Insect embryogenesis – what is ancestral and what is derived?

Development ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 193-199
Author(s):  
Diethard Tautz ◽  
Markus Friedrich ◽  
Reinhard Schröder
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Early Embryogenesis ◽  
Molecular Pathways ◽  
Deep Insight ◽  
Insect Embryogenesis ◽  
Definitive Answer ◽  
Insight Into

The systematic genetic analysis of Drosophila development has provided us with a deep insight into the molecular pathways of early embryogenesis. The question arises now whether these insights can serve as a more general paradigm of early development, or whether they apply only to advanced insect orders. Though it is too early to give a definitive answer to this question, we suggest that there is currently no firm reason to believe that the molecular mechanisms that were elucidated in Drosophila may not also apply to other forms of insect embryogenesis. Thus, many of the Drosophila genes involved in early pattern formation may have comparable functions in other insects and possibly throughout the arthropods.

scholarly journals Molecular Pathways Involved in the Development of Congenital Erythrocytosis

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1150
Author(s):  
Jana Tomc ◽  
Nataša Debeljak
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Iron Homeostasis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Oxygen Affinity ◽  
Molecular Pathways ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Hemoglobin Oxygen Affinity ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Idiopathic Erythrocytosis

Patients with idiopathic erythrocytosis are directed to targeted genetic testing including nine genes involved in oxygen sensing pathway in kidneys, erythropoietin signal transduction in pre-erythrocytes and hemoglobin-oxygen affinity regulation in mature erythrocytes. However, in more than 60% of cases the genetic cause remains undiagnosed, suggesting that other genes and mechanisms must be involved in the disease development. This review aims to explore additional molecular mechanisms in recognized erythrocytosis pathways and propose new pathways associated with this rare hematological disorder. For this purpose, a comprehensive review of the literature was performed and different in silico tools were used. We identified genes involved in several mechanisms and molecular pathways, including mRNA transcriptional regulation, post-translational modifications, membrane transport, regulation of signal transduction, glucose metabolism and iron homeostasis, which have the potential to influence the main erythrocytosis-associated pathways. We provide valuable theoretical information for deeper insight into possible mechanisms of disease development. This information can be also helpful to improve the current diagnostic solutions for patients with idiopathic erythrocytosis.

scholarly journals OSCA/TMEM63 are an evolutionarily conserved family of mechanically activated ion channels

eLife ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swetha E Murthy ◽  
Adrienne E Dubin ◽  
Tess Whitwam ◽  
Sebastian Jojoa-Cruz ◽  
Stuart M Cahalan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Ion Channels ◽  
Ion Channel ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Deep Insight ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Bona Fide ◽  
Physical Forces ◽  
Insight Into

Mechanically activated (MA) ion channels convert physical forces into electrical signals, and are essential for eukaryotic physiology. Despite their importance, few bona-fide MA channels have been described in plants and animals. Here, we show that various members of the OSCA and TMEM63 family of proteins from plants, flies, and mammals confer mechanosensitivity to naïve cells. We conclusively demonstrate that OSCA1.2, one of the Arabidopsis thaliana OSCA proteins, is an inherently mechanosensitive, pore-forming ion channel. Our results suggest that OSCA/TMEM63 proteins are the largest family of MA ion channels identified, and are conserved across eukaryotes. Our findings will enable studies to gain deep insight into molecular mechanisms of MA channel gating, and will facilitate a better understanding of mechanosensory processes in vivo across plants and animals.

A series of novel mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana that are defective in the formation of continuous vascular network: calling the auxin signal flow canalization hypothesis into question

Development ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 127 (15) ◽  
pp. 3197-3204 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Koizumi ◽  
M. Sugiyama ◽  
H. Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Diffusion Reaction ◽  
Signal Flow ◽  
Vein Formation ◽  
Mutant Lines

For the genetic analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying temporal and spatial regulation of vascular pattern formation, we isolated mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana that are impaired in vascular patterning. Microscopic examination of the cotyledonary venation of 3,400 M(3) lines led to the identification of 12 mutant lines. Genetic analysis of 8 of these mutant lines indicated that vein pattern formation in these lines resulted from monogenic recessive mutations in 7 different genes, designated VAN1 through VAN7. Mutations in VAN1 through VAN6 genes caused fragmentation (disconnection or partial loss) of lateral veins of the cotyledon and tertiary veins of the rosette leaf whereas they were less injurious to the formation of major veins. Detailed characterization of the van3 mutant using pAthb8::GUS and pTED3::GUS, as molecular markers for the early stage of vascular tissue formation showed that the provascular tissue of the cotyledonary lateral veins was differentiated in fragments during late embryogenesis. These phenotypes of the van mutants are discussed in relation to the auxin signal flow canalization hypothesis and the diffusion-reaction prepattern hypothesis, with the fragility of the continuity in the minor vein formation favoring the latter hypothesis.

scholarly journals The metastatic potential of grade I breast carcinoma of no special type: A deep insight into putative molecular mechanisms

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. iii16
Author(s):  
F. Lessi ◽  
C. Scopelliti ◽  
P. Aretini ◽  
M. Menicagli ◽  
S. Franceschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Type A ◽  
Metastatic Potential ◽  
Deep Insight ◽  
Insight Into

Comparative survey of early embryogenesis of Secernentea (Nematoda), with phylogenetic implications

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Dolinski ◽  
J G Baldwin ◽  
W K Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Early Embryogenesis ◽  
Asynchronous Development ◽  
Phylogenetic Implications ◽  
Comparative Survey ◽  
Molecular Phylogenies ◽  
Insight Into

