scholarly journals Effect of Lifestyle Intervention on Features of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Metabolic Syndrome, and Intima-Media Thickness in Obese Adolescent Girls

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (11) ◽  
pp. 3533-3540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Lass ◽  
Michaela Kleber ◽  
Katrin Winkel ◽  
Rainer Wunsch ◽  
Thomas Reinehr
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Obese Adolescent ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Abstract Context: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is associated with cardiovascular risk factors (CRF). Lifestyle intervention is regarded as therapy of choice even if studies in adolescent girls with PCOS are scarce. Objective: Our objective was to analyze the impact of lifestyle intervention on menses irregularities, hyperandrogenemia, CRF, and intima-media thickness (IMT) in adolescent girls with PCOS. Patients: Patients included 59 obese girls with PCOS aged 12–18 yr. Intervention: Intervention was a 1-yr lifestyle intervention based on nutrition education, exercise training, and behavior therapy. Main Outcome Measures: Menses cycles, IMT, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting lipids, insulin, glucose, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, androstenedione, and SHBG were evaluated. Results: In contrast to the 33 girls without weight loss, the 26 girls reducing their body mass index during the lifestyle intervention (by a mean of −3.9 kg/m2) improved most CRF and decreased their IMT (by a mean of −0.01 cm). Testosterone concentrations decreased (by a mean of −0.3 nmol/liter) and SHBG concentrations increased (by a mean of +8 ng/ml) significantly in girls with weight loss in contrast to girls with increasing weight. The prevalence of amenorrhea (−42%) and oligoamenorrhea (−19%) decreased in the girls with weight loss. The changes in insulin in the 1-yr follow-up were significantly correlated to changes in testosterone (r = 0.38; P = 0.002) and SHBG (r = −0.35; P = 0.048). A linear regression model with changes in IMT as dependent variable demonstrated a significant association with changes in blood pressure and weight status but not with changes in testosterone. Conclusions: Weight loss due to lifestyle intervention is effective to treat menses irregularities, normalize androgens, and improve CRF and IMT in obese adolescent girls with PCOS.

Association between androgens, intima-media thickness and the metabolic syndrome in obese adolescent girls

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 770-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon De Sousa ◽  
Christian Brodoswki ◽  
Michaela Kleber ◽  
Rainer Wunsch ◽  
Thomas Reinehr
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Obese Adolescent ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

