scholarly journals Revisiting Horizontal Stratification in Higher Education: College Prestige Hierarchy and Educational Assortative Mating in China

Demography ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Acton Jiashi Feng
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Assortative Mating ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Chinese Family ◽  
Educational Assortative Mating ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Multiplicative Models

Abstract Existing research on assortative mating has examined marriage between people with different levels of education, yet heterogeneity in educational assortative mating outcomes of college graduates has been mostly ignored. Using data from the 2010 Chinese Family Panel Study and log-multiplicative models, this study examines the changing structure and association of husbands' and wives' educational attainment between 1980 and 2010, a period in which Chinese higher education experienced rapid expansion and stratification. Results show that the graduates of first-tier institutions are less likely than graduates of lower-ranked colleges to marry someone without a college degree. Moreover, from 1980 to 2010, female first-tier-college graduates were increasingly more likely to marry people who graduated from similarly prestigious colleges, although there is insufficient evidence to draw the same conclusion about their male counterparts. This study thus demonstrates the extent of heterogeneity in educational assortative mating patterns among college graduates and the tendency for elite college graduates to marry within the educational elite.

scholarly journals Explaining Declining Trends in Educational Homogamy: The Role of Institutional Changes in Higher Education in Japan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiya Uchikoshi
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Assortative Mating ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Educational Homogamy ◽  
Institutional Selectivity ◽  
Educational Assortative Mating ◽  
Multiplicative Models

Research on educational assortative mating has devoted much attention to educational expansion but has been less focused on a concurrent trend of importance – growing differentiation among higher education institutions. This study proposes that the bifurcation between high- and low-tier institutions in the context of high participation in tertiary education may help us understand the mixed evidence on educational homogamy trends across countries. I focus on Japan, which is characterized by a clear and widely acknowledged hierarchy of institutional selectivity, as an interesting case study. By applying log-linear and log-multiplicative models to data from the Japanese Panel Survey of Consumers and the Keio Household Panel Study, I find the following results. First, the odds of homogamy are higher among graduates of selective (national/public) universities than among graduates of nonselective (private) universities. Second, homogamy trends among graduates of selective and nonselective universities have diverged in recent years. I discuss these diverging trends, which have been obscured in earlier studies, provide new insights into the role of educational assortative mating in the creation of stratification and inequality.

RIGID LOW COLLEGE PREMIUMS AND THE EXPANSION OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN TAIWAN

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (04) ◽  
pp. 1550022 ◽  
Author(s):  
LI-HSUAN HUANG ◽  
HSIN-YI HUANG
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
High School ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
High School Graduates ◽  
Cohort Effect ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Elasticity Of Substitution ◽  
Export Structure ◽  
Expansion Of Higher Education

The rapid expansion of higher education in the late 1980s in Taiwan has resulted in a swift increase in the supply of highly-educated workers in the labor market. This research differs from past studies in that it analyzes the effect of the rapid expansion in higher education in Taiwan with emphasis on the cohort effect, specifically examining the effect of changes both in intra-cohort relative supply and the aggregate relative supply on college returns. Besides, when estimating the aggregate relative supply of college graduates, this study takes into account the substitutability between younger and older educated workers. We present evidence that the expansion policy has significantly depressed college premiums for workers of all ages, but the adverse effect is particularly concentrated among the younger cohorts. Furthermore, we found the elasticity of substitution between college and high school graduates to be 3–4 times higher than in developed countries. We also found the important role played by the demand side, likely linked to technological progress and changes in export structure toward the more technologically intensive. As a consequence, the expansion of higher education and increase in the relative demand for higher-educated workers, along with high elasticity of substitution between college and high school graduates, led to the rigid low college premiums.

scholarly journals Chinese Parent-Child Relationships in Later Life in the Context of Social Inequalities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Emery ◽  
Pearl Dykstra ◽  
Maja Djundeva
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Chinese Family ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Emotional Strain ◽  
Parent Child Relationships ◽  
Parent Child

This paper examines how parent-child relationships vary against the backdrop of socio-economic inequalities evident in China. China is both an increasingly unequal and rapidly ageing country. Understanding how the relationships that Older Chinese have with their children are associated with social inequalities, is therefore of paramount importance. We do this by examining the effect of socio-economic indicators of the parent and child on their relationship in a multilevel, multinomial logit model of parent-child dyads using data from the Chinese Family Panel Study. First, the relationships we observe are not unidimensional and display complex patterns which deviate heavily from a ‘strong versus weak’ description of family ties. The results do not support a family displacement perspective of parent-child relationships but instead suggest that educational and financial resources facilitate support that is associated with greater emotional closeness and negates the need for support which places an emotional strain on the parent-child relationship.

scholarly journals Crossing Boundaries: "Some College" and the Role of Schools in Educational Assortative Mating

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
David McClendon
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Assortative Mating ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Marriage Market ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Partner Choice ◽  
Bachelor's Degrees ◽  
Educational Assortative Mating ◽  
Using Data

