scholarly journals Central Hypothyroidism Related to Pituitary Adenomas: Low Incidence of Central Hypothyroidism in Patients With Acromegaly

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 4879-4888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Takamizawa ◽  
Kazuhiko Horiguchi ◽  
Yasuyo Nakajima ◽  
Takashi Okamura ◽  
Emi Ishida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Central Hypothyroidism ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Tsh Levels

Abstract Context The most frequent cause of central hypothyroidism (CeH) is pituitary adenomas, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Objective We investigated serum thyroid levels and GH/IGF-1 in central hypothyroidism in untreated patients with pituitary nonfunctioning and GH-secreting adenomas. Design This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of cases collected from Gunma University and Toranomon Hospitals between 2007 and 2016. Patients One-hundred thirty-nine cases of nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA) and 150 cases of GH-secreting pituitary adenoma (GHPA) were analyzed. Main Outcome Measures The correlations between thyroid levels, several clinicopathological parameters, and GH/IGF-1 were examined. Results Twenty-four percent of NFPA patients had CeH. The severity did not correlate with tumor size, age, or sex, and all cases had normal TSH levels. In contrast, only 8.7% of GHPA patients had CeH; approximately half had normal TSH levels and approximately half had low TSH levels. Serum TSH levels in GHPA patients were significantly lower and free T4 (FT4) and free T3 levels were higher than those in patients with NFPA. Furthermore, approximately one-fourth of GHPA patients had normal FT4 and low TSH levels. In addition, serum FT4 levels and serum TSH levels were positively and negatively correlated, respectively, with serum IGF-1 levels. Furthermore, IGF-1 levels in patients with GHPA decreased with age. Conclusions (i) NFPA patients with CeH had TSH levels within a normal range. (ii) GHPA patients had a low incidence of CeH, which may be a result of stimulated thyroid function by GH/IGF-1. (iii) We found an age-dependent decrease in serum IGF-1 levels in patients with GHPA.

scholarly journals Does foetal gender influence maternal thyroid parameters in pregnancy?

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgiana Sitoris ◽  
Flora Veltri ◽  
Pierre Kleynen ◽  
Malika Ichiche ◽  
Serge Rozenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Range ◽  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Thyroid ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Tsh Levels

Objective It is unknown if foetal gender influences maternal thyroid function during pregnancy. We therefore investigated the prevalence of thyroid disorders and determined first-trimester TSH reference ranges according to gender. Methods A cross-sectional study involving 1663 women with an ongoing pregnancy was conducted. Twin and assisted pregnancies and l-thyroxine or antithyroid treatment before pregnancy were exclusion criteria. Serum TSH, free T4 (FT4) and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) were measured at median (interquartile range; IQR) 13 (11–17) weeks of gestation. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) was present when serum TSH levels were >3.74 mIU/L with normal FT4 levels (10.29–18.02 pmol/L), and thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) was present when TPOAb were ≥60 kIU/L. Results Eight hundred and forty-seven women were pregnant with a female foetus (FF) and 816 with a male foetus (MF). In women without TAI and during the gestational age period between 9 and 13 weeks (with presumed high-serum hCG levels), median (IQR range) serum TSH in the FF group was lower than that in the MF group: 1.13 (0.72–1.74) vs 1.24 (0.71–1.98) mIU/L; P = 0.021. First-trimester gender-specific TSH reference range was 0.03–3.53 mIU/L in the FF group and 0.03–3.89 mIU/L in the MF group. The prevalence of SCH and TAI was comparable between the FF and MF group: 4.4% vs 5.4%; P = 0.345 and 4.9% vs 7.5%; P = 0.079, respectively. Conclusions Women pregnant with an MF have slightly but significantly higher TSH levels and a higher upper limit of the first-trimester TSH reference range, compared with pregnancies with a FF. We hypothesise that this difference may be related to higher hCG levels in women pregnant with a FF, although we were unable to measure hCG in this study. Further studies are required to investigate if this difference has any clinical relevance.

scholarly journals Assessment of thyroid and prolactin levels among the women with abnormal uterine bleeding

