated that pre-CT was not associated with OS (HR 1.26; p = 0.544). MVA demonstrated that pts with poorly differentiated tumors (HR 2.04; p = 0.007) and those that did not undergo LDT (HR 2.45; p = 0.001) had inferior survival. Conclusions: Delaying systemic chemotherapy in order to achieve local control with surgical resection up front does not appear to impact OS in pts with stage IV rectal cancer.

Trends in treatment and survival for advanced pancreatic cancer: Progress or progression?

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 421-421
Author(s):  
Mariam F. Eskander ◽  
Gyulnara G. Kasumova ◽  
Chun Li ◽  
Sing Chau Ng ◽  
Rebecca A. Miksad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Advanced Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models

421 Background: There are increasing therapeutic options for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer but it is unknown whether the overall prognosis of unresectable patients is improving. Here, we examine trends in treatment and survival in Stage III/IV pancreatic cancer. Methods: National Cancer DataBase 1998-2012 queried for unresected pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients from Commission on Cancer hospitals with Stage III and IV disease. Trends in stage at diagnosis and type of chemotherapy (single vs. multi-agent) assessed via Cochran Armitage trend tests. Timing of treatment compared by Kruskal-Wallis. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards models used to assess the association between 2-year time intervals (1998-2011) and survival. Results: 34,163 unresected patients with Stage III and 100,396 with stage IV identified. Rates of chemotherapy increased over time for stage III (p<0.0001) and stage IV (p<0.0001). Among patients who received systemic therapy, rates of multiagent chemotherapy have increased for both stage III (p<0.0001) and IV (p<0.0001). Time from diagnosis to treatment did not change (p=0.5121). Overall survival differed by year group for stage III (5.2 mos in 1998-1999 vs. 9.0 mos 2010-2011, log-rank p<0.0001) and stage IV (3.1 vs. 3.6 mos; log-rank p<0.0001). Among patients who received chemotherapy, overall survival also differed (Stage III, 7.6 vs. 11.4 mos, log-rank p<0.0001; Stage IV, 5.0 vs. 6.0 mos, log-rank p<0.0001). After stratification by clinical stage, type of chemotherapy, tumor location, and facility type, year remained a significant predictor of survival (p<0.0001). Conclusions: Survival of patients with Stage III and IV pancreatic cancer has significantly improved over the last fifteen years. This improvement in survival is not fully explained by changes in chemotherapy. [Table: see text]

A retrospective risk assessment of patients (pts) with high grade upper (UE) and lower extremity (LE) sarcoma: Predictors of survival.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21504-e21504
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Kneisl ◽  
Anthony Joseph Crimaldi ◽  
James Thomas Symanowski ◽  
Will Ahrens ◽  
Joshua Patt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Nccn Guidelines ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk

e21504 Background: Patient outcomes of high grade extremity soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are dependent upon grade and size of the primary tumor and extent of surgical resection. Poorer overall survival (OS) has been associated with specific anatomic sites (e.g. head and neck, retroperitoneum) but OS has not been evaluated for UE vs LE. We investigated the relationship of tumor size and anatomic sites with OS in our pts with high grade extremity STS. Methods: A retrospective review of all pts diagnosed with a high grade STS of the UE and LE was performed from 1992-2010 via an IRB approved protocol at Levine Cancer Institute. Pts were included if they had sufficient medical records, limb-sparing surgery, age greater than 18 years, no stage IV disease. All cases were centrally reviewed by a single pathologist. Overall survival was analyzed with Cox proportional hazards models and tumor size was analyzed using ANOVA techniques. Results: 93 pts were identified. 61 pts had LE sarcomas and 32 had UE. Demographics: 52% male, 67% Caucasian, 60% >50 years of age. Disease characteristics included 88% deep and 66% >5cm STS. 13% of pts received chemotherapy and 86% received radiation therapy, consistent with NCCN guidelines and institutional protocol. Median baseline tumor size was 7.0 cm with a range of 1.7-40 cm. LE STS were generally larger than UE; medians 8.5 cm (range 1.7-40 cm) vs 5.0 cm (range 2.0-17 cm), p=0.005. When analyzed quantitatively, larger tumor size correlated with an increased risk of death (p=0.001). 28 total deaths occurred (0.3-5.4 yrs). Death rates were 27.9% (17 deaths) with LE STS vs 34.4% (11 deaths) with UE. LE disease had an overall reduced risk of death (HR=0.543). Pts with tumors >5cm had an increased risk of death (HR=3.235 overall) for both LE (HR=3.042) and UE (HR=3.453) sarcomas. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the largest reported cohort of high grade STS that stratified on upper and lower extremities. Larger size was associated with higher risk of death. Additionally, we observed a higher risk of death in patients with UE sarcomas vs. LE sarcomas. Strong consideration should be given to UE vs. LE STS when assessing risk and treatment.

Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Outcomes: Does Treatment at a High-Volume Center Confer Survival Benefit?