Insight into the evolution of class Secernentea (Nematoda) for the purpose of providing a phylogenetic context for the model Caenorhabditis elegans is being gained from the use of molecular character sets. Such phylogenies provide a framework for mapping the evolution of diversity in some early-development characters for 70 species and 19 families of Secernentea. These characters include (i) whether AB and P1 blastomeres initially develop at the same (synchronous) or different (asynchronous) rates, (ii) whether AB and P1 are initially aligned along the linear axis of the embryo (tandem pattern) or obliquely (rhomboidal pattern), and (iii) whether the founder germ cell, P4, is established early, i.e., by the sixth cleavage, or later. Evolutionary polarity of characters was evaluated through outgroup comparisons. From our data the following inferences are made. The derived character, late establishment of P4, evolved primarily in the ancestor of the monophyletic groups Diplogastrina, Rhabditina, and Panagrolaimidae. Asynchronous development is convergent, defining one clade of Tylenchina as well as Cephalobina, and also arising independently in Aphelenchina. The rhomboidal embryo is ancestral to the tandem-pattern embryo that defines a second clade of Tylenchina. Early-embryo characters are congruent with the polyphyly of Cephalobina and Aphelenchina, as has been demonstrated by molecular phylogenies. Many aspects of early embryogenesis, rather than being highly conserved, evolve at a rate appropriate to defining taxa within Secernentea.

scholarly journals Patient-Specific iPSCs-Based Models of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Focus on Aberrant Calcium Signaling

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 624
Author(s):  
Dmitriy A. Grekhnev ◽  
Elena V. Kaznacheyeva ◽  
Vladimir A. Vigont
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Calcium Signaling ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Cell Reprogramming ◽  
Deep Insight ◽  
Regulatory Pathway ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
Effective Drugs ◽  
Insight Into

The development of cell reprogramming technologies became a breakthrough in the creation of new models of human diseases, including neurodegenerative pathologies. The iPSCs-based models allow for the studying of both hereditary and sporadic cases of pathologies and produce deep insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration. The use of the cells most vulnerable to a particular pathology makes it possible to identify specific pathological mechanisms and greatly facilitates the task of selecting the most effective drugs. To date, a large number of studies on patient-specific models of neurodegenerative diseases has been accumulated. In this review, we focused on the alterations of such a ubiquitous and important intracellular regulatory pathway as calcium signaling. Here, we reviewed and analyzed the data obtained from iPSCs-based models of different neurodegenerative disorders that demonstrated aberrant calcium signaling.

Thousands of human sequences provide deep insight into single genomes

Nature ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 581 (7809) ◽  
pp. 385-386
Author(s):  
Deanna M. Church
Keyword(s):  
Deep Insight ◽  
Insight Into

Mobile-Friendly Dashboards to Display Associations Between Cited-by and Similar Journals on Mobile Health Research: A Bibliometric Study (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsair-Wei Chien ◽  
Hsien-Yi Wang ◽  
Yang Shao ◽  
Willy Chou
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Similarity Criteria ◽  
Network Density ◽  
Deep Insight ◽  
Density Indices ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Given ◽  
Insight Into

BACKGROUND Researchers often spend a great deal of time and effort retrieving related journals for their studies and submissions. Authors often designate one article and then retrieve other articles that are related to the given one using PubMed’s service for finding cited-by or similar articles. However, to date, none present the association between cited-by and similar journals related to a given journal. Authors need one effective and efficient way to find related journals on the topic of mobile health research. OBJECTIVE This study aims (1) to show the related journals for a given journal by both cited-by and similarity criteria; (2) to present the association between cited-by and similarity journals related to a given journal; (3) to inspect the patterns of network density indices among clusters classified by social network analysis (SNA); (4) to investigate the feature of Kendall's coefficient(W) of concordance. METHODS We obtained 676 abstracts since 2013 from Medline based on the keywords of ("JMIR mHealth and uHealth"[Journal]) on June 30, 2018, and plotted the clusters of related journals on Google Maps by using MS Excel modules. The features of network density indices were examined. The Kendall coefficient (W) was used to assess the concordance of clusters across indices. RESULTS This study found that (1) the journals related to JMIR mHealth and uHealth are easily presented on dashboards; (2) a mild association(=0.14) exists between cited-by and similar journals related to JMIR mHealth and uHealth; (3) the median Impact Factor were 3.37 and 2.183 based on the representatives of top ten clusters grouped by the cited-by and similar journals, respectively; (4) all Kendall’s coefficients(i.e., 0.82, 0.89, 0.92, and 0.75) for the four sets of density centrality have a statistically significant concordance (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS SNA provides deep insight into the relationships of related journals to a given journal. The results of this research can provide readers with a knowledge and concept diagram to use with future submissions to a given journal in the subject category of Mobile Health Research. CLINICALTRIAL Not available

scholarly journals The correlation between lncRNAs and Helicobacter pylori in gastric cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narges Dastmalchi ◽  
Seyed Mahdi Banan Khojasteh ◽  
Mirsaed Miri Nargesi ◽  
Reza Safaralizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Molecular Pathways ◽  
Gastric Diseases ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori infection performs a key role in gastric tumorigenesis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have demonstrated a great potential to be regarded as effective malignancy biomarkers for various gastrointestinal diseases including gastric cancer (GC). The present review highlights the relationship between lncRNAs and H. pylori in GC. Several studies have examined not only the involvement of lncRNAs in H. pylori-associated GC progression but also their molecular mechanisms of action. Among the pertinent studies, some have addressed the effects of H. pylori infection on modulatory networks of lncRNAs, while others have evaluated the effects of changes in the expression level of lncRNAs in H. pylori-associated gastric diseases, especially GC. The relationship between lncRNAs and H. pylori was found to be modulated by various molecular pathways.

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