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2547
Author(s):  
Jovita Deepthy John ◽  
Vimala Damodaran ◽  
Shankar Radhakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tsh Levels

Background: Thyroid disorders are 10 times more common in women than men.1 Menstrual disturbances usually accompany clinical alterations in thyroid function and every clinician would have encountered altered menstrual pattern among women suffering from either hypo or hyper thyroidism. A high serum prolactin level can distrurb the follicular maturation and corpus luteum function, and leads to inhibition of normal pulsatile secretion of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone in hypothalamus resulting in anovulation. The aim of the study was to assess the thyroid and the prolactin levels among the women with abnormal uterine bleeding and to evaluate the association between them by comparing with normal females.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted for a period of one year between Jan 2016 and December 2016 in our institution at the gynaecology OPD. Patients in the age group of 15 to 45 with the complaints of abnormal uterine bleeding and with the ultrasound findings showing normal uterus and ovary were included in the study. Hundred age and sex matched controls without any complaints of abnormal uterine bleeding in the age group of 15 – 45 years were also included in the study. Free T3, Free T4, TSH and prolactin estimation was done by chemiluminescent immunoassay for both the patients and the controls.Results: The mean TSH levels among the cases were much higher than that of the controls and the difference in the levels found to be statistically significant. Similarly, hyperprolactinemia was found in 18 cases when compared to 2 cases in controls and the mean prolactin levels were higher in cases. The serum prolactin levels and the serum TSH levels showed a perfect positive correlation which indicates that as the TSH level increases prolactin levels also increases with the R value >0.5.Conclusions: Early detection of hypothyroidism in such subjects saves the patient from recurrent curettage and at times hysterectomy. The financial implications of screening for prolactin/thyroid hormone abnormalities will have to be evaluated before a general recommendation can be made.

scholarly journals Influence of Smoking on Thyroid Function in Japanese Subjects: Longitudinal Study for One Year of On-Off Smoking

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 2385-2396
Author(s):  
Yasuyo Nakajima ◽  
Sayaka Yamada ◽  
Ayaka Nishikido ◽  
Akiko Katano-Toki ◽  
Emi Ishida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Tsh Levels ◽  
Japanese Subjects

Abstract Context We previously identified factors affecting thyroid status, including sex, age, and smoking. Objective In the current study, we increased the number of subjects examined and investigated the effects of these factors, particularly smoking and the thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab), in Japanese patients with euthyroxinemia and serum free T4 levels within the normal range. Participants A total of 12,289 subjects who underwent health checkups were analyzed in a cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Results The mean age of subjects was 50 ± 10 years (age range: 21 to 88 years). Serum TSH levels and the prevalence of positivity for TPO-Ab increased with age in Japanese subjects with euthyroxinemia. Mean serum TSH levels were significantly lower in the smoking group than in the nonsmoking group except for women older than 50 years. Serum TSH levels were significantly higher in subjects with positivity for TPO-Ab than in those with negativity at all ages and in both sexes; however, smoking did not affect free T4 levels or positivity for TPO-Ab. Among men, the rate of smokers was significantly higher in patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism (25%) than in those with subclinical hypothyroidism (10%; P < 0.05). Furthermore, the results of the longitudinal study revealed a significant decrease in serum TSH levels 1 year after the start of smoking in men (P < 0.05). Conclusion Because smoking appeared to lower serum TSH levels in Japanese subjects with euthyroxinemia, their smoking status warrants careful consideration when evaluating subclinical thyroid function.

