Tail formation as a continuation of gastrulation: the multiple cell populations of the Xenopus tailbud derive from the late blastopore lip

Three lines of evidence suggest that tail formation in Xenopus is a direct continuation of events initiated during gastrulation. First, the expression of two gene markers, Xbra and Xnot2, can be followed from the blastopore lip into distinct cell populations of the developing tailbud. Second, the tip of the tail retains Spemann's tail organizer activity until late stages of development. Third, lineage studies with the tracer DiI indicate that the cells of the late blastopore are fated to form specific tissues of the tailbud, and that intercalation of dorsal cells continues during tail elongation. In particular, the fate map shows that the tip of the tail is a direct descendant of the late dorsal blastopore lip. Thus, the tailbud is not an undifferentiated blastema as previously thought, but rather consists of distinct cell populations which arise during gastrulation.

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Evidence for distinct lymphocytic and monocytic populations in a patient with terminal transferase--positive acute leukemia

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v51.6.1051.1051 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 51 (6) ◽

pp. 1051-1056 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

R Mertelsmann ◽

B Koziner ◽

R Ralph ◽

D Filippa ◽

S McKenzie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Acute Leukemia ◽

Clinical Course ◽

Initial Therapy ◽

Cell Populations ◽

Cell Marker ◽

Terminal Transferase ◽

Distinct Cell ◽

Multiple Cell ◽

Marker Studies

Abstract Two distinct cell populations with lymphoblastic and monocytic characteristics were separated and characterized by multiple cell markers in a patient with terminal transferase-positive acute acute leukemia. The clinical course and sequential cell marker studies were consistent with the interpretation of a defect at the level of a common stem cell giving rise to a terminal transferase--positive lymphoblastic cell population at diagnosis and, following initial therapy, a terminal transferase--negative monocytic population.

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Evidence for distinct lymphocytic and monocytic populations in a patient with terminal transferase--positive acute leukemia

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v51.6.1051.bloodjournal5161051 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 51 (6) ◽

pp. 1051-1056

Author(s):

R Mertelsmann ◽

B Koziner ◽

R Ralph ◽

D Filippa ◽

S McKenzie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Acute Leukemia ◽

Clinical Course ◽

Initial Therapy ◽

Cell Populations ◽

Cell Marker ◽

Terminal Transferase ◽

Distinct Cell ◽

Multiple Cell ◽

Marker Studies

Two distinct cell populations with lymphoblastic and monocytic characteristics were separated and characterized by multiple cell markers in a patient with terminal transferase-positive acute acute leukemia. The clinical course and sequential cell marker studies were consistent with the interpretation of a defect at the level of a common stem cell giving rise to a terminal transferase--positive lymphoblastic cell population at diagnosis and, following initial therapy, a terminal transferase--negative monocytic population.

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An automated centrifugal microfluidic assay for whole blood fractionation and isolation of multiple cell populations using an aqueous two-phase system

Lab on a Chip ◽

10.1039/d1lc00680k ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Byeong-Ui Moon ◽

Liviu Clime ◽

Daniel Brassard ◽

Alex Boutin ◽

Jamal Daoud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Blood ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Cell Populations ◽

Phase System ◽

Two Phase ◽

Microfluidic Platform ◽

Aqueous Two Phase System ◽

Separation Layers ◽

Multiple Cell ◽

On Chip

This paper describes an advanced on-chip whole human blood fractionation and cell isolation process combining an aqueous two-phase system to create complex separation layers with a centrifugal microfluidic platform to control and automate the assay.

