Congenital Obliteration of the Anterior Portion of the Lateral Ventricle

Abstract The results of endoscopic biopsy in 21 cases of intraventricular tumor are presented. The details of the equipment are given. Of the 21 tumors biopsied, there were 9 in the lateral ventricle, 2 in the thalamus, 6 in the anterior portion of the 3rd ventricle, and 4 in the pineal region. A correct histological diagnosis was made in 11 cases (52.4%). No serious complications were noted. The value of the procedure is discussed.

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Ultrastructure of the Parotid Gland of the Nine-Banded Armadillo

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100080626 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 640-641

Author(s):

J. R. Ruby

Keyword(s):

Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽

Parotid Gland ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Acinar Cells ◽

Duct System ◽

Parotid Glands ◽

Dasypus Novemcinctus ◽

Anterior Portion ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Thin Sections

Parotid glands were obtained from five adult (four male and one female) armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus) which were perfusion-fixed. The glands were located in a position similar to that of most mammals. They extended interiorly to the anterior portion of the submandibular gland.In the light microscope, it was noted that the acini were relatively small and stained strongly positive with the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and alcian blue techniques, confirming the earlier results of Shackleford (1). Based on these qualities and other structural criteria, these cells have been classified as seromucous (2). The duct system was well developed. There were numerous intercalated ducts and intralobular striated ducts. The striated duct cells contained large amounts of PAS-positive substance.Thin sections revealed that the acinar cells were pyramidal in shape and contained a basally placed, slightly flattened nucleus (Fig. 1). The rough endoplasmic reticulum was also at the base of the cell.

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Morphological and elemental analysis of isolated incubated frog retina-choroid

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100111604 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. 298-299

Author(s):

B. J. Panessa-Warren ◽

J. B. Warren ◽

H. W. Kraner

Keyword(s):

Elemental Analysis ◽

Pigment Epithelium ◽

Human Retina ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Anterior Portion ◽

Pathological Conditions ◽

Frog Retina ◽

Isolated Retina ◽

Vertebrate Eye ◽

Retina Pigment Epithelium

Our previous studies have demonstrated that abnormally high amounts of calcium (Ca) and zinc (Zn) can be accumulated in human retina-choroid under pathological conditions and that barium (Ba), which was not detected in the eyes of healthy individuals, is deposited in the retina pigment epithelium (RPE), and to a lesser extent in the sensory retina and iris. In an attempt to understand how these cations can be accumulated in the vertebrate eye, a morphological and microanalytical study of the uptake and loss of specific cations (K, Ca,Ba,Zn) was undertaken with incubated Rana catesbiana isolated retina and RPE preparations. Large frogs (650-800 gms) were dark adapted, guillotined and their eyes enucleated in deep ruby light. The eyes were hemisected behind the ora serrata and the anterior portion of the eye removed. The eyecup was bisected along the plane of the optic disc and the two segments of retina peeled away from the RPE and incubated.

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Vasopressin enhances the clearance of β-endorphin immunoreactivity from rat cerebrospinal fluid

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.1220191 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 122 (2) ◽

pp. 191-200 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

C. G. J. Sweep ◽

Margreet D. Boomkamp ◽

István Barna ◽

A. Willeke Logtenberg ◽

Victor M. Wiegant

Keyword(s):

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Receptor Antagonist ◽

Short Duration ◽

Lateral Ventricle ◽

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Terminal Phase ◽

Intracerebroventricular Injection ◽

Intracerebroventricular Administration ◽

Biphasic Pattern ◽

The Brain

Abstract The effect of intracerebroventricular (lateral ventricle) administration of arginine8-vasopressin (AVP) on the concentration of β-endorphin immunoreactivity in the cerebrospinal fluid obtained from the cisterna magna was studied in rats. A decrease was observed 5 min following injection of 0.9 fmol AVP. No statistically significant changes were found 5 min after intracerebroventricular treatment of rats with 0.09 or 9 fmol. The decrease induced by 0.9 fmol AVP was of short duration and was found 5 min after treatment but not 10 and 20 min. Desglycinamide9-AVP (0.97 fmol), [pGlu4, Cyt6]-AVP-(4–9) (1.44 fmol), Nα-acetyl-AVP (0.88 fmol), lysine8-vasopressin (0.94 fmol) and oxytocin (1 fmol) when intracerebroventricularly injected did not affect the levels of β-endorphin immunoreactivity in the cerebrospinal fluid 5 min later. This suggests that the intact AVP-(1–9) molecule is required for this effect. Intracerebroventricular pretreatment of rats with the vasopressin V1-receptor antagonist d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)AVP (8.63 fmol) completely blocked the effect of AVP (0.9 fmol). In order to investigate further the underlying mechanism, the effect of AVP on the disappearance from the cerebrospinal fluid of exogenously applied β-endorphin was determined. Following intracerebroventricular injection of 1.46 pmol camel β-endorphin-(1–31), the β-endorphin immunoreactivity levels in the cisternal cerebrospinal fluid increased rapidly, and reached peak values at 10 min. The disappearance of β-endorphin immunoreactivity from the cerebrospinal fluid then followed a biphasic pattern with calculated half-lifes of 28 and 131 min for the initial and the terminal phase, respectively. Treatment of rats with AVP (0.9 fmol; icv) during either phase (10, 30, 55 min following intracerebroventricular administration of 1.46 pmol β-endorphin-(1–31)) significantly enhanced the disappearance of β-endorphin immunoreactivity from the cerebrospinal fluid. The data suggest that vasopressin plays a role in the regulation of β-endorphin levels in the cerebrospinal fluid by modulating clearance mechanisms via V1-receptors in the brain.