Possible effects of neonatal vitamin B12 status on TSH-screening program: a cross-sectional study from Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zerrin Onal ◽  
Seda Balkaya ◽  
Atilla Ersen ◽  
Neval Mutlu ◽  
Hasan Onal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Serum Tsh

AbstractBackground:In this study we evaluated whether vitamin B12 deficiency affects neonatal screening (NS) for congenital hypothyroidism (CH).Methods:A cross-sectional study conducted from 2010 to 2011. A total of 10,740 infants were born in our hospital in this period. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was tested for NS and neonates with abnormal screening results (TSH>20 mIU/L) were re-examined. Two hundred and twenty-nine re-called subjects (re-call rate 2.3%) were compared to 77 randomly selected newborns with normal TSH screening among these term newborns in terms of serum TSH, free T4, vitamin B12 and homocysteine status.Results:Of the 229 re-called subjects, 11 infants with CH and 21 infants with transient TSH elevation were detected. In the normal TSH screening group, only two infants were diagnosed with transient TSH elevation. Mean serum B12 levels were 126.4±48.7 pg/mL and 211.9±127.9 pg/mL in the positive TSH-screening group and the control group, respectively. There was a significant difference between positive and normal TSH-screening groups in regard to serum TSH, free T4, serum B12 and homocysteine levels.Conclusions:We found a significant vitamin B12 deficiency in positive TSH-screening infants. Beside the crucial role of vitamin B12 in newborns, deficiency seems to increase the recall rates of infants in an NS program for CH.

scholarly journals Frequency and Factors associated with Thyroid Dysfunction- A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study from a Tertiary Care Center in Afghanistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Naeem Lakanwall ◽  
Sibtain Ahmed Ahmed ◽  
Shabnam Azizi ◽  
Jamshid Jalal ◽  
Ahmed Maseh Haidary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Tsh Levels

Abstract Objective: Endocrinopathies are a commonly occurring entity, particularly those of the thyroid gland, however there is death of scientific literature from Afghanistan, a country with very limited health care facilities and resources. This is the first study aimed to describe the frequency of occurrence and factor associated with thyroid dysfunction in Afghan population. The aim of this study is to estimate the frequency and to identify factors associated with thyroid dysfunction among individuals coming to a tertiary care facility in Kabul, Afghanistan.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to Sep 2018 at the Department of Clinical Pathology, French Medical Institute for Mothers and Children (FMIC), Kabul, Afghanistan. Blood samples were obtained, serum TSH levels were analyzed, and the patients were divided into three diagnostic categories according to their serum TSH concentrations: 1) Hypothyroidism 2) Hyperthyroidism 3) normal.Results: A total of 127 individuals were included in the final analysis. Majority study participants (77%) were females. A large number of the participants (92%) did not have family history of thyroid dysfunction. (74%) participants in the study had normal TSH levels classified as normal thyroid function, (14%) had lower TSH levels and (12%) higher TSH levels (Table 1) classified as hyper and hypothyroid respectively.Conclusion: The findings of the current study showed a high frequency of thyroid dysfunctions from a single center. Further large scale studies are needed to find out the prevalence and document this entity for better health outcomes in the country.

scholarly journals Is gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist usage really leading to thyroid dysfunction?

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-138
Author(s):  
Nafiye Yilmaz ◽  
Necati Hancerliogullari ◽  
Mustafa Kara ◽  
Yaprak Engin-Ustun
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Agonist ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Tsh Levels

Objectives Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) could influence the levels of sex hormones and thyroid hormones. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of GnRHa on thyroid function. Materials and methods The data of the patients were collected from the registrations of July 2014–October 2014. A total of 41 women who underwent one-time IVF cyclus were evaluated in this cross-sectional study. The patients were categorized into two groups according to the serum T3, T4, and TSH levels before and 2 weeks’ after the administration of GnRHa. Results Mean basal TSH and mean TSH levels on hCG day were 1.98 ± 0.77 and 1.75 ± 0.70, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). GnRHa did not lead to statistically significant difference on serum-free T3 and T4 levels. Conclusions In conclusion, our results demonstrate that GnRHa led to a decrease on serum TSH level. Serum-free T3 and T4 levels were remained unchanged and this might be due to early measurement of the hormone levels (just 2 weeks later from GnRHa administration).

scholarly journals Screening of Peri- and Postmenopausal Women for Hypothyroidism

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Sheela Jain ◽  
Sulabha Avinash Joshi ◽  
Madhuri Vaidya ◽  
Nidhi Sherawat
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Menopause Rating Scale

