Rapid epithelialisation of fetal wounds is associated with the early deposition of tenascin

1991 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 583-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Whitby ◽  
M.T. Longaker ◽  
M.R. Harrison ◽  
N.S. Adzick ◽  
M.W. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Skin Wound Healing ◽  
Early Appearance ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Healing Wounds ◽  
Fetal Wound

Wound healing is a complex process involving the interaction of many cell types with the extracellular matrix (ECM). Fetal skin wound healing differs from that in the adult in that it occurs rapidly and without scar formation. The mechanisms underlying these differing processes may be related to the fetal environment, the stage of differentiation of the fetal cells or the ECM deposited in the wound. The spatial and temporal distribution of two components of the ECM, fibronectin and tenascin, were studied by immunostaining of cryosections from trunk wounds of fetal and adult sheep. Epithelialisation was complete earlier in the fetal wound than in the adult. The distribution of fibronectin was similar in fetal and adult wounds but tenascin was present earlier in the fetal wound. Fibronectin has several roles in wound healing including acting as a substratum for cell migration and as a mediator of cell adhesion through cell surface integrins. The attachment of fibroblasts to fibronectin is inhibited by tenascin and during development the appearance of tenascin in the ECM of migratory pathways correlates with the initiation of cell migration. Similarly, the appearance of tenascin in healing wounds may initiate cell migration. Tenascin was present in these wounds prior to cell migration and the rapid epithelialisation of fetal wounds may be due to the early appearance of tenascin in the wound.

Juglone ameliorates skin wound healing by promoting skin cell migration through Rac1/Cdc42/PAK pathway

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 786-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussain M. Wahedi ◽  
Yong U. Park ◽  
Eun-Yi Moon ◽  
Sun Y. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Skin Wound Healing ◽  
Skin Cell

scholarly journals Mesenchymal stromal cells-exosomes: a promising cell-free therapeutic tool for wound healing and cutaneous regeneration

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Hu ◽  
Qinxin Yang ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Chenshuo Shi ◽  
Dali Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Skin Wound Healing ◽  
New Research

Abstact Cutaneous regeneration at the wound site involves several intricate and dynamic processes which require a series of coordinated interactions implicating various cell types, growth factors, extracellular matrix (ECM), nerves, and blood vessels. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) take part in all the skin wound healing stages playing active and beneficial roles in animal models and humans. Exosomes, which are among the key products MSCs release, mimic the effects of parental MSCs. They can shuttle various effector proteins, messenger RNA (mRNA) and microRNAs (miRNAs) to modulate the activity of recipient cells, playing important roles in wound healing. Moreover, using exosomes avoids many risks associated with cell transplantation. Therefore, as a novel type of cell-free therapy, MSC-exosome -mediated administration may be safer and more efficient than whole cell. In this review, we provide a comprehensive understanding of the latest studies and observations on the role of MSC-exosome therapy in wound healing and cutaneous regeneration. In addition, we address the hypothesis of MSCs microenvironment extracellular vesicles (MSCs-MEVs) or MSCs microenvironment exosomes (MSCs-MExos) that need to take stock of and solved urgently in the related research about MSC-exosomes therapeutic applications. This review can inspire investigators to explore new research directions of MSC-exosome therapy in cutaneous repair and regeneration.

scholarly journals Toward understanding scarless skin wound healing and pathological scarring

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanna-Maria Karppinen ◽  
Ritva Heljasvaara ◽  
Donald Gullberg ◽  
Kaisa Tasanen ◽  
Taina Pihlajaniemi
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Skin Wounds ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Skin Wound Healing ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Acute Wound

The efficient healing of skin wounds is crucial for securing the vital barrier function of the skin, but pathological wound healing and scar formation are major medical problems causing both physiological and psychological challenges for patients. A number of tightly coordinated regenerative responses, including haemostasis, the migration of various cell types into the wound, inflammation, angiogenesis, and the formation of the extracellular matrix, are involved in the healing process. In this article, we summarise the central mechanisms and processes in excessive scarring and acute wound healing, which can lead to the formation of keloids or hypertrophic scars, the two types of fibrotic scars caused by burns or other traumas resulting in significant functional or aesthetic disadvantages. In addition, we discuss recent developments related to the functions of activated fibroblasts, the extracellular matrix and mechanical forces in the wound environment as well as the mechanisms of scarless wound healing. Understanding the different mechanisms of wound healing is pivotal for developing new therapies to prevent the fibrotic scarring of large skin wounds.

