Motion Pictures of the Royal Family

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-216
Author(s):  
Julia Heinemann
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Royal Family ◽  
Wars Of Religion ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Royal Authority ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Modern France ◽  
Kinship Relations ◽  
Catherine De Medici

Abstract This article explores the role of letter writing in the political practice of the French royal family. By focusing on the use of letters exchanged by Henri III, François d'Anjou, and Catherine de’ Medici between 1574 and 1584, it analyzes how both kinship relations and notions of royal authority were negotiated and intertwined by letter. In a dynamic communication process, the correspondents discussed and framed familial relationships and political concepts. The letters were read, seen, and heard by a broader audience at court, thus transcending modern categories such as public and private, formal and informal, or intimate and official. The article argues that the correspondence produced specific, sometimes opposing pictures of the royal family that were supposed to be visible. This use of letters shaped social relations and political processes during the Wars of Religion in early modern France. Cet article traite du rôle de la correspondance dans les pratiques politiques de la famille royale française. En me concentrant sur l'usage des lettres par Henri III, François d'Anjou et leur mère Catherine de Médicis dans les années 1574–84, j'analyse comment les correspondants négocient ensemble les relations de parenté et les concepts politiques. La discussion et la modélisation de cette conception familiale de l'autorité royale par les lettres sont partie prenante d'un processus de communication dynamique. La fonction de ces lettres est d’être lues, vues et entendues à la cour. Ce faisant, cette communication outrepasse les divisions « modernes » entre le privé et le public, le formel et l'informel ou encore l'intime et l'officiel. Cet usage de l’écrit est spécifique aux relations sociales et aux processus politiques pendant les guerres de Religion à l’époque moderne.

A FRENCH ARMADA? THE AZORES CAMPAIGNS, 1580–1583

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALAN JAMES
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Great Distance ◽  
Considerable Extent ◽  
French History ◽  
Wars Of Religion ◽  
Royal Authority ◽  
International History ◽  
Catherine De Medici ◽  
Queen Mother

ABSTRACTThe Spanish Armada and the battle of Lepanto loom large in a remarkable period of international history shaped to a considerable extent by the deployment of sea power. Yet between 1581 and 1583, France also conducted a large-scale naval operation at great distance. A series of expeditions to the Azores reached a climax with the defeat in battle of a French fleet of sixty ships off the island of São Miguel in July 1582. Acting under the authority of Catherine de Medici and in the name of her rival legal claim to the Portuguese throne, the commander Philippe Strozzi had not only led the most ambitious oceanic operation in French history up to that date and a bid to extend France's overseas empire but a serious challenge to Philip II's union of the Iberian crowns. Yet this was more than just a puzzling anomaly in France's foreign policy. It was also an act of royal authority and the pursuit of reputation and status by the queen mother that was entirely consistent with the domestic priorities of the crown in the context of the Wars of Religion.

scholarly journals Contractual arrangements and entrepreneurial governance: Flexibility and leeway in urban regeneration projects

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (16) ◽  
pp. 3217-3235
Author(s):  
Martijn van den Hurk ◽  
Tuna Tasan-Kok
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Contractual Arrangements ◽  
Public And Private Sector

Urban regeneration projects involve complex contractual deals between public- and private-sector actors. Critics contend that contracts hamper opportunities for flexibility and change in these projects due to strict provisions that are incorporated in legal agreements. This article offers contrary empirical insights based on a study of contractual arrangements for urban regeneration projects in the Netherlands, including an analysis of interviews and confidential documents. It zooms in on provisions on safeguarding and adaptation, finding that urban regeneration projects remain receptive to flexibility and change. Public-sector actors use their room to manoeuvre while operating contracts, seeking to secure social relations and keep projects going. This article taps into data sources that are difficult to access, addressing what is included in contracts and how they are used by practitioners, and presents questions for future research on contracts in the urban built environment.