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1054 Effect of exogenous β-hydroxybutyrate in the lateral ventricle on circulating serum metabolites and luteinizing hormone in castrated lambs

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.2527/jam2016-1054 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽

pp. 505-505

Author(s):

E. R. Cope ◽

B. H. Voy ◽

B. K. Whitlock ◽

J. D. Hobbs ◽

Z. D. Mcfarlane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Luteinizing Hormone ◽

Lateral Ventricle ◽

Serum Metabolites

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Additional Dermal Ossifications in the Anuran Skull: Morphological Novelties or Archaic Elements?

Russian Journal of Herpetology ◽

10.30906/1026-2296-1997-4-1-17-27 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 17-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sergei V. Smirnov

Keyword(s):

Common Ancestor ◽

The State ◽

Cranial Morphology ◽

Anterior Portion ◽

Bombina Orientalis ◽

Common Event ◽

Rostral Portion ◽

Morphological Novelties ◽

Dermal Bones

Examination of the cranial morphology in Bombina orientalis (Anura: Discoglossidae) revealed the occurrence of additional dermal bones lying: a) between the nasals and frontoparietals, b) between frontoparietals, and c) on the tectum synoticum behind the frontoparietals. The presence of similar bones as well as extra ossifications lying in the midline in the rostral portion of skull was shown to be a rather common event among anurans. Based on the occurrence of bones with similar topology in crossopterygians and different stegocephalians, it was concluded that extra ossifications sporadically appearing in anurans are more likely to be ancient cranial elements than neomorphs. Additional dermal bones found in the anterior portion of the anuran skull are homologous to the postrostrals of crossopterygians; extra ossifications lying between the frontoparietals correspond to the bones with similar topology sporadically appearing in crossopterygians and stegocephalians; and extra bones situated behind the frontoparietals are homologous to the lateral extrascapulars (postparietals of stegocephalians) and the median extrascapular of crossopterygians. These extra bones were proposed to be inherited from the presumed common ancestor of all Gnathostomes and retained in anurans in the state of latent capacities. The sporadic appearance of these bones in anurans results from the phenotypical realization of these latent capacities.

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A Case Report of Adult-Onset Alexander Disease with a Tumor-Like Lesion in the Lateral Ventricle

Case Reports in Neurology ◽

10.1159/000516256 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 355-360

Author(s):

Tongjia Cai ◽

Sisi Jing ◽

Ying Li ◽

Jianjun Wu

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Contrast Enhancement ◽

Medulla Oblongata ◽

Lateral Ventricle ◽

Brain Lesion ◽

Alexander Disease ◽

Adult Onset ◽

White Matter Abnormality ◽

Frontal White Matter ◽

Upper Cervical

Adult-onset Alexander disease (AOAD) is an autosomal dominant progressive astrogliopathy caused by pathogenic variants in glial fibrillary acidic protein (<i>GFAP</i>). Individuals with this disorder often present with a typical neuroradiologic pattern, including frontal white matter abnormality with contrast enhancement, atrophy and signal intensity changes of the medulla oblongata and upper cervical cord on MRI. Focal lesions are rarely seen in AOAD, which causes concern for primary malignancies. This study aimed to present the case of a 37-year-old male patient initially diagnosed with an astrocytoma in the lateral ventricle that was later identified as GFAP mutation-confirmed AOAD. <i>GFAP</i> sequencing revealed a heterogeneous missense mutation point c.236G>A. Hence, AOAD should be considered in patients with tumor-like lesion brain lesion in association with atrophy of medulla oblongata and upper cervical spinal cord, and frontal white matter abnormality with contrast enhancement.

