Quality of Plant-based Diet and Risk of Total, Ischemic, and Hemorrhagic Stroke

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011713
Author(s):  
Megu Y Baden ◽  
Zhilei Shan ◽  
Fenglei Wang ◽  
Yanping Li ◽  
JoAnn E Manson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Hazard Ratios

Objective:To determine whether a healthful plant-based diet is related to lower stroke risk, we examined the associations of plant-based diet quality with risk of total, ischemic, and hemorrhagic stroke.Methods:The participants were 73,890 women in Nurses’ Health Study (NHS; 1984 to 2016), 92,352 women in NHSII (1991 to 2017), and 43,266 men in Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (1986 to 2012) without cardiovascular disease and cancer at baseline. Plant-based diet quality was evaluated by the overall plant-based diet index (PDI), the healthful PDI (hPDI), and the unhealthful PDI (uPDI). Participants who reported their meat and/or fish intakes were zero or less than one serving per month were categorized as vegetarians, and others were classified as non-vegetarians. Strokes with available medical records were subtyped as ischemic or hemorrhagic.Results:During the follow-up, 6,241 total stroke cases (including 3,015 ischemic and 853 hemorrhagic strokes) were documented. Compared to participants with the lowest PDIs, among participants with the highest PDIs the hazard ratios (HRs) for total stroke were 0.94 (95% confidence interval 0.86 to 1.03) for PDI, 0.90 (0.83 to 0.98) for hPDI, and 1.05 (0.96 to 1.15) for uPDI. Participants in the highest hPDI showed marginally lower HR for ischemic stroke (0.92 [0.82 to 1.04]) and no consistent associations for hemorrhagic stroke. We observed no association between a vegetarian diet and total stroke (1.00 [0.76 to 1.32]), although the number of cases was small.Conclusions:Lower risk of total stroke was observed by those who adhered to a healthful plant-based diet.

Abstract 18: Changes in Diet Quality Scores and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among Us Men and Women

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Sotos-Prieto ◽  
Shilpa N Bhupathiraju ◽  
Josiemer Mattei ◽  
Teresa T Fung ◽  
Yanping Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Dash Score ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Over Time

Background: While adherence to several diet quality scores, including the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), Alternative Mediterranean diet score (AMED), and Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH), has been associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), little is known about how changes in these scores over time influence subsequent CVD risk. Objective: To evaluate the association between 4-y changes in three diet quality scores (AHEI, AMED and DASH) and subsequent risk of CVD among women and men in the Nurses’ Health Study I and Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Methods: We followed up 50,195 women in the Nurses’ Health Study (1986-2010) and 29,547 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2010). AHEI, AMED and DASH were defined using data obtained from validated food frequency questionnaires updated every 4-y. Time-dependent and baseline Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) with adjustment for age, family history of CVD, race, baseline diet quality, changes in smoking status, and initial and changes in other lifestyle factors (physical activity, alcohol intake, total energy intake). Outcome was defined as the number of confirmed incident cases of CVD (total coronary heart disease and stroke). Results across cohorts were pooled by an inverse variance-weighted, random-effect meta-analysis. Results: During 1,397,871 person-years of follow-up, we documented 11,542 incident CVD cases. Compared with individuals whose diet quality remained relatively stable (no change) in each 4-y period, those with the greatest improvements (11-22%) in diet quality had a 7-8% lower risk of CVD in the subsequent 4-y period [pooled HR (95% CI): AHEI: 0.92(0.87, 0.99); AMED: 0.93 (0.85, 1.02); DASH: 0.93, (0.87, 0.99); all P-trend<0.05]. A 20 % increase in diet scores was associated with 3-9% lower risk of CVD (AHEI: 0.91 (0.86, 0.97); AMED: 0.97 (0.94, 0.99); DASH: 0.94 (0.90, 0.98). Increasing the diet scores (12-22%) from baseline to the first 4-y follow-up was associated with a lower risk of CVD during the next 20 years of follow-up [7% (1%, 12%) for AHEI and 9% (3%, 14%) for AMED]. On the other hand, a decrease in DASH score (16%) was associated with 8% (2%, 15%) higher risk of CVD over 20 years. Conclusions: Improving adherence to diet quality scores over time is associated with significantly lower risk of CVD, both in the short-term and long-term. Our results provide novel evidence that modest improvement in diet quality over time confers benefits for CVD prevention.

