The phylogenetic position of brachiopods inferred from mitochondrial gene orders

Brachiopods ◽  
2001 ◽  
pp. 156-163
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Phylogenetic Position

scholarly journals CONTRIBUTION TO THE PHYLOGENY OF THE PANGASIIDAE BASED ON MITOCHONDRIAL 12S RDNA

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 4562
Author(s):  
L. Pouyaud ◽  
R. Gustiano ◽  
G.G. Teugels
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Inland Fisheries ◽  
12S Rdna ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World

Catfishes are generally one of the economically important groups of fresh and brackish water fishes in the world. In many countries, they form a significant part of inland fisheries, and several species have been  introduced in fish culture. Judging from literature, the main constraint to cultivate wild species and to optimise the production of pangasiid catfishes is due to the poorly documented systematics of this family. In the present contribution, the phylogenetic relationships within Pangasiidae are studied to contribute to a better insight in their taxonomy and evolution. The genetic relatedness is inferred using mitochondrial 12S rDNA gene sequences. To resolve the phylogenetic position of Laides in this group of catfish, five genera of Asian and African Schilbeidae are also considered. The results showed that a species group (complex) could be clearly seen in the genetic tree. Pangasius is more derive than the other genera. By using approximate molecular clock/evolutionary calibration from  mitochondrial gene, a new episode of  speciation for the family marked explosive radiation about 5- 8 million years ago (mya). This adaptive radiation extended until the Late Pleistocene. Regarding the relationships between the Pangasiidae and Schilbeidae, two families show an allopatric distribution with slight overlap. The Pangasiidae occur mainly in Southeast Asia, while the Schilbeidae are seen mainly on the Indian subcontinent (including Myanmar) and Africa. It confirms the separation between  Schilbeidae and Pangasiidae occurred in the Early Miocene.

scholarly journals A new cryptic species of Hyphessobrycon Durbin, 1908 (Characiformes, Characidae) from the Eastern Amazon, revealed by integrative taxonomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick Cristofore Guimarães ◽  
Pâmella Silva de Brito ◽  
Leonardo Manir Feitosa ◽  
Luis Fernando Carvalho Costa ◽  
Felipe Polivanov Ottoni
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Hyphessobryconcarusp. nov. is described based on five different and independent methods of species delimitation, making the hypothesis of this new species supported by an integrative taxonomy perspective. This new species has a restricted distribution, occurring just in the upper Pindaré river drainage, Mearim river basin, Brazil. It is a member of the rosy tetra clade, which is characterized mainly by the presence of a dark brown or black blotch on dorsal fin and absence of a midlateral stripe on the body. Hyphessobryconcarusp. nov. is distinguished from the members of this clade mainly by the shape of its humeral spot, possessing few irregular inconspicuous vertically arranged chromatophores in the humeral region, or sometimes a very thin and inconspicuous humeral spot, and other characters related to teeth count, and color pattern. The phylogenetic position of the new species within the rosy tetra clade was based on molecular phylogenetic analysis using sequences of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit 1. In addition, a new clade (here termed Hyphessobryconmicropterus clade) within the rosy tetra clade is proposed based on molecular data, comprising H.carusp. nov., H.micropterus, H.piorskii, and H.simulatus, and with H.carusp. nov. and H.piorskii recovered as sister species. Our results suggest cryptic speciation in the rosy tetra clade and, more specifically, in the H.micropterus clade. We recommend the use of integrative taxonomy for future taxonomic revisions and species descriptions when dealing with species complexes and groups containing possible cryptic species.

scholarly journals Linear Mitochondrial genome in Anthozoa (Cnidaria): A case study in Ceriantharia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio N Stampar ◽  
Michael B Broe ◽  
Jason Macrander ◽  
Adam M Reitzel ◽  
Marymegan Daly
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Gene Order ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
Organellar Genome ◽  
Linear Mitochondrial Genome

Sequences and structural attributes of mitochondrial genomes have played a key role in the clarification of relationships among Cnidaria, a key phylum of early-diverging animals. Among the major lineages of Cnidaria, Ceriantharia ("tube anemones") remains one of the most enigmatic groups in terms of its phylogenetic position. We sequenced the mitochondrial genomes of two ceriantharians to see whether the complete organellar genome would provide more support for the phylogenetic placement of Ceriantharia. For both ceriantharian species studied, the mitochondrial gene sequences could not be assembled into a circular genome. Instead, our analyses suggest both species have fragmented mitochondrial genomes consisting of multiple linear fragments. Linear mitogenomes are characteristic of members of Medusozoa, one of the major lineages of Cnidaria, but are unreported for Anthozoa, which includes the Ceriantharia. The number of fragments and the variation in gene order between species is much greater in Ceriantharia than among Medusozoa. The novelty of the mitogenomic structure in Ceriantharia highlights the distinctiveness of this lineage but, because it appears to be both unique to and diverse within Ceriantharia, it is uninformative about the phylogenetic position of Ceriantharia relative to other anthozoan groups.

