Modelling Long-Term Soil Loss And Landform Change

Overland Flow ◽  
1992 ◽  
pp. 404-429
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss

scholarly journals Soil erosion by snow gliding – a first quantification attempt in a subalpine area in Switzerland

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 3763-3775 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Meusburger ◽  
G. Leitinger ◽  
L. Mabit ◽  
M. H. Mueller ◽  
A. Walter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Snow Gliding

Abstract. Snow processes might be one important driver of soil erosion in Alpine grasslands and thus the unknown variable when erosion modelling is attempted. The aim of this study is to assess the importance of snow gliding as a soil erosion agent for four different land use/land cover types in a subalpine area in Switzerland. We used three different approaches to estimate soil erosion rates: sediment yield measurements in snow glide depositions, the fallout radionuclide 137Cs and modelling with the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). RUSLE permits the evaluation of soil loss by water erosion, the 137Cs method integrates soil loss due to all erosion agents involved, and the measurement of snow glide deposition sediment yield can be directly related to snow-glide-induced erosion. Further, cumulative snow glide distance was measured for the sites in the winter of 2009/2010 and modelled for the surrounding area and long-term average winter precipitation (1959–2010) with the spatial snow glide model (SSGM). Measured snow glide distance confirmed the presence of snow gliding and ranged from 2 to 189 cm, with lower values on the north-facing slopes. We observed a reduction of snow glide distance with increasing surface roughness of the vegetation, which is an important information with respect to conservation planning and expected and ongoing land use changes in the Alps. Snow glide erosion estimated from the snow glide depositions was highly variable with values ranging from 0.03 to 22.9 t ha−1 yr−1 in the winter of 2012/2013. For sites affected by snow glide deposition, a mean erosion rate of 8.4 t ha−1 yr−1 was found. The difference in long-term erosion rates determined with RUSLE and 137Cs confirms the constant influence of snow-glide-induced erosion, since a large difference (lower proportion of water erosion compared to total net erosion) was observed for sites with high snow glide rates and vice versa. Moreover, the difference between RUSLE and 137Cs erosion rates was related to the measured snow glide distance (R2 = 0.64; p < 0.005) and to the snow deposition sediment yields (R2 = 0.39; p = 0.13). The SSGM reproduced the relative difference of the measured snow glide values under different land uses and land cover types. The resulting map highlighted the relevance of snow gliding for large parts of the investigated area. Based on these results, we conclude that snow gliding appears to be a crucial and non-negligible process impacting soil erosion patterns and magnitude in subalpine areas with similar topographic and climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Assessment of land cover on soil erosion in Lam Phra Phloeng watershed by USLE model

2018 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 02017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jatuwat Wattanasetpong ◽  
Uma Seeboonruang ◽  
Uba Sirikaew ◽  
Walter Chen
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Surface Erosion ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Land Cover Data

Soil loss due to surface erosion has been a global problem not just for developing countries but also for developed countries. One of the factors that have greatest impact on soil erosion is land cover. The purpose of this study is to estimate the long-term average annual soil erosion in the Lam Phra Phloeng watershed, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand with different source of land cover by using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and GIS (30 m grid cells) to calculate the six erosion factors (R, K, L, S, C, and P) of USLE. Land use data are from Land Development Department (LDD) and ESA Climate Change Initiative (ESA/CCI) in 2015. The result of this study show that mean soil erosion by using land cover from ESA/CCI is less than LDD (29.16 and 64.29 ton/ha/year respectively) because soil erosion mostly occurred in the agricultural field and LDD is a local department that survey land use in Thailand thus land cover data from this department have more details than ESA/CCI.

Long-term modeling of soil loss and fluvial transport processes in a mountainous semi-arid basin, southern Spain

2020 ◽  
pp. 1733-1740 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Millares ◽  
J. Herrero ◽  
M. Bermúdez ◽  
J.F. Leiva ◽  
M. Cantalejo
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Fluvial Transport ◽  
Semi Arid

COMPARISON OF MEASURED SOIL 137-CESIUM LOSSES AND EROSION RATES

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. KACHANOSKI
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Deposition ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Deposition Rates ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Soil Losses ◽  
Runoff Plots

Atmospheric deposition rates of 90Sr and analysis of soil samples from non-eroded sites indicated base levels of total soil 137Cs were approximately 2700 Bq m−2 in southern Ontario in 1985. Measured 137Cs losses (1965–1976) from long-term runoff plots were significantly correlated to measured soil losses during the same period. Monitoring temporal changes in soil 137Cs should be an accurate method of estimating soil loss in southern Ontario. Key words: Soil loss, 137Cs, Ontario, runoff plots