As more Americans delay marriage and meet romantic partners online, schoolsmay be becoming less important for educational assortative mating. However,although fewer people meet their spouse as students, social ties formedduring college may continue to shape partner choice later in adulthood.Here I focus on young adults with “some college, no degree” to see what, ifany, marriage-market benefit is gained from exposure to highly-educatedsocial networks in college. Using data from NLSY-1997, including newlycollected postsecondary transcripts, I find young adults with “somecollege” are more likely than their less educated peers to marry a collegegraduate, especially if they attended a 4-year school. But young adultswith bachelor’s degrees still hold an advantage, even after controlling forduration of schooling. The results support the role of schools in shapingopportunities to meet partners but highlight the value of a college degreeon the marriage market.

scholarly journals Educational Assortative Mating and Income Dynamics in Couples: A Longitudinal Dyadic Perspective

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Qian
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Assortative Mating ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
Marriage And Family ◽  
Spousal Influence ◽  
Educational Assortative Mating ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Gender Change

The gender-gap reversal in education could have far-reaching consequences for marriage and family lives. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 and longitudinal multilevel dyad models, this study investigated how educational assortative mating shaped income dynamics in couples over the marital life course. Based on educational assortative mating, couples were grouped into three categories—educational hypergamy (wives less educated than their husbands), homogamy, and hypogamy (wives more educated than their husbands). Results showed that change in husbands’ income with marital duration was similar across couples, whereas change in wives’ income varied by educational assortative mating such that wives in educational hypogamy exhibited more positive change in income over the marital life course. The findings underscored the asymmetric nature of spousal influence and gender change in heterosexual marriages.

Mortgage Usage and Mortgage Payments as Share of Income in China: Comparing Residential Homeowners and Housing Investors

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Chen ◽  
Xiaoling Pu ◽  
Danni Chen
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
Income Effect ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Government Employees ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Monthly Expenditure ◽  
Using Data

The study investigates factors associated with mortgage usage and the share of income that Chinese use for mortgage payments. Using data from the 2010 China Family Panel Study, we found mortgage usage shows a hump-shaped income effect. Workers in government-controlled nonprofit institutions are more likely to use a mortgage to purchase a house because banks treat them favorably. Notably, government employees borrow less to purchase a residence because they have advantages by way of subsidies. Individuals who have attained higher education are more likely to use a mortgage and have a larger share of their monthly income devoted to mortgage payments. For housing investors, risk tolerance is positively associated with mortgage use but not with the share of mortgage payments in the household’s monthly expenditure.

scholarly journals Chinese parent-child relationships in later life in the context of social inequalities

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-2019) ◽  
pp. 105-124
Author(s):  
Thomas Emery ◽  
Pearl Dykstra ◽  
Maja Djundeva
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Chinese Family ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Emotional Strain ◽  
Parent Child Relationships ◽  
Parent Child

This paper examines how parent-child relationships vary against the backdrop of socio-economic inequalities evident in China. China is both an increasingly unequal and rapidly ageing country. Understanding how the relationships that older Chinese have with their children are associated with social inequalities is therefore of paramount importance. We do this by examining the effect of socio-economic indicators of the parent and child on their relationship in a multilevel, multinomial logit model of parentchild dyads using data from the Chinese Family Panel Study. First, the relationships we observe are not unidimensional and display complex patterns which deviate heavily from a ‘strong versus weak’ description of family ties. The results do not support a family displacement perspective of parent-child relationships but instead suggest that educational and financial resources facilitate support that is associated with greater emotional closeness and negates the need for support which places an emotional strain on the parent-child relationship.

Migration and the Internet

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas John Cooke ◽  
Ian Shuttleworth
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Dynamics Models

It is widely presumed that information and communication technologies, or ICTs, enable migration in several ways; primarily by reducing the costs of migration. However, a reconsideration of the relationship between ICTs and migration suggests that ICTs may just as well hinder migration; primarily by reducing the costs of not moving.  Using data from the US Panel Study of Income Dynamics, models that control for sources of observed and unobserved heterogeneity indicate a strong negative effect of ICT use on inter-state migration within the United States. These results help to explain the long-term decline in internal migration within the United States.

Recognizing Job Apathy Patterns of Iraqi Higher Education Employees Using Data Mining Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa S. Abd ◽  
Suhad Faisal Behadili
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Data Mining ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Human Life ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Attribute Selection ◽  
Specific Class ◽  
Data Mining Techniques ◽  
Using Data

Psychological research centers help indirectly contact professionals from the fields of human life, job environment, family life, and psychological infrastructure for psychiatric patients. This research aims to detect job apathy patterns from the behavior of employee groups in the University of Baghdad and the Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. This investigation presents an approach using data mining techniques to acquire new knowledge and differs from statistical studies in terms of supporting the researchers’ evolving needs. These techniques manipulate redundant or irrelevant attributes to discover interesting patterns. The principal issue identifies several important and affective questions taken from a questionnaire, and the psychiatric researchers recommend these questions. Useless questions are pruned using the attribute selection method. Moreover, pieces of information gained through these questions are measured according to a specific class and ranked accordingly. Association and a priori algorithms are used to detect the most influential and interrelated questions in the questionnaire. Consequently, the decisive parameters that may lead to job apathy are determined.

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