ABSTRACT Objectives 1. To study the prevalence of hypothyroidism in peri- and postmenopausal women 2. To study the correlation of menopausal symptoms with hypothyroidism. Methods Hospital based cross-sectional study carried out at Lata Mangeshkar Hospital, 200 women relatives of indoor patients in obstetrics and gynecology ward were included in study. Subjects included in study were in peri- and postmenopausal age group between 40 to 55 years, provided they fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. History was noted, menopause rating scale (MRS) score was obtained and height and weight was measured and serum TSH estimation was done. Results were noted and analyzed. Results Out of 200 women 25 women had raised TSH levels. Three women had overt hypothyroidism (TSH high, free T4 low), and 22 women had subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH high, free T4 normal). It was observed that out of 94 women who had MRS score, more than 8, 16 (16.6%) women had hypothyroidism and out of 106 women with lower MRS score (1 to 8), nine (8.49%) women had hypothyroidism. Conclusions Prevalence of hypothyroidism is high in peri- and postmenopausal age group (12.5%). Though women with high score are more likely to suffer from hypothyroidism, low score does not preclude the possibility of hypothyroidism. Screening should be done in this age group to prevent complications of hypothyroidism.

scholarly journals No association between subclinical hypothyroidism and dyslipidemia in children and adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashkan Habib ◽  
Asadollah Habib
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Pediatric Endocrinology ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tsh Levels

Abstract Background There are controversies about the correlation between higher levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and dyslipidemia in children. This study was designed to assess the relation between lipid profile components and TSH levels in children. Method This cross-sectional study was performed in a pediatric endocrinology growth assessment clinic in Shiraz, southern Iran. Children aged 2–18 years who referred to the clinic from January until April 2018 were included. TSH levels equal or above 5 mIU/L and lower than 10 mIU/L with normal free T4 (FT4) were considered as having subclinical hypothyroidism (SH). Results Six hundred sixty-six children were euthyroid while 181 had SH. No significant difference was found between the mean serum total cholesterol (P = 0.713), LDL-C (P = 0.369), HDL-C (P = 0.211), non-HDL-C (P = 0.929), and triglyceride (P = 0.215) levels between euthyroid children and subjects with SH. There was also no significant difference in the prevalence of dyslipidemias in any lipid profile components between the two groups. The adjusted correlation was not significant between TSH levels and any lipid profile component. Conclusion Based on the results of our study, we found no correlation between SH and dyslipidemia in children. The association between dyslipidemia and SH in children still seems to be inconsistent based on the results of this and previous studies. We recommend a meta-analysis or a significantly larger retrospective study on this subject.

scholarly journals Frequency and factors associated with thyroid dysfunctions: An analytical cross-sectional study from a tertiary care center in Kabul, Afghanistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 156 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S54-S54
Author(s):  
M Naeem
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunctions ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Tsh Levels

Abstract Introduction/Objective Endocrinopathies are a commonly occurring entity, particularly those of the thyroid gland, however there is lack of scientific literature from Afghanistan, a country with very limited health care facilities and resources. This is the first study aimed to describe the frequency of occurrence and factor associated with thyroid dysfunction in Afghan population. The aim of this study is to estimate the frequency and to identify factors associated with thyroid dysfunction among individuals coming to a tertiary care facility in Kabul, Afghanistan. Methods/Case Report A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to Sep 2018 at the Department of Clinical Pathology, French Medical Institute for Mothers and Children (FMIC), Kabul, Afghanistan. Blood samples were obtained, serum TSH levels were analyzed, and the patients were divided into three diagnostic categories according to their serum TSH concentrations: 1) Hypothyroidism 2) Hyperthyroidism 3) normal. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) A total of 127 individuals were included in the final analysis. Majority study participants (77%) were females. A large number of the participants (92%) did not have family history of thyroid dysfunction. (74%) participants in the study had normal TSH levels classified as normal thyroid function, (14%) had lower TSH levels and (12%) higher TSH levels (Table 1) classified as hyper and hypothyroid respectively. Conclusion The findings of the current study showed a high frequency of thyroid dysfunctions from a single center. Further large scale studies are needed to find out the prevalence and document this entity for better health outcomes in the country.

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