scholarly journals Morning Circadian Misalignment Is Associated With Insulin Resistance in Girls With Obesity and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (8) ◽  
pp. 3525-3534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey L Simon ◽  
Laura McWhirter ◽  
Cecilia Diniz Behn ◽  
Kate M Bubar ◽  
Jill L Kaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Adolescent ◽  
Circadian Misalignment ◽  
Wake Time ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Sleep Timing ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Abstract Context To our knowledge, circadian rhythms have not been examined in girls with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), despite the typical delayed circadian timing of adolescence, which is an emerging link between circadian health and insulin sensitivity (SI), and decreased SI in PCOS. Objective To examine differences in the circadian melatonin rhythm between obese adolescent girls with PCOS and control subjects, and evaluate relationships between circadian variables and SI. Design Cross-sectional study. Participants Obese adolescent girls with PCOS (n = 59) or without PCOS (n = 33). Outcome Measures Estimated sleep duration and timing from home actigraphy monitoring, in-laboratory hourly sampled dim-light, salivary-melatonin and fasting hormone analysis. Results All participants obtained insufficient sleep. Girls with PCOS had later clock-hour of melatonin offset, later melatonin offset relative to sleep timing, and longer duration of melatonin secretion than control subjects. A later melatonin offset after wake time (i.e., morning wakefulness occurring during the biological night) was associated with higher serum free testosterone levels and worse SI regardless of group. Analyses remained significant after controlling for daytime sleepiness and sleep-disordered breathing. Conclusion Circadian misalignment in girls with PCOS is characterized by later melatonin offset relative to clock time and sleep timing. Morning circadian misalignment was associated with metabolic dysregulation in girls with PCOS and obesity. Clinical care of girls with PCOS and obesity would benefit from assessment of sleep and circadian health. Additional research is needed to understand mechanisms underlying the relationship between morning circadian misalignment and SI in this population.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of lifestyle modification package among overweight and obese adolescent girls between 15-19 years with polycystic ovarian syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anju Krishnan Nair ◽  
Bindu Nambisan ◽  
Sreekumary Radha ◽  
Jayasree Leelamma
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Obese Adolescent ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common female endocrine disorder which is often diagnosed during late adolescence, with anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Adolescent girls with PCOS, are at an increased risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. Early diagnosis and early intervention may prevent long term sequelae and improve quality of life. The objectives were to study the effectiveness of lifestyle modification package among overweight and obese adolescent girls between 15-19 years with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Methods: In this study 144 adolescent girls (postmenarchal by 2 years) diagnosed as PCOS as per Rotterdam criteria after ruling out other causes of menstrual abnormality listed in the exclusion criteria, were selected. Informed consent taken from the participant or their parent if less than 18 years. Their anthropometric measurements and their menstrual cycles recorded at the beginning of the study and a lifestyle modification package including dietary modification and exercise, given to each of them. Participants were followed up telephonically every month to know their compliance towards the intervention program along with reinforcement of the package.  After 6 months of intervention they were reviewed to assess the effectiveness of the intervention package.Results: Significant weight loss was seen in 66.4% of the participants and15.2% had weight stabilization (weight gain <1.5kg). There was significant change in BMI with mean change in BMI 1.9. 58.4% of the girls improved their menstrual cycle after 6 months. There was significant reduction in body fat% and W/H ratio.Conclusions: Lifestyle modification is a simple, cost effective treatment in the management of overweight and obese adolescent PCOS in improving their BMI and regularization of menstrual cycles.

scholarly journals The Impact of Gestational Diabetes in Pregnancy on the Cardiovascular System of Children at One Year of Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 5839
Author(s):  
Annette Wacker-Gussmann ◽  
Judith Schopen ◽  
Jana Engelhard ◽  
Christina Sitzberger ◽  
Nadine Lienert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication in pregnancy. The effect of GDM on the cardiovascular system after birth is still unclear. Between August 2015 and December 2018, 205 pregnant women were included in the prospective controlled observational study. Patients with GDM were assigned to the study group (n = 99), whereas (n = 107) healthy women served as controls. Postnatal follow up of their offspring was performed at 12 months of age. All included children (n = 125) underwent a specific standardized protocol including anthropometric data, such as weight, height, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP) recordings and ultrasound measurements of the abdominal aortic intima-media-thickness (IMT). Furthermore, at least 10 min 3-channel electrocardiogram recording was done to evaluate the autonomic nervous system (ANS) by phase rectified signal averaging. There were no significant differences in anthropometric data between the groups, neither in the blood pressure nor in the intima-media-thickness of the aorta abdominals. However, in the study group, significantly lower average acceleration capacity (AAC) (study group −20.10 ± 3.04 ms, control group −18.87 ± 4.00 ms, p = 0.02) was found, indicating ANS activation at one year of age. Further studies are required to determine if these results are persistent and if these findings have long-term effects.

scholarly journals Effect of Weight Loss on Symptoms of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome among Women of Reproductive Age

