Making Maya Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Pete Sigal
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
Yucatec Maya ◽  
Hollywood Film ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Film Producer ◽  
Maya People

The Franciscan friar Diego de Landa, in the mid-sixteenth century, and the Holly-wood film producer and director Mel Gibson, in the early twenty-first century, created Maya men as beings with perverted and penetrated bodies. In 1566 Landa wrote his Relación de las cosas de Yucatán, an extensive text about the Maya people. In 2006 Gibson released Apocalypto, a Hollywood film in which all dialogue was in Yucatec Maya. Landa and Gibson both argued that they showed the true Maya world, but each expressed a visceral reaction to Maya sacrifice and, in so doing, infested their own fantasies with nightmares of savage Maya men. This essay argues that by analyzing the voyeurism and fantasies of Landa and Gibson, we can come to terms with the position of Maya masculinity in modern Western imaginations. Moreover, by working to understand Landa’s and Gibson’s investments in perverse Maya men, we can think about why Western people formulate fantasies of colonized subjects. Finally, these fantasies of non-Western subjectivities can speak to the stakes involved in queer theory’s understanding of the social sphere, the heterosexual family, and the child as a sign of the future.

scholarly journals Love in the time of Covid-19: a case-study of the complex laws governing weddings

Legal Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Rebecca Probert ◽  
Stephanie Pywell
Keyword(s):  
First Century ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
General Law ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Fit For Purpose ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Impact

Abstract During 2020, weddings were profoundly affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. During periods of lockdown few weddings could take place, and even afterwards restrictions on how they could be celebrated remained. To investigate the impact of such restrictions, we carried out a survey of those whose plans to marry in England and Wales had been affected by Covid-19. The 1,449 responses we received illustrated that the ease and speed with which couples had been able to marry, and sometimes whether they had been able to marry at all, had depended not merely on the national restrictions in place but on their chosen route into marriage. This highlights the complexity and antiquity of marriage law and reinforces the need for reform. The restrictions on weddings taking place also revealed the extent to which couples valued getting married as opposed to having a wedding. Understanding both the social and the legal dimension of weddings is important in informing recommendations as to how the law should be changed in the future, not merely to deal with similar crises but also to ensure that the general law is fit for purpose in the twenty-first century.

scholarly journals The Limits and Possibilities of Sino-New Zealand Defence Relations: A New Zealand Perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Julian Lee
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
First Century ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Western Power ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
The Future ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
First Time

<p>Western power has been sustained in the Asia-Pacific region by United States military might ever since the defeat of Japan. For the first time since then, China, a non-Western power, poses a challenge to that dominance, with the result that “neither Australia nor New Zealand has ever seriously considered how we would defend our interests and secure our countries in a region which was not dominated by our great and powerful Anglo-Saxon friends.”1 China is the new variable in the Asia-Pacific equation, and New Zealand is now required to factor this new element into its strategic calculations for the future. China’s ascendancy in the Asia-Pacific region will have a huge impact on New Zealand’s future strategic outlook. The purpose of this essay will be to design, as simply as possible, a way to structure thoughts and discussion about the defence relationship between New Zealand and China, from a New Zealand perspective. It will aim to establish a basic framework centred around a number of themes in order to provide a platform for analysis in the future. It will be a brief examination of how these two nations talk with each other at the defence level in the early twenty-first century.</p>

The Future of Epic in Cinema

2018 ◽  
pp. 119-132
Author(s):  
Pantelis Michelakis
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Biological Evolution ◽  
First Century ◽  
Genre Criticism ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
The Future ◽  
Twenty First Century

This chapter explores the ways in which the generic label of ‘epic’ might be deemed relevant for Ridley Scott’s film Prometheus (2012), and more broadly for the ways in which a discussion about the meanings of epic in early twenty-first-century cinema might be undertaken outside the genre of ‘historical epic’. It argues for the need to explore how ‘epic science fiction’ operates in Scott’s Prometheus in ways that both relate and transcend common definitions of the term ‘epic’ in contemporary popular culture. It also focuses on the unorthodox models of biological evolution of the film’s narrative, suggesting ways in which they can help with genre criticism. When it comes to cinematic intertextuality, a discussion about generic taxonomies and transformations cannot be conducted at the beginning of the twenty-first century without reflecting on the tropes that cinema animates and the fears it enacts at the heart of our genetic imaginary.

scholarly journals Introduction: Assessing the Effects of Conditional Cash Transfers in Latin American Societies in the Early Twenty-First Century

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-420
Author(s):  
Theodoros Papadopoulos ◽  
Ricardo Velázquez Leyer
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
First Century ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
The Social

Latin America has emerged as a social policy ‘laboratory’ in recent decades and most prominent among the social policy innovations developed in the region are the so-called Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programmes (Cecchini et al., 2015; Borges Sugiyama, 2011; Martínez Franzoni et al., 2009). They have been widely promoted by international organisations across the world as policy instruments that enhance human capital and the agency of participants while reducing poverty and inequality and promoting co-responsibility and self-help in the long-term (see Sandberg, 2015; Bastagli, 2009; Lomelí, 2008, 2009).