Revisiting the generic position and acoustic diagnosis of Odontophrynus salvatori (Anura: Odontophrynidae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 189-196
Author(s):  
Felipe de Medeiros Magalhaes
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Generic Position ◽  
First Time ◽  
Acoustic Diagnosis ◽  
Occurrence Records

Herein we evaluate the phylogenetic position, and revisit the generic allocation of Odontophrynus salvatori, which has for long been considered controversial because it exhibits intermediate morphological features between Odontophrynus and Proceratophrys. By assessing a fragment of the 16S mitochondrial gene from topotypical specimens, we confirm that O. salvatori is a member of the genus Proceratophrys and sister to P. moratoi, also forming a clade with P. concavitympanum and P. ararype. Therefore, we formally transfer O. salvatori to the genus Proceratophrys [Proceratophrys salvatori (Caramaschi 1996) comb. nov.]. Additionally, the calls of Proceratophrys salvatori and P. moratoi, formally compared for the first time, are shown to exhibit similar structures: they both emit single multi-pulsed notes that differ mainly in pulse repetition rate and dominant frequency. Finally, we summarise occurrence records for P. salvatori and P. moratoi and provide a new record of P. moratoi in Mato Grosso State, extending its distribution about 490 km to the north-west.

Integrative taxonomy of Meloidogyne paranaensis populations belonging to different esterase phenotypes

Nematology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-468
Author(s):  
Marcilene F.A. Santos ◽  
Vanessa S. Mattos ◽  
Ana Cristina M.M. Gomes ◽  
Jessica M.S. Monteiro ◽  
Daniela A. Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Coffee Cultivation ◽  
Esterase Phenotypes

Summary Meloidogyne paranaensis is one of the most destructive root-knot nematode species affecting coffee cultivation. This species presents different esterase phenotypes (Est): P1, P2 and P2a, previous studies showing that Est P2 and P2a populations were more aggressive to susceptible coffee cultivars than populations with Est P1, and local producers have even asked if they may be described as other species. The objective of this study was to characterise M. paranaensis populations of different esterase phenotypes (Est P1, P2 and P2a), regarding morphological, morphometric and phylogenetic relationships in distinct regions of ribosomal DNA (rDNA), mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase II (COII) and nuclear protein coding gene HSP90. All populations were identified by esterase phenotype and SCAR-specific markers. Regarding morphology/morphometrics, the three populations were very similar to the description of the species, differing only in the morphology of the male stylet and second-stage juvenile hyaline tail length. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, a low intraspecific variability was detected among M. paranaensis Est P1 and Est P2 populations from Brazil; the Guatemalan population Est P2a, however, showed a genetic differentiation from the Brazilian populations, confirming the geographic genetic distance of this aggressive population. According to this multi-source approach study, in spite of the intraspecific variation, the phylogenetic position of M. paranaensis is absolute, regardless of the enzymatic phenotype and SCAR markers.

Goniurosaurus gezhi sp. nov., a new gecko species from Guangxi, China (Squamata: Eublepharidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4852 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-222
Author(s):  
XIAO-YU ZHU ◽  
GUANG-YU CHEN ◽  
CRISTIAN ROMÁN-PALACIOS ◽  
ZHENG LI ◽  
ZHU-QING HE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
East China ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Body Color ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Northern Vietnam ◽  
Normal University ◽  
Three Body ◽  
A New Species

Five species of geckos in the genus Goniurosaurus had been recorded from Guangxi, China. Here we describe a new species, Goniurosaurus gezhi sp. nov. Zhu, He & Li. The new species is similar to those found in Guangxi and Guizhou provinces of China and Northern Vietnam, but unique in a combination of the following characters: (1) three body bands between limb insertions; (2) precloacal pores 18–20; (3) body small (SVL=70.6–83.8 mm); (4) body color orange to yellow. We evaluated the phylogenetic position of this new species based on the 16S mitochondrial gene. Molecular phylogenies validate this new species as distinct to currently described lineages within Goniurosaurus. The type specimens are deposited in the Museum of Biology, East China Normal University (ECNU). 