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Gamma Interferon Mediates Experimental Cerebral Malaria by Signaling within Both the Hematopoietic and Nonhematopoietic Compartments

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.01035-16 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 85 (11) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ana Villegas-Mendez ◽

Patrick Strangward ◽

Tovah N. Shaw ◽

Ivana Rajkovic ◽

Vinko Tosevski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Cerebral Malaria ◽

Myeloid Cell ◽

Gamma Interferon ◽

Cell Populations ◽

Experimental Cerebral Malaria ◽

Cerebral Pathology ◽

Multiple Cell ◽

Ifn Γ

ABSTRACT Experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) is a gamma interferon (IFN-γ)-dependent syndrome. However, whether IFN-γ promotes ECM through direct and synergistic targeting of multiple cell populations or by acting primarily on a specific responsive cell type is currently unknown. Here, using a panel of cell- and compartment-specific IFN-γ receptor 2 (IFN-γR2)-deficient mice, we show that IFN-γ causes ECM by signaling within both the hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic compartments. Mechanistically, hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic compartment-specific IFN-γR signaling exerts additive effects in orchestrating intracerebral inflammation, leading to the development of ECM. Surprisingly, mice with specific deletion of IFN-γR2 expression on myeloid cells, T cells, or neurons were completely susceptible to terminal ECM. Utilizing a reductionist in vitro system, we show that synergistic IFN-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) stimulation promotes strong activation of brain blood vessel endothelial cells. Combined, our data show that within the hematopoietic compartment, IFN-γ causes ECM by acting redundantly or by targeting non-T cell or non-myeloid cell populations. Within the nonhematopoietic compartment, brain endothelial cells, but not neurons, may be the major target of IFN-γ leading to ECM development. Collectively, our data provide information on how IFN-γ mediates the development of cerebral pathology during malaria infection.

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CYTOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF METAPHASE I IN HYBRIDS BETWEEN TRITICUM TIMOPHEEVI ZHUK. AND T. DURUM DESF.

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b61-008 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 81-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

E. B. Wagenaar

Keyword(s):

Late Stage ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Progressive Increase ◽

Cell Populations ◽

Equatorial Plate ◽

Triticum Timopheevi ◽

Late Stages ◽

I Cells ◽

Metaphase I

In two hybrids between Triticum timopheevi Zhuk. and T. durum Desf., which have irregular meioses, metaphase I was subdivided into four developmental stages, early, medium, late, and very late. This subdivision was based on the presence in the anthers of other stages that occurred together with metaphase I. It was then discovered that in metaphase I cell populations there was a progressive increase of univalents from the early and medium stages to the very late stage. This phenomenon can be explained on the assumption that metaphase I is of shorter duration in the less irregular cells which pass into anaphase I earlier than the more irregular cells. As a consequence of this developmental phenomenon at metaphase I, the anaphase I and telophase I cells in the late anthers contained fewer lagging chromosomes than the anaphase I and telophase I cells in the very late anthers. Despite these numerical differences, the degrees of lagging were remarkably similar in both stages; approximately 70% of these univalents lagged at late and very late stages in both hybrids.During metaphase I many univalents of the irregular cells moved towards the equatorial plate, became oriented, and lagged at anaphase I and telophase I. It was found that the univalents of the least irregular cells accumulated somewhat faster at the plates than those of the more irregular cells.Considering the relationships between all of the available data, the hypothesis is advanced that when a certain number of univalents have accumulated at the equatorial plate a state of equilibrium is established and anaphase I is initiated. On the basis of this hypothesis an explanation of the trends observed at metaphase I is given.

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Chemogenetic Tools for Causal Cellular and Neuronal Biology

Physiological Reviews ◽

10.1152/physrev.00009.2017 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 98 (1) ◽

pp. 391-418 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Deniz Atasoy ◽

Scott M. Sternson

Keyword(s):

G Protein ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Cell Types ◽

Cell Populations ◽

Specific Cell ◽

Cellular Processes ◽

Distinct Cell ◽

G Protein Coupled ◽

Pharmacological Control

Chemogenetic technologies enable selective pharmacological control of specific cell populations. An increasing number of approaches have been developed that modulate different signaling pathways. Selective pharmacological control over G protein-coupled receptor signaling, ion channel conductances, protein association, protein stability, and small molecule targeting allows modulation of cellular processes in distinct cell types. Here, we review these chemogenetic technologies and instances of their applications in complex tissues in vivo and ex vivo.