scholarly journals Targeted inhibition of endothelial calpain delays wound healing by reducing inflammation and angiogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenlong Yi ◽  
Weihua Wu ◽  
Dong Zheng ◽  
Guangying Peng ◽  
Haoyue Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cysteine Proteases ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Cellular Adhesion ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Regulatory Subunit ◽  
Skin Wound Healing

AbstractWound healing is a multistep phenomenon that relies on complex interactions between various cell types. Calpains are a well-known family of calcium-dependent cysteine proteases that regulate several processes, including cellular adhesion, proliferation, and migration, as well as inflammation and angiogenesis. CAPNS1, the common regulatory subunit of Calpain-1 and 2, is indispensable for catalytic subunit stabilization and activity. Calpain inhibition has been shown to reduce organ damage in various disease models. Here, we report that endothelial calpain-1/2 is crucially involved in skin wound healing. Using a mouse genetic model where Capns1 is deleted only in endothelial cells, we showed that calpain-1/2 disruption is associated with reduced injury-activated inflammation, reduced CD31+ blood vessel density, and delayed wound healing. Moreover, in cultured HUVECs, inhibition of calpain reduced TNF-α-induced proliferation, migration, and tube formation. Deletion of Capns1 was associated with elevated levels of IκB and downregulation of β-catenin expression in endothelial cells. These observations delineate a novel mechanistic role for calpain in the crosstalk between inflammation and angiogenesis during skin repair.

scholarly journals Skin Wound Healing Potential and Mechanisms of the Hydroalcoholic Extract of Leaves and Oleoresin ofCopaifera langsdorffiiDesf. Kuntze in Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Fernando Sérgio Gushiken ◽  
Carlos Alberto Hussni ◽  
Jairo Kenupp Bastos ◽  
Ariane Leite Rozza ◽  
Fernando Pereira Beserra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Skin Wound Healing ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Skin Repair ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Copaifera Langsdorffii ◽  
New Treatments

The wound healing is a complex process which, sometimes, can be a problem in public health because of the possibility of physical disability or even death. Due to the lack of a gold standard drug in skin wound treatment and aiming at the discovery of new treatments in skin repair and the mechanisms involved in the process, we used oleoresin (OR) fromCopaifera langsdorffiiand hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves (EH) to treat rat skin wounds. For that, maleWistarrats were divided into groups (n=8): Lanette, Collagenase, 10% EH, or 10% OR and, after anesthesia, one wound of 2 cm was made in the back of animals. The wounds were treated once a day for 3, 7, or 14 days and the wound areas were measured. The rats were euthanized and skin samples destined to biochemical, molecular, and immunohistochemical analysis. The results showed a macroscopic retraction of the wounds of 10% EH and 10% OR creams and both treatments showed anti-inflammatory activity. Molecular and immunohistochemical results demonstrated the activity ofCopaifera langsdorffiicreams in angiogenesis, reepithelialization, wound retraction, and remodeling mechanisms.

scholarly journals Cellular and Molecular Characteristics of Scarless versus Fibrotic Wound Healing

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Latha Satish ◽  
Sandeep Kathju
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Skin Wound Healing ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Compare And Contrast ◽  
Adult Skin ◽  
Fetal Wound

The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the discrete biology differentiating fetal wound repair from its adult counterpart. Integumentary wound healing in mammalian fetuses is essentially different from wound healing in adult skin. Adult (postnatal) skin wound healing is a complex and well-orchestrated process spurred by attendant inflammation that leads to wound closure with scar formation. In contrast, fetal wound repair occurs with minimal inflammation, faster re-epithelialization, and without the accumulation of scar. Although research into scarless healing began decades ago, the critical molecular mechanisms driving the process of regenerative fetal healing remain uncertain. Understanding the molecular and cellular events during regenerative healing may provide clues that one day enable us to modulate adult wound healing and consequently reduce scarring.

Hyaluronan in skin wound healing: therapeutic applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 782-787
Author(s):  
Ian CC King ◽  
Parviz Sorooshian
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Skin Wound Healing ◽  
Proliferative Phase

Hyaluronan is a vital constituent in effective skin wound healing. This polysaccharide is ubiquitous throughout the human body and has functional significance for tissue repair and remodelling. The importance of hyaluronan in the proliferative phase of healing is diverse, impacting on cell migration, proliferation, modification of the inflammatory response and on angiogenesis. As such, it holds therapeutic potential for a variety of clinical applications that range from facilitating effective wound healing to burns management and scarring. This overview of the multifaceted roles of hyaluronan considers its current applications to clinical practice in plastic surgery as well as the latest advances in research.

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