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CYTOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF CHROMOSOME 3 IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER: THE HOMOEOTIC GENE COMPLEX IN POLYTENE CHROMOSOME INTERVAL 84A-B

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/94.1.115 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 94 (1) ◽

pp. 115-133 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Thomas C Kaufman ◽

Ricki Lewis ◽

Barbara Wakimoto

Keyword(s):

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Polytene Chromosome ◽

Cytogenetic Analysis ◽

Proximal Portion ◽

Chromosome 3 ◽

Gene Complex ◽

Anterior Portion ◽

Cytogenetic Evidence ◽

The Right

ABSTRACT Cytogenetic evidence is presented demonstrating that the 84A-B interval in the proximal portion of the right arm of chromosome 3 is the residence of a homoeotic gene complex similar to the bithorax locus. This complex, originally defined by the Antennapedia (A n t p) mutation, controls segmentation in the anterior portion of the organism. Different lesions within this complex homoeotically transform portions OI the prothorax, proboscis, antenna and eye and present clear analogies to similar lesions within the bithorax locus.

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Role of sympathetic nerves during developing cardiac hypertrophy in Grollman hypertensive rats

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.1987.253.4.h818 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 253 (4) ◽

pp. H818-H825

Author(s):

R. J. Tomanek ◽

D. W. Carlson ◽

P. J. Palmer ◽

R. K. Bhatnagar

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽

Renovascular Hypertension ◽

Volume Expansion ◽

Peripheral Resistance ◽

Sympathetic Nerves ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Lv Function ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

Anterior Portion ◽

Mitochondrial Volume

Peak left ventricular (LV) function, during rapid volume expansion, and cardiocyte structure were studied in rats with developing cardiac hypertrophy in response to Grollman hypertension (1 kidney, 1 figure 8) after chemical sympathectomy with 6-hydroxydopamine. This form of renovascular hypertension led to the same magnitude of hypertrophy in rats with or without sympathectomy. Indices of peak LV function, measured during acute volume expansion, tended to be normal or slightly higher in hypertensive rats than in controls. Sympathectomy in rats with hypertension significantly improved cardiac and stroke indices while decreasing total peripheral resistance at peak cardiac output. Despite similar magnitudes of LV hypertrophy (LVH) in the two hypertensive groups, cardiocytes in sympathectomized rats had higher mitochondrial volume densities and slightly lower myofibrillar volume densities. After regional sympathectomy of the anterior portion of the LV with phenol, mitochondrial volume density increased by 21% in hypertensive rats with LVH. These data indicate that, during the development of LVH in response to renovascular hypertension, sympathetic nerves do not contribute to the magnitude of LVH but may limit improvement in peak LV performance in response to increased preload. However, sympathetic nerves do play a role in the regulation of mitochondrial and myofibril growth.

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Neuroendoscopic fenestration of glioependymal cysts to the ventricle: report of 3 cases

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/2018.7.jns172501 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 131 (5) ◽

pp. 1615-1619

Author(s):

Anthony M. Alvarado ◽

Kyle A. Smith ◽

Roukoz B. Chamoun

Keyword(s):

Minimally Invasive ◽

Lateral Ventricle ◽

Mass Effect ◽

Ventricular System ◽

Open Resection ◽

Presenting Symptoms ◽

Glioependymal Cyst ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Surgical Treatments ◽

Endoscopic Fenestration

Glioependymal cysts are rare congenital lesions of the central nervous system. Reported surgical treatments of these lesions have varied and yielded mixed results, and the optimal surgical strategy is still controversial. The authors here report the clinical and surgical outcomes for three adult patients successfully treated with neuroendoscopic fenestration into the ventricular system. The patients had presented with symptomatic glioependymal cysts in the period from 2013 to 2016 at the authors’ institution. All underwent minimally invasive neuroendoscopic fenestration of the glioependymal cyst into the lateral ventricle via a stereotactically guided burr hole. Presenting clinical and radiological findings, operative courses, and postintervention outcomes were evaluated.All three patients initially presented with symptoms related to regional mass effect of the underlying glioependymal cyst, including headaches, visual disturbances, and hemiparesis. All patients were successfully treated with endoscopic fenestration of the cyst wall into the lateral ventricle, where the wall was thinnest. Postoperatively, all patients reported improvement in their presenting symptoms, and neuroimaging demonstrated decompression of the cyst. Clinical follow-up ranged from 4 months to 5 years without evidence of reexpansion of the cyst or shunt requirement.Compared to open resection and shunting of the cyst contents, minimally invasive endoscopic fenestration of a glioependymal cyst into the ventricular system is a safe and effective surgical option. This approach is practical, is less invasive than open resection, and appears to provide a long-term solution.

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