Abstract WP417: Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics on Risk of Ischemic and Intracerebral Hemorrhagic Stroke: A Result from Kailuan Study

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Shufeng Zhang ◽  
Liheng Bian ◽  
Xingquan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Ideal

Objectives To investigate the relationship between ideal cardiovascular health metrics (including smoking, body mass index, dietary intake, physical activity, blood pressure, total cholesterol and fasting blood glucose) and risk of stroke. Background Previous studies showed a strong relationship between the number of ideal cardiovascular health metrics and lower risk of cardiovascular diseases and stroke. However, little is known regarding its relationship with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke risk respectively. Methods We collected information on the ideal cardiovascular health metrics among 91,698 participants (18-98 years old; 72826 men and 18872 women) free of myocardial infarction and stroke at baseline (2006-07) in the Kailuan cohort study, China. We then prospectively investigated the association between ideal cardiovascular health metrics and risk of stroke. Results During four years of follow-up, we identified 1443 incident strokes (1057 ischemic and 386 intracerebral hemorrhagic). The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios for total stroke with adherence to 0 (reference), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 or 7 ideal health metrics were 1, 0.91, 0.69, 0.51, 0.37, 0.28, and 0.25 (95% confidence interval: 0.11-0.55; p-trend <0.0001) respectively after adjusting for age, sex, and other covariates. Similar inverse associations were observed for both ischemic and intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke (p-trend < 0.0005 for both). Conclusions We observed a clear inverse dose-response relationship between the number of ideal cardiovascular health metrics and risk of stroke in a Chinese population, which supports the importance of ideal health behaviors and factors in the prevention of stroke.

Comparison of diet quality of US adults based on primary motivation for following a vegetarian diet: A cross-sectional online study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Torna ◽  
Elena Smith ◽  
Meagan Lamothe ◽  
Dr. Bobbi Langkamp-Henken ◽  
Dr. Jeanette M Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Motivation ◽  
Online Study

Consumption of flavonoid-rich fruits, flavonoids from fruits, and stroke risk: a prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Qi Gao ◽  
Jia-Yi Dong ◽  
Renzhe Cui ◽  
Isao Muraki ◽  
Kazumasa Yamagishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Risk ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Proportional Hazards Regression ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Index Study

Abstract We sought to examine the prospective associations of specific fruit consumption, in particular flavonoid-rich fruit (FRF) consumption, with the risk of stroke and subtypes of stroke in a Japanese population. A study followed a total of 39,843 men and 47,334 women aged 44-76 years, and free of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer at baseline since 1995 and 1998 to the end of 2009 and 2012, respectively. Data on total and specific FRF consumption for each participant were obtained using a self-administrated food frequency questionnaire. The hazard ratios (HRs) of stroke in relation to total and specific FRF consumption were estimated through Cox proportional hazards regression models. During a median follow-up of 13.1 years, 4092 incident stroke cases (2557 cerebral infarctions and 1516 hemorrhagic strokes) were documented. After adjustment for age, body mass index, study area, lifestyles, dietary factors, and other risk factors, it was found that total FRF consumption was associated with a significantly lower risk of stroke in women (HR= 0.70; 95% CI, 0.58-0.84), while the association in men was not significant (HR= 0.93; 95% CI, 0.79-1.09). As for specific FRFs, consumptions of citrus fruits, strawberries, and grapes were found associated with a lower stroke risk in women. Higher consumptions of FRFs, in particular citrus fruits, strawberries, and grapes, were associated with a lower risk of developing stroke in Japanese women.

scholarly journals Religiousness and Quality of Life Among Older Adults of Different Ethnic Groups in Malaysia: A Five-Year Follow-up Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Min Tan ◽  
Daniel D. Reidpath ◽  
Rachel Sing-Kiat Ting ◽  
Pascale Allotey ◽  
Tin Tin Su
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Follow Up Study

scholarly journals HGG-47. DECREASED GROWTH VELOCITY WITH LONG TERM USE OF BRAFV600e AND MEK INHIBITION IN A PATIENT WITH ANAPLASTIC GANGLIOGLIOMA

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii352-iii352
Author(s):  
Hung Tran ◽  
Robert Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Growth Velocity ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Chromosomal Microarray ◽  
Mek Inhibition ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract PURPOSE To describe decreased growth velocity with long term use of BRAFV600e and MEK inhibition in a patient with anaplastic ganglioglioma. RESULTS 4-year-old patient was found to have a 6 x 4.6 x 5 cm mass in the hypothalamus. Pathology consistent with anaplastic ganglioglioma and chromosomal microarray revealed a BRAFV600e mutation. Patient started on dabrafenib and trametinib and tumor decreased 85% after 3 months. She is stable without significant toxicities 39 months on therapy, and is now 8 years old. Patient had been growing at the 25% for weight and 12% for height but is now 65% for weight and 0.5% for height. It is difficult to tease out the relationship between the tumor, the location of the tumor, and the BRAF and MEK inhibitors and their effect on growth. Discussions with the family and endocrinology are ongoing but being &lt;1% for height will lead to decrease in quality of life. CONCLUSIONS Further follow-up study is needed to determine if this is truly a long-term toxicity, or if this may just be a direct result of the location of the tumor. Would supplementation with growth hormone in this patient lead to losing control of a high grade tumor, or would it simply replace a hormone that is not produced?

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