Diet quality is associated with disability and symptom severity in multiple sclerosis

Neurology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. e1-e11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn C. Fitzgerald ◽  
Tuula Tyry ◽  
Amber Salter ◽  
Stacey S. Cofield ◽  
Gary Cutter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Proportional Odds

ObjectiveTo assess the association between diet quality and intake of specific foods with disability and symptom severity in people with multiple sclerosis (MS).MethodsIn 2015, participants in the North American Research Committee on MS (NARCOMS) Registry completed a dietary screener questionnaire that estimates intake of fruits, vegetables and legumes, whole grains, added sugars, and red/processed meats. We constructed an overall diet quality score for each individual based on these food groups; higher scores denoted a healthier diet. We assessed the association between diet quality and disability status as measured using Patient-Determined Disease Steps (PDDS) and symptom severity using proportional odds models, adjusting for age, sex, income, body mass index, smoking status, and disease duration. We assessed whether a composite healthy lifestyle measure, a healthier diet, healthy weight (body mass index <25), routine physical activity, and abstinence from smoking was associated with symptom severity.ResultsOf the 7,639 (68%) responders, 6,989 reported physician-diagnosed MS and provided dietary information. Participants with diet quality scores in the highest quintile had lower levels of disability (PDDS; proportional odds ratio [OR] for Q5 vs Q1 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.69–0.93) and lower depression scores (proportional OR for Q5 vs Q1 0.82; 95% CI 0.70–0.97). Individuals reporting a composite healthy lifestyle had lower odds of reporting severe fatigue (0.69; 95% CI 0.59–0.81), depression (0.53; 95% CI 0.43–0.66), pain (0.56; 95% CI 0.48–0.67), or cognitive impairment (0.67; 95% CI 0.55–0.79).ConclusionsOur large cross-sectional survey suggests a healthy diet and a composite healthy lifestyle are associated with lesser disability and symptom burden in MS.

scholarly journals Exercise capacity and body mass index - important predictors of change in resting heart rate

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Ehrenwald ◽  
Asaf Wasserman ◽  
Shani Shenhar-Tsarfaty ◽  
David Zeltser ◽  
Limor Friedensohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents

Abstract Background Resting heart rate (RHR) is an obtainable, inexpensive, non-invasive test, readily available on any medical document. RHR has been established as a risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity, is related to other cardiovascular risk factors, and may possibly predict them. Change in RHR over time (∆RHR) has been found to be a potential predictor of mortality. Methods In this prospective study, RHR and ∆RHR were evaluated at baseline and over a period of 2.9 years during routine check-ups in 6683 subjects without known cardiovascular disease from the TAMCIS: Tel-Aviv Medical Center Inflammation Survey. Multiple linear regression analysis with three models was used to examine ∆RHR. The first model accounted for possible confounders by adjusting for age, sex and body mass index (BMI). The 2nd model included smoking status, baseline RHR, diastolic blood pressure (BP), dyslipidemia, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and metabolic equivalents of task (MET), and in the last model the change in MET and change in BMI were added. Results RHR decreased with age, even after adjustment for sex, BMI and MET. The mean change in RHR was − 1.1 beats/min between two consecutive visits, in both men and women. This ∆RHR was strongly correlated with baseline RHR, age, initial MET, and change occurring in MET and BMI (P < 0.001). Conclusions Our results highlight the need for examining individual patients’ ∆RHR. Reinforcing that a positive ∆RHR is an indicator of poor adherence to a healthy lifestyle.

scholarly journals Is There an Association between Socioeconomic Status and Body Mass Index among Adolescents in Mauritius?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqia Begum Fokeena ◽  
Rajesh Jeewon
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Multistage Sampling

There are no documented studies on socioeconomic status (SES) and body mass index (BMI) among Mauritian adolescents. This study aimed to determine the relationships between SES and BMI among adolescents with focus on diet quality and physical activity (PA) as mediating factors. Mauritian school adolescents (; 96 males, 104 females) were recruited using multistage sampling. Participants completed a self-reported questionnaire. Height and weight were measured and used to calculate BMI (categorised into underweight, healthy-weight, overweight, obese). Chi-square test, Pearson correlation, and Independent samples -test were used for statistical analysis. A negative association was found between SES and BMI (%, ). Diet quality, time spent in PA at school (), but not total PA (), were significantly associated with high SES. Poor diet quality and less time spent in PA at school could explain BMI discrepancies between SES groups.

scholarly journals Prediagnostic Body Mass Index and Pancreatic Cancer Survival

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (33) ◽  
pp. 4229-4234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Yuan ◽  
Ying Bao ◽  
Chen Wu ◽  
Peter Kraft ◽  
Shuji Ogino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Temporal Association ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Prospective Cohorts