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Anita Dileep ◽  
Manal Ahmed Faek Samy ◽  
Nazneen Hussain ◽  
Sham Zain Alabdind
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Successful Weight Loss ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Baseline Bmi ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disease, which affects women of childbearing age. Its exact etiology is not yet fully understood, but there have been a number of theories and hypotheses which suggested that it is related to multiple factors. However, the most common cause is the insulin resistance, which contributed in development of PCOS and weight gain as well. <b><i>Aim:</i></b> This study aims to assess the impact of weight control on the management of PCOS among obese patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a retrospective observational study conducted on 68 obese PCOS women at different primary healthcare centers in Dubai. Patients were included only if they were following a healthy lifestyle, using metformin (750–1,000 mg) for at least 3–9 months, and lost at least 5.0–10.0% of their baseline body weights. The follow-up period was for 1 year based on their medical records. Data were analyzed and represented as mean ± standard deviation of continues measures, while the χ<sup>2</sup> test, independent Student’s <i>t</i> test, and one-way ANOVA test were performed for comparing numerical variables between different groups of categorical variables. <i>p</i> value was considered significant at &#x3c;0.05. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Mean age of the patients was 26.1 ± 6.5 years, and the average baseline BMI was 34.7 ± 4.3 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. The most frequently reported clinical feature of PCOS was irregular menstruation (<i>n</i> = 38, 55.9%). Majority of the patients (80.0%) who had a successful weight loss (median of 8.0 [3, 10] kg) during the 1-year follow-up reported a significant clinical improvement, while those reported no clinical improvement did not actually have a considerable weight loss (median of 4 [2, 5] kg) (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). Additionally, the duration of treatment of 9 months was significantly respectable for achieving higher weight loss than less durations (<i>p</i> = 0.002). Furthermore, the only factor which contributed to clinical improvement of PCOS was the baseline BMI (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This study demonstrated that following an appropriate care plan by a combination of lifestyle modifications and metformin was effective in achieving a successful weight loss, which resulted in a significant improvement in the clinical features of the PCOS. Further studies are recommended to raise awareness of women regarding the PCOS and to encourage them to communicate with healthcare providers for initiating their self-management care.

Abstract P235: Employing the DASH Diet to Treat Non-dippers: A Two-month Intervention Study

Hypertension ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun K Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Pressure Pattern ◽  
Dash Diet ◽  
Circadian Blood Pressure ◽  
Nocturnal Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Patterns ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle

Introduction: Hypertensive patients with abnormal circadian blood pressure patterns, including a lack of nocturnal blood pressure dipping or rises in blood pressure from daytime to night-time, are at an increased risk for numerous cardiovascular events including strokes, heart failure and renal failure. Currently, limited therapeutic strategies exist to treat non-dippers. In this study, we examine the role of obesity on circadian blood pressure patterns and the impact of lifestyle intervention on nocturnal dip. Methodology: 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed before and after a 2-month intervention employing the DASH diet and lifestyle program with a targeted 5% weight loss in 80 volunteers. 20 control patients had a healthy nocturnal dip, 30 patients had a non-dipping blood pressure pattern, and 30 patients had a rise in blood pressure nocturnally from daytime. Results: At baseline, there was a linear correlation between individuals' BMI and nocturnal blood pressure aberrancies (r= 0.60, p<0.0001). The control group had the lowest average BMI of 28.1 kg/m2. Non-dippers had a slightly higher average BMI of 30.3 kg/m2, and those with a rise in blood pressure nocturnally had the greatest average BMI of 35.3 kg/m2. After the two-month lifestyle intervention, individuals who achieved weight loss had significantly greater average reductions in nocturnal blood pressure (24.3 mm Hg), compared to daytime (12.1 mm Hg), resulting in the restoration of a more normal nocturnal dip and circadian blood pressure pattern. Non-dippers who achieved a 5% reduction in weight during the intervention had an average 8.31% nocturnal dip by the end of the study. Individuals who lost less than 5% of their weight or who gained weight continued to have a non-dipping blood pressure pattern by the end of the study. Conclusions: The results of this study would suggest that perhaps reducing weight by adhering to the DASH diet and lifestyle intervention could be examined as therapeutic avenues for non-dippers in the future. The long-term effects of a restoration of normal circadian blood pressure pattern warrants further investigation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document