Design of Highly Compact and Cost-Effective Water Purification Systems for Promoting Rural and Urban Welfare

2018 ◽  
pp. 101-134
Author(s):  
B. Govardhan ◽  
Y.V.L. Ravikumar ◽  
Sankaracharya M. Sutar ◽  
Sundergopal Sridhar
2020 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 114410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Gong ◽  
Wenbin Wang ◽  
Hao Li ◽  
Dawei (David) Xia ◽  
Qingwen Dai ◽  
...  

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Cromphout ◽  
W. Rougge

In Harelbeke a Water Treatment Plant with a capacity of 15,000 m3/day, using Schelde river water has been in operation since April 1995. The treatment process comprises nitrification, dephosphatation by direct filtration, storage into a reservoir, direct filtration, granular activated carbon filtration and disinfection. The design of the three-layer direct filters was based on pilot experiments. The performance of the plant during the five years of operation is discussed. It was found that the removal of atrazin by activated carbon depends on the water temperature.


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (39) ◽  
pp. 20860-20866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Fathizadeh ◽  
Huynh Ngoc Tien ◽  
Konstantin Khivantsev ◽  
Jung-Tsai Chen ◽  
Miao Yu

We demonstrated for the first time that inkjet printing can be a low-cost, easy, fast, and scalable method for depositing ultrathin (7.5–60 nm) uniform graphene oxide (GO) nanofiltration membranes on polymeric supports for highly effective water purification.


2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.J. Gijzen

After the discovery of methane gas by Alessandro Volta in 1776, it took about 100 years before anaerobic processes for the treatment of wastewater and sludges were introduced. The development of high rate anaerobic digesters for the treatment of sewage and industrial wastewater took until the nineteen-seventies and for solid waste even till the nineteen-eighties. All digesters have in common that they apply natural anaerobic consortia of microorganisms for degradation and transformation processes. In view of this, it could be rewarding to evaluate the efficiency of natural ecosystems for their possible application. Examples of high rate anaerobic natural systems include the forestomach of ruminants and the hindgut of certain insects, such as termites and cockroaches. These “natural reactors” exhibit volumetric methane production rates as high as 35 l/l.d. The development of anaerobic reactors based on such natural anaerobic systems could produce eco-technologies for the effective management of a wide variety of solid wastes and industrial wastewater. Important limitations of anaerobic treatment of domestic sewage relate to the absence of nutrient and pathogen removal. A combination of anaerobic pre-treatment followed by photosynthetic post-treatment is proposed for the effective recovery of energy and nutrients from sewage. This eco-technology approach is based on the recognition that the main nutrient assimilating capacity is housed in photosynthetic plants. The proposed anaerobic-photosynthetic process is energy efficient, cost effective and applicable under a wide variety of rural and urban conditions. In conclusion: a natural systems approach towards waste management could generate affordable eco-technologies for effective treatment and resource recovery.


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdulhadi ◽  
Pei Tze Kueh ◽  
Aiman Zamanuri ◽  
Wai Cheong Thang ◽  
Hon Voon Chin ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Cutter ◽  
Ben Haley ◽  
Jim Williams ◽  
C.K. Woo

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Furlong ◽  
J. Tippett

During previous research into drinking water quality in Peru, it was found that water was becoming contaminated in households, and there was a lack of understanding surrounding this contamination. It was felt that returning these findings to the community could build capacity, enabling people to make more informed choices about drinking water practices. Several participatory methods were explored. Ketso®, a hands-on kit for engagement, was thought to provide the most appropriate approach, and was used to deliver several workshops in the community. Thirty-five participants explored their understanding of drinking water and factors that caused contamination. The method allowed them to explore these factors in depth and to develop several practical and simple solutions. One solution capitalized on a novel finding; participants associated the taste of chlorine with clean water, but were unaware that household bleach could be used as a cost-effective water treatment. Feedback was excellent, with Ketso seen as giving participants space to better understand and question their practices, whilst building capacity for change. This co-production of knowledge also allowed the researcher to gain a better understanding of local knowledge and perceptions. Such innovative knowledge exchange has important implications for future implementation of new water technologies and engineering projects.


COVID ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 717-727
Author(s):  
Parastoo Kheiroddin ◽  
Magdalena Gründl ◽  
Michael Althammer ◽  
Patricia Schöberl ◽  
Linda Plail ◽  
...  

(1) Background: With vaccination and new variants of SARS-CoV-2 on the horizon, efficient testing in schools may enable prevention of mass infection outbreaks, keeping schools safe places and buying time until decisions on feasibility and the necessity of vaccination in children and youth are made. We established, in the course of the WICOVIR (Where Is the COrona VIRus) study, that gargle-based pool-PCR testing offers a feasible, efficient, and safe testing system for schools in Germany when applied by central university laboratories. (2) Objectives: We evaluated whether this approach can be implemented in different rural and urban settings. (3) Methods: We assessed the arrangements required for successful implementation of the WICOVIR approach in a variety of settings in terms of transport logistics, data transfer and pre-existing laboratory set-up, as well as the time required to establish the set-up. (4) Results: We found that once regulatory issues have been overcome, all challenges pertaining to logistics, data transfer, and laboratory testing on different platforms can be solved within one month. Pooling and depooling of samples down to the individual test result were achievable within one working day in all settings. Local involvement of the community and decentralized set-ups were keys for success. (5) Conclusion: The WICOVIR gargle-based pool-PCR system is so robust and simple that it can be implemented within one month in all settings now or in future pandemics.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document