Purpose Although obesity is associated with increased incidence of pancreatic cancer, studies have not prospectively evaluated prediagnostic body mass index (BMI) and survival. Patients and Methods We analyzed survival by prediagnostic BMI assessed in 1986 among 902 patients from two large prospective cohorts diagnosed from 1988 to 2010. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for death using Cox proportional hazards models, with adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking, diagnosis year, and stage. We evaluated the temporal association of BMI with survival by grouping reported BMI by 2-year lag-time intervals before diagnosis. Results The multivariable-adjusted HR for death was 1.53 (95% CI, 1.11 to 2.09) comparing patients with BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 with those with BMI < 25 kg/m2 (P trend = .001), which was similar after adjustment for stage. The association of BMI with survival was stronger with longer lag times between reported BMI and cancer diagnosis. Among patients with BMI collected 18 to 20 years before diagnosis, HR for death was 2.31 (95% CI, 1.48 to 3.61; P trend < .001), comparing obese with healthy-weight patients. No statistically significant differences were seen by cohort, smoking status, or stage, although the association was stronger among never-smokers (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.01 to 2.57; P trend = .002) than ever-smokers (HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 0.86 to 2.15; P trend = .63), comparing BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 with BMI < 25 kg/m2. Higher prediagnostic BMI was associated with more advanced stage at diagnosis, with 72.5% of obese patients presenting with metastatic disease versus 59.4% of healthy-weight patients (P = .02). Conclusion Higher prediagnostic BMI was associated with statistically significantly decreased survival among patients with pancreatic cancer from two large prospective cohorts.

The Association Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cotton-Wool Spots in Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

2021 ◽  
pp. 247412642198957
Author(s):  
Halward M.J. Blegen ◽  
Grant A. Justin ◽  
Bradley A. Bishop ◽  
Anthony R. Cox ◽  
James K. Aden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cotton Wool ◽  
Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Cotton Wool Spots ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Purpose: This work reports the association of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cotton-wool spots (CWS) seen in patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods: A random sample of patients diagnosed with DR between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2018, were selected from medical-billing codes. Dilated funduscopic examination findings and medical history were analyzed by reviewing medical records. Results: CWS were present in 12 of 118 patients without OSA, compared with 11 of 32 patients with OSA (10.2% vs 34.4%, respectively; P = .002). OSA was more common in men (68.8%, P = .03) and associated with a higher body mass index (30.0 ± 5.0 without OSA vs 33.6 ± 5.5 with OSA, P < .001). When comparing those with and without OSA, there was no association with age; glycated hemoglobin A1c; stage of DR; insulin dependence; presence of diabetic macular edema; smoking status; or a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease, or other breathing disorder. Conclusions: The presence of OSA is associated with CWS in patients with DR, as well as male sex and a higher body mass index. Further research is needed to determine the ophthalmologist’s role in the timely referral of patients with CWS for OSA evaluation.

scholarly journals Effect of Children’s Weight Status on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior during Physical Education, Recess, and After School

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2651
Author(s):  
Zachary C. Pope ◽  
Charles Huang ◽  
David Stodden ◽  
Daniel J. McDonough ◽  
Zan Gao
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
After School ◽  
Healthy Weight

Children’s body mass index may affect physical activity (PA) participation. Therefore, this study examined the effect of children’s weight status on underserved elementary school children’s PA and sedentary behavior (SB) throughout the segmented day. Participants were 138 children (X¯age = 8.14 years). Children’s height and weight were measured with subsequent classification of children as healthy weight or overweight/obese. Durations of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), light PA (LPA), and SB during physical education (PE), morning recess, lunch recess, after school, and overall were assessed via accelerometry over three days. Independent t-tests evaluated differences in children’s MVPA, LPA, and SB during each daily segment by weight status. Significantly higher MVPA was observed for children of healthy weight status versus children with overweight/obesity during morning recess, t(136) = 2.15, p = 0.03, after school, t(136) = 2.68, p < 0.01, and overall, t(136) = 2.65, p < 0.01. Interestingly, comparisons of children of healthy weight status and children with overweight/obesity’s LPA and SB during the after-school segment revealed a trend wherein children with overweight/obesity participated in slightly greater LPA/less SB than children of healthy weight status. Higher MVPA was observed among children of healthy weight versus children with overweight/obesity during most daily segments. Concerted efforts should focus on increasing MVPA among children with overweight/obesity.

scholarly journals Pregnancy outcomes related to gestational weight gain in women defined by their body mass index, parity, height, and smoking status

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 1288-1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen A Nohr ◽  
Michael Vaeth ◽  
Jennifer L Baker ◽  
Thorkild IA Sørensen ◽  
Jorn Olsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Gestational Weight
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