scholarly journals A new species of the Dendropsophus decipiens Group (Anura: Hylidae) from Northeastern Brazil

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0248112
Author(s):  
Rogério Ferreira de Oliveira ◽  
Felipe de Medeiros Magalhães ◽  
Bernardo Franco da Veiga Teixeira ◽  
Geraldo Jorge Barbosa de Moura ◽  
Clara Ribeiro Porto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Advertisement Call ◽  
Neotropical Species ◽  
In Series ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Forest Biome

We describe a new species of the Dendropsophus decipiens Group, morphologically most resembling D. haddadi but genetically more closely related to D. oliveirai and likely endemic from the Atlantic Forest biome, northeastern Brazil. The new species can be distinguished from all species of the D. decipiens Group based on the combination of morphological features, advertisement call and phylogenetic position based on mitochondrial DNA gene sequences. The new species emits simple calls in series of 3–9 notes, each with 9–29 pulses, and dominant frequency varying from 5578–6422 Hz, and exhibit a minimum of 8% genetic distance (16S mitochondrial gene) in comparison to its congeners. The new taxa represent the sixth species of the D. decipiens Group, which likely harbors more undescribed taxa, corroborating the view that Neotropical species richness is fairly underestimated.

Over-splitting destabilizes the taxonomy of hylaranine frogs: A response to Chandramouli et al. (2020)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4877 (3) ◽  
pp. 598-600
Author(s):  
KIN ONN CHAN ◽  
ROBIN K. ABRAHAM ◽  
MARITES B. SANGUILA ◽  
RAFE M. BROWN
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Recent Article ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Unique Combination

In a recent article, Chandramouli et al. (2020) re-assessed the systematic position of the hylaranine frog Indosylvirana nicobariensis and proposed a new monotypic genus, Bijurana, for this species. The authors re-examined the type series of specimens and attempted to justify the recognition of a new genus using morphological and phylogenetic data. They concluded that the taxon’s unique phylogenetic position, high genetic divergence (uncorrected p-distance ≥ 13.64% of the 16S rRNA mitochondrial gene), and a unique combination of morphological characters warranted the erection of the new genus.

Redescription and phylogenetics of Allobates trilineatus (Boulenger 1884 “1883”) (Anura: Aromobatidae) based on topotypic specimens

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4951 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-235
Author(s):  
ANDRÉS F. JARAMILLO ◽  
GIUSSEPE GAGLIARDI-URRUTIA ◽  
PEDRO IVO SIMÕES ◽  
SANTIAGO CASTROVIEJO-FISHER
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Advertisement Call ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Candidate Species

Allobates trilineatus is the second most geographically widespread species in the genus Allobates, its range extending from northern Ecuador to southern Peru along the Andean foothills of Amazonia and to the east, into Acre, Brazil. However, detailed phenotypic and genetic variation from topotypic specimens is lacking, raising doubts about the identification of specimens in the literature. To solve this problem, we collected 16 topotypic specimens—including male and female adults and juveniles—and associated data such as advertisement calls and tissue samples. Based upon this material, we redescribe the phenotypic variation within A. trilineatus and evaluate its phylogenetic position using a fragment of the mitochondrial gene 16S rDNA. Allobates trilineatus is distinguished from its congeners by its small body size (adult snout-to-vent-length = 14.6–16.6 mm), preserved males with dark gray throat, and gray chest and belly, pale dorsolateral stripe straight and conspicuous, and advertisement call formed by the emission of groups of note-pairs with dominant frequency at 5.06–5.81 kHz. Our phylogenetic results indicate that none of the specimens assigned to this species in previous phylogenetic studies cluster within the clade formed by topotypic samples, except for the sample of one tadpole. Furthermore, our comparison of published phenotypic and genetic data assigned to A. trilineatus with our new data led us to conclude that A. trilineatus as previously recognized was actually a complex of cryptic, closely related species. Although with the data at hand we cannot fully resolve the taxonomy of all sampled populations in previous studies, we provide a new definition and delimitation of A. trilineatus sensu stricto, assign other specimens to different evolutionary units corresponding to candidate species, and flag other important taxonomic issues. 

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