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Revival of Calcium-Binding Proteins for Neuromorphology: Secretagogin Typifies Distinct Cell Populations in the Avian Brain

Brain Behavior and Evolution ◽

10.1159/000357834 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

pp. 82-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Georgina Gáti ◽

Dávid Lendvai ◽

Tomas Hökfelt ◽

Tibor Harkany ◽

Alán Alpár

Keyword(s):

Calcium Binding ◽

Binding Proteins ◽

Calcium Binding Proteins ◽

Cell Populations ◽

Avian Brain ◽

Distinct Cell

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Characterization of Learning, Motivation, and Visual Perception in Five Transgenic Mouse Lines Expressing GCaMP in Distinct Cell Populations

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnbeh.2020.00104 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

Author(s):

Peter A. Groblewski ◽

Douglas R. Ollerenshaw ◽

Justin T. Kiggins ◽

Marina E. Garrett ◽

Chris Mochizuki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Perception ◽

Transgenic Mouse ◽

Learning Motivation ◽

Cell Populations ◽

Distinct Cell ◽

Mouse Lines

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Geyer Larkspur Phenology and Response to 2,4-D

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500034871 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 31-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. N. Hyder ◽

L. D. Sabatka

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Root Growth ◽

Plant Development ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Flowering Plants ◽

Poisonous Plant ◽

Single Application ◽

Stages Of Development ◽

Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽

Late Stages

Mortality rates of Geyer larkspur(Delphinium geyeriGreene), a poisonous plant, were determined after spraying with (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid at various stages of plant development in 1967 to 1969. Sprays of 2,4-D at 2.2 kg/ha were more effective at early than at late stages of development, but seldom exceeded 40% mortality. Uneven-aged stands and early drying (dormancy) of small non-flowering plants often prevented the exposure of all plants to a single application of spray; treated plants contorted but continued growth for 5 to 8 weeks after spraying; residual seed provided a source of new plants; and previously dormant rootstock buds gave rise to new shoot and root growth the year after spraying. These characteristics and escape mechanisms direct attention to possibilities of improving effectiveness by spraying two or three times in a single season.

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The importance of structured noise in the generation of self-organizing tissue patterns through contact-mediated cell–cell signalling

Journal of The Royal Society Interface ◽

10.1098/rsif.2010.0488 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 8 (59) ◽

pp. 787-798 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Michael Cohen ◽

Buzz Baum ◽

Mark Miodownik

Keyword(s):

Lateral Inhibition ◽

Cell Signalling ◽

Cell Communication ◽

Stable Configuration ◽

Uniform Field ◽

Distinct Cell ◽

Multiple Cell ◽

Bristle Pattern ◽

Cell Cell ◽

Self Organizing

Lateral inhibition provides the basis for a self-organizing patterning system in which distinct cell states emerge from an otherwise uniform field of cells. The development of the microchaete bristle pattern on the notum of the fruitfly, Drosophila melanogaster , has long served as a popular model of this process. We recently showed that this bristle pattern depends upon a population of dynamic, basal actin-based filopodia, which span multiple cell diameters. These protrusions establish transient signalling contacts between non-neighbouring cells, generating a type of structured noise that helps to yield a well-ordered and spaced pattern of bristles. Here, we develop a general model of protrusion-based patterning to analyse the role of noise in this process. Using a simple asynchronous cellular automata rule-based model we show that this type of structured noise drives the gradual refinement of lateral inhibition-mediated patterning, as the system moves towards a stable configuration in which cells expressing the inhibitory signal are near-optimally packed. By analysing the effects of introducing thresholds required for signal detection in this model of lateral inhibition, our study shows how filopodia-mediated cell–cell communication can generate complex patterns of spots and stripes, which, in the presence of signalling noise, align themselves across a patterning field. Thus, intermittent protrusion-based signalling has the potential to yield robust self-organizing tissue-wide patterns without the need to invoke diffusion-mediated signalling.

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