A bequest to Christine of Lorraine from Catherine de’ Medici

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerrie-rue Michahelles
Keyword(s):  
Royal Family ◽  
Online Appendix ◽  
Catherine De Medici ◽  
Queen Mother

Abstract The French royal family was living in exile at Blois when the Queen Mother of France, Catherine de’ Medici (b. 1519), dictated her will on the morning of her death, on 5 January 1589. She bequeathed to her granddaughter, Christine of Lorraine (1565–1637), one half of her movable possessions. This paper explores the nature and meanings embedded in the testamentary bequest and the corresponding inventory of the movable goods acquired by Christine through this gift and eventually brought to Florence on the occasion of her marriage in 1589 to Ferdinando de’ Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1549–1609). A translation of the inventory is provided in an online appendix.

scholarly journals Structure, meanings and functions make from colors of personal nouns in ede in Vietnam

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Minh Hoat ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thanh Huyen
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Word Class ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Proper Nouns ◽  
Kinship Relations ◽  
Cultural Expressions ◽  
General Meaning ◽  
Large Groups

In linguistics, when studying nouns, specialists often divide them into two large groups, common nouns, and proper nouns. Based on general meaning, common nouns are divided into smaller groups, such as nouns with generalizing meaning, nouns without generalizing meaning. Nouns with generalizing meaning can be divided: nouns of units, nouns of people, nouns of objects, etc. Nouns for people include nouns denoting kinship relations, social relations. These are general nouns of people. They take up a sizeable amount and are an important word class of nouns. Nouns of people indicate not only people but also expressive nuances, cultural expressions of individuals or communities. The article clarifies the characteristics of structures, semantics, and functions as Ede vocative addressing words in Vietnam, thereby explaining the Ede people's cultural characteristics through nouns of people.

scholarly journals Gridlocked in the city: kinship and witchcraft among Wayao street vendors in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Africa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (S1) ◽  
pp. S51-S71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Malefakis
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Urban Economy ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
The Other ◽  
Heterogeneous Environment ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Kinship Relations ◽  
The One ◽  
The City

AbstractFor a group of Wayao street vendors in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, kinship relations were simultaneously an advantage and a hindrance. Their migration to the city and entry into the urban economy had occurred along ethnic and kinship lines. But, as they perceived the socially heterogeneous environment of the city that potentially offered them opportunities to cooperate with people from different social or ethnic backgrounds, they experienced their continuing dependency on their relatives as a form of confinement. Against the backdrop of the city, the Wayao perceived their social relations as being burdened with an inescapable sameness that made it impossible to trust one another. Mistrust, contempt and mutual suspicion were the flip side of close social relations and culminated in accusations ofuchawi(Swahili: witchcraft). However, these accusations did not have a disintegrative effect; paradoxically, their impact on social relations among the vendors was integrative. On the one hand,uchawiallegations expressed the claustrophobic feeling of stifling relations; on the other, they compelled the accused to adhere to a shared morality of egalitarian relations and exposed the feeling that the accused individual was worthy of scrutiny, indicating that relationships with him were of particular importance to others.

Italy in the Modern World

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Reeder
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Liberal State ◽  
Italian History ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Cultural Transformations ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Cold War

Providing a comprehensive history of Italy from around 1800 to the present, Italy in the Modern World traces the social and cultural transformations that defined the lives of Italians during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The book focuses on how social relations (class, gender and race), science and the arts shaped the political processes of unification, state building, fascism and the postwar world. Split up into four parts covering the making of Italy, the liberal state, war and fascism, and the republic, the text draws on secondary literature and primary sources in order to synthesize current historiographical debates and provide primary documents for classroom use. There are individual chapters on key topics, such as unification, Italians in the world, Italy in the world, science and the arts, fascism, the World Wars, the Cold War, and Italy in the twenty-first century, as well as a wealth of useful features for students, including: * Comprehensive bibliographic essays covering each of the four parts. * 23 images and 12 maps Italy in the Modern World also firmly places both the nation and its people in a wider global context through a distinctly transnational approach. It is essential reading for all students of modern Italian history.

Conclusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 243-246
Author(s):  
Marie Seong-Hak Kim
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Legal History ◽  
Legal Tradition ◽  
Early Modern France ◽  
Royal Authority ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Legal Reforms ◽  
Modern France ◽  
Legislative Agenda ◽  
Judicial Economy

Legal reforms in early modern France marked a confluence of the crown’s judicial and legislative agenda, aimed at achieving what can be called in modern times judicial economy. They attested to the old-fashioned idea that the law, reinforced by royal authority, afforded better protection for the less-than-mighty subjects. Success in making the kingdom’s laws more systematic and equitable vindicates an important aspect of the meaning that historians and theorists have attached to the idea of a monarchie absolue. Early modern legal history has shown that a robust expression of sovereignty was intrinsically tied with the control of the sources of law. The historical forces behind the French law, long in the making, shed critical light on European legal tradition and jus commune.

Yelling ‘Fire’ in a Crowded Occupation: Cynical Fire Hazard Claims and the Technocratic Containment of Dissent

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-573
Author(s):  
Honor Brabazon
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Private Law ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Uk

While the privatisation of public space has been the subject of considerable research, literature exploring the shifting boundaries between public and private law, and the role of those shifts in the expansion of neo-liberal social relations, has been slower to develop. This article explores the use of fire safety regulations to evict political occupations in the context of these shifts. Two examples from the UK student occupation movement and two from the US Occupy movement demonstrate how discourses and logics of both private and public law are mobilised through fire hazard claims to create the potent image of a neutral containment of dissent on technical grounds in the public interest – an image that proves difficult to contest. However, the recourse to the public interest and to expert opinion that underpins fire hazard claims is inconsistent with principles governing the limited neo-liberal political sphere, which underscores the pragmatic and continually negotiated implementation of neo-liberal ideas. The article sheds light on the complexity of the extending reach of private law, on the resilience of the public sphere and on the significance of occupations as a battleground on which struggles over neo-liberal social relations and subjectivities play out.

The Reformation and Wars of Religion in France

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara B. Diefendorf
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Wars Of Religion ◽  
Religious Wars ◽  
The Right ◽  
King Henry Ii ◽  
Catherine De Medici ◽  
Religious Nature ◽  
The Impact

The 16th century began in France as a time of relative peace, prosperity, and optimism, but horizons soon darkened under the clouds of religious schism, heresy persecutions, and civil war. French theologians condemned Martin Luther’s ideas as early as 1521, but his views continued to spread underground. The movement remained small and clandestine until the 1550s, when the penetration of John Calvin’s ideas from nearby Geneva resulted in the formation of Reformed churches, whose growing membership demanded the right to worship openly. The accidental death of King Henry II in 1559 left France with a religiously divided court and a series of young, inexperienced kings. Henry’s widow, Catherine de Medici, attempted a policy of compromise that backfired. Militancy increased on both sides of the religious divide, and civil war broke out in 1562. Neither side could secure a decisive win on the battlefield, and neither was satisfied with the compromise peace that ended the war. Indeed, war broke out seven more times before a more lasting peace was secured by the first Bourbon king, Henry IV, with the Edict of Nantes in 1598. The edict set the terms for religious coexistence, allowing French Protestants limited rights to worship and certain protections under the law. It also fostered the spread of a movement already underway for the renewal of Catholic spirituality and reform of Catholic church institutions in France. Until the 1970s, the civil and religious wars that afflicted France through the second half of the 16th century were viewed largely as the consequence of political rivalries that spun out of control following the death of King Henry II. More recently, historians have shifted their attention to the social and cultural contexts in which the wars took place, particularly to the fundamentally religious nature of the quarrels. This has led to a profusion of new scholarship on the impact of the Protestant and Catholic Reformations in France, the tensions—and ultimately the violence—generated by competing claims to religious truth, and the difficulty of resolving the quarrels or putting an end to the wars that resulted from them.

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