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF AMELIORATIVE AFFORESTATION ON THE ERODIBILITY FACTOR AND SOIL LOSS IN THE GRDELICA GORGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Baumgertel ◽  
Sara Lukić ◽  
Snežana Belanović Simić ◽  
Predrag Miljković
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Erodibility ◽  
Chemical Laboratory ◽  
Chemical Soil ◽  
Planting Method ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The paper presents research carried out in the area of Grdelica gorge in 60 years old black pine (Pinusnigra Arnold.) stands. The aim of this study was to determine whether the applied planting method ofameliorative afforestation had an impact on physical and chemical soil properties, soil erodibility andsoil loss. The experimental fields were selected from the afforested areas where soil samples weretaken from fixed depths and then were subjected to physical and chemical laboratory analyses. Thesoil erodibility factor K was calculated using the Wischmeier and Smith formula, whilst, soil loss wasestimated according to Erosion Potential method – EPM by Gavrilović. According to the results of theresearch, in the studied period of 60 years there was a change in the soil physical and chemical properties.There was also a reduction in the soil erodibility factor and soil loss which can be the result ofameliorative afforestation. The afforestation method can affect the reduction of soil losses, while theerodibility factor may be affected indirectly (e.g. by increase in the organic matter content, formingstructural aggregates) not immediately after afforestation, but in a long term period.

AGROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES MONITORING OF THE VARIOUS LANDS WITHIN THE AGROLANDSCAPE

1970 ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
D. A. Ivanov ◽  
O. V. Karaseva ◽  
M. V. Rublyuk
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Granulometric Composition ◽  
Land Allocation ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Agrochemical Properties ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Term Monitoring ◽  
Output Field ◽  
Term Monitoring

The paper presents the results of a statistical analysis of data on long-term monitoring of the agrochemical properties of soils of various lands within the reclaimed agrolandscape. Research was conducted in 1997-2012. on the agroecological transect of the VNIIMZ polygon - a narrow field 1300 m long that intersects all the main landscape positions of the end moraine hill. During the monitoring, two rounds of agrochemical surveys of the transect territory were carried out: 1. In 1997, the initial state of the soils was investigated; 2. In 2012, the state of the soils of the output field and crop rotation array. Agrochemical parameters of soils (various types of acidity, content of plant nutrients and humus) were determined at the sampling points regularly located along the transect. The research results were statistically processed based on the STATGRAPHICS plus package. It was revealed that during the research, the same type of evolution of the agrochemical parameters of soils of different lands occurred - acidification of soils, loss of the basic elements of plant nutrition during the accumulation of humus are observed everywhere. By 2012, the spatial variability of most agrochemical parameters of soils of different lands mainly began to depend on the granulometric composition of soils. A significant difference was found in the mechanism of soil loss of potassium and phosphorus - potassium migration mainly depends on the intensity of eluvial processes in the agrolandscape, and phosphorus moves laterally along the plow sole. Based on the results obtained, it is possible to develop a system of adaptive land allocation in an agrolandscape, which allows controlling degradation processes in soils.

scholarly journals Effects of Long-Term Crop-Livestock-Forestry Systems on Soil Erosion and Water Infiltration in a Brazilian Cerrado Site

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jullian Souza Sone ◽  
Paulo T. Sanches de Oliveira ◽  
Pedro A. Pereira Zamboni ◽  
Nelson O. Motta Vieira ◽  
Glauber Altrão Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
No Till ◽  
One Year

Integrating agricultural land uses is a suitable alternative for fostering economic development and improving food security. However, the effects of long-term integrated systems on soil erosion and water infiltration are still poorly understood. Here, we investigate the influence of different agricultural land uses on soil erosion and water infiltration in an Oxisol site located in the Brazilian Cerrado region. The experimental area consisted of continuous grazing under variable stocking rates with regular fertilization (CG-RF), continuous cropping under no-till (CC-NT) and no-till with 4-year subsoiling (CC-SS), rotation of one year cropping and three years livestock in the livestock phase (C1-L3), rotation of four years cropping and four years livestock in the cropping phase (CL-4C) and in the livestock phase (CL-4L), and integrated crop-livestock-forestry in the cropping phase (CLF-C) and in the livestock phase (CLF-L). To evaluate water infiltration and soil loss, we used a rainfall simulator with a constant rainfall intensity of 74.9 ± 3.6 mm h−1 in plots of 0.7 m2. We carried out 72 rainfall simulations comprising four repetitions in each treatment under vegetation and bare soil. Stable infiltration rate (SIR) ranged from 45.9 to 74.8 mm h−1 and 19.4 to 70.8 mm h−1 under vegetation covers and bare soil, respectively. Our findings indicated that SIR values under CLF-C were 60% greater than under CG-RF. We also found that soil loss rates under CLF-C were 50% smaller than under CG-RF. The crop–livestock rotation period that presented better results of SIR and soil loss was one year of cropping and three years of livestock (C1-L3). Overall, we noted that SIR and soil loss values under CLF-C are similar to the Cerrado native vegetation. Therefore, our study reveals the opportunity to increase agricultural production, improve food supply, and reduce soil erosion with adequate soil and agricultural management.

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