scholarly journals Remediating the remediated : printed prose in the age of hypertext

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 71-83
Author(s):  
Mojca Krevel
Keyword(s):  
American Fiction ◽  
Internet Radio ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Insight Into

The article argues that with the spreading of computer hypertext into the social sphere, hypertext is no longer merely a writing technique or an organising principle; it becomes the logic implicit in the functioning of postmodern  societies.lts actualisation can be performed via any medium-TV, internet, radio or print. Based on instances from 1990s and early 2000s printed American fiction, the paper examines the ways in which print already is hypertextual, and attempts to provide an insight into the future of printed literature in an era no longer governed by the Modem Age principles and paradigms.

scholarly journals Historical complexity of myth: in search of the genesis of the whip-dance whereby Wayana dance in imitation of Tamok (Eastern Guiana Highlands)

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 741-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renzo Duin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
First Century ◽  
Evil Spirit ◽  
Ritual Performance ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
The Social ◽  
First Contact ◽  
Insight Into

This article discusses the conditions of the genesis of the nineteenth century Wayana whip-dance, aiming for what Terence Turner coined "ethno-ethnohistory", through the method of Neil Whitehead's "ethnography of historical consciousness". This study outlines an indigenous historical consciousness of the social present in Guiana as related to events from the past, by means of the entanglement of things, places, and people related to this whip-dance ritual. The article discusses the Eastern Guiana whip-dance as a social field of interaction in three regions and three time periods: (1) the Upper Maroni Basin (French Guiana and Suriname) in the early twenty-first century; (2) the Franco-Brazilian Contested area (today's Brazilian Amapá) in the nineteenth century; and (3) a posited origin of this 'mythstory' at the Lower Amazon in the sixteenth century. Rather than conducting a study of a 'lost tradition', these three case-studies will provide insight into the process of how Wayana indigenous people have managed their histories of first contact in Guiana through ritual performance and the materialization of the evil spirit Tamok.

scholarly journals The Limits and Possibilities of Sino-New Zealand Defence Relations: A New Zealand Perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Julian Lee
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
First Century ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Western Power ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
The Future ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
First Time

<p>Western power has been sustained in the Asia-Pacific region by United States military might ever since the defeat of Japan. For the first time since then, China, a non-Western power, poses a challenge to that dominance, with the result that “neither Australia nor New Zealand has ever seriously considered how we would defend our interests and secure our countries in a region which was not dominated by our great and powerful Anglo-Saxon friends.”1 China is the new variable in the Asia-Pacific equation, and New Zealand is now required to factor this new element into its strategic calculations for the future. China’s ascendancy in the Asia-Pacific region will have a huge impact on New Zealand’s future strategic outlook. The purpose of this essay will be to design, as simply as possible, a way to structure thoughts and discussion about the defence relationship between New Zealand and China, from a New Zealand perspective. It will aim to establish a basic framework centred around a number of themes in order to provide a platform for analysis in the future. It will be a brief examination of how these two nations talk with each other at the defence level in the early twenty-first century.</p>

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Topher L. McDougal
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
First Century ◽  
Economic Governance ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Rebel Groups ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
The Social ◽  
Governance Institutions

This chapter serves as an accessible introduction to the issue, divided into five subsections. Section 1.1 describes the principal puzzle driving the research: why do some rural-based rebel groups prey on urban areas, while others do not? Section 1.2 summarizes the thesis: namely, that the structure of the transportation network and the social structure of the trade network jointly inform the outcome. Section 1.3 argues for the importance of this study, contending that understanding the rural–urban relationship will bolster our understanding of economic governance more generally—and the nature of disruptions currently upsetting the scalar consolidation of governance institutions in the early twenty-first century. Section 1.4 discusses the gap in scholarly literature this study fills. Section 1.5 describes the structure of the remaining chapters.

Dementia, Selves, and Stories

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars-Christer Hydén
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Physical World ◽  
First Century ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Self And Identity ◽  
Over Time

This chapter provides information on the social and cultural background of dementia from the early twentieth century into the early twenty-first century. The chapter presents an overview of the discussions about dementia, self, and identity, with a particular emphasis on research on narrative and dementia. The ideas around identity in dementia, from Kitwood to Sabat and Kontos, are discussed, together with research on storytelling in dementia. A general conclusion from this chapter is that although persons with dementia over time will become increasingly challenged as storytellers, they are still active meaning-makers. They are obviously still engaged in the never-ending activity of making sense of their social as well as physical world—events in the world, as well as what people are saying and doing. Telling stories is central to this endeavor, which entails “world-making” as well as “self-making” through constructing, presenting, and negotiating a sense of self and identity.

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