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 (5) ◽  
pp. 986-991
Author(s):  
Jordan I. Teitelbaum ◽  
Khalil Issa ◽  
Ian R. Barak ◽  
Feras Y. Ackall ◽  
Sin-Ho Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
National Cancer Database ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Regression ◽  
Proportional Hazards Regression ◽  
High Volume Center

Objective To determine whether treatment of sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) at a high-volume facility affects survival. Study Design Retrospective database analysis. Setting National Cancer Database (2004-2014). Subjects and Methods The National Cancer Database was queried for sinonasal SCC from 2004 to 2014. Patient demographics, tumor characteristics and classification, resection margins, treatment regimen, and facility case-specific volume—averaged per year and grouped in tertiles as low (0%-33%), medium (34%-66%), and high (67%-100%)—were compared. Overall survival was compared with Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Results A total of 3835 patients treated for sinonasal SCC between 2004 and 2014 were identified. Therapeutic options included surgery alone (18.6%), radiotherapy (RT) alone (29.1%), definitive chemoradiation (15.4%), surgery with adjuvant RT (22.8%), and combinations (14.1%) of the aforementioned treatments. Patients who underwent surgery with adjuvant RT had better overall survival (hazard ratio [HR], 0.74; P < .001; 95% CI, 0.63-0.86). As for treatment volume per facility, 7.4% of patients were treated at a low-volume center, 17.5% at a medium-volume center, and 75.1% at a high-volume center. Univariate analysis showed that treatment at a high-volume facility conferred a significantly better overall survival (HR, 0.77; P = .002). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, adjusting for age, sex, tumor classification, and treatment regimen, demonstrated that patients who underwent treatment at a high-volume facility (HR, 0.81; P < .001) had significantly improved survival. Conclusion This study shows a better overall survival for sinonasal SCC treated at high-volume centers. Further study may be needed to understand the effect of case volume on the paradigms of sinonasal SCC management.

Frequency and Clinicopathological Features of Distant Metastasis of Bladder Cancer: A SEER-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Miao ◽  
Haibin Wei ◽  
Jianxin Cui ◽  
Xinpeng Chen ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Survival Prognosis ◽  
Primary Tumor Site ◽  
Metastatic Pattern

Abstract Background: bladder cancer (BCa) is a common malignancy in the urinary system. But the hematogenous metastatic pattern of it was poorly explored. The aim of this study was to provide a better understanding of the prognosis of the different distant metastatic pattern from stage IV BCa patients and support for making a suitable clinical decision.Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result database (SEER) provided data for this study include BCa from 2010 to 2015. Kaplan–Meier method was used to evaluate the survival prognosis of patients of metastatic BCa. Cox proportional hazards regression model was utilized to analyzed risk factors. All statistical tests were two-sided.Results: At the time of diagnosis, a total of 6808 eligible patients at stage IV were extracted from SEER database. Patients who suffered metastasis to either one of the four sites occupied 25.31% (1723/6808) of BCa. Bone was the most common distant metastatic site of BCa (1225 cases), and brain metastases had the worst prognosis whose mean survival was 6.282 months. The results of univariate survival analysis presented that diagnostic age, race, gender, primary site surgery, tumor size, T stage, N stage, primary tumor site, histology, marital status and metastatic number were independent prognostic factors affecting overall survival (OS) (P<0.05). On multivariable Cox regression, squamous cell carcinoma was an independent risk factor affecting the overall survival (P < 0.05). The nomogram model was constructed to show the 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates of patients.Conclusion: In analysis of single metastatic sites, patients with brain metastasis had the worst overall survival and lung metastasis had the best outcomes than other three distant metastases. Knowledge of these differences in metastatic patterns is helpful for clinicians to make better pre-treatment evaluation and clinical decisions.

Real-world data on overall survival associated with biweekly versus weekly cetuximab among metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients in the United States.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 33-33
Author(s):  
Himani Agg ◽  
Yimei Han ◽  
Zhanglin Lin Cui
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Real World ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
Ecog Ps

33 Background: Cetuximab 250mg/m2 weekly (Q1W) after an initial dose of 400mg/m2 is approved for treatment of K-Ras wild-type mCRC. In real world 29% of patients received cetuximab 500mg/m2 biweekly (Q2W). In this study overall survival (OS) associated with Q2W vs Q1W dosing of cetuximab for mCRC in real world was compared. Methods: This study utilized Flatiron Health electronic health record-derived database to identify adult patients with stage IV or recurrent K-Ras wild-type mCRC who received cetuximab+FOLFIRI/FOLFOX/irinotecan, or cetuximab monotherapy in first, second or third-line therapy from 01/01/2013 to 12/31/2019. Patients were assigned to Q1W or Q2W cohort if they had 70% or more cetuximab infusions with a gap of 4-10 days or 11-18 days from previous infusion. Patients who did not fall into either cohort were excluded from analysis. Propensity score (PS) matching was used to balance cohorts on their baseline demographic, clinical and treatment characteristics. Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox proportional hazards regressions were used to compare OS. Results: Baseline characteristics for Q2W (N = 422) vs Q1W (N = 653) cohorts before PS matching- median age 62 vs 65 years, male 58.5% vs 59.3%, white 68.3% vs 66.5%, stage IV 56.6% vs 58.5%, ECOG PS 0/1 61.6% vs 52.1%, ECOG PS 2+ 9.2% vs 9.5%. After PS matching, baseline characteristics were balanced. Hazard ratios (HRs) comparing OS in PS-matched Q2W vs Q1W cohorts were not significant for overall or line of therapy populations (Table). Conclusions: Weekly and biweekly cetuximab had comparable effectiveness in this real-world study. [Table: see text]

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document