scholarly journals Survival of heat stress with and without heat hardening in Drosophila melanogaster: interactions with larval density

2012 ◽  
Vol 215 (13) ◽  
pp. 2220-2225 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. N. Arias ◽  
P. Sambucetti ◽  
A. C. Scannapieco ◽  
V. Loeschcke ◽  
F. M. Norry
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
Heat Hardening

scholarly journals Genotype and Trait Specific Responses to Rapamycin Intake in Drosophila melanogaster

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 474
Author(s):  
Palle Duun Rohde ◽  
Asbjørn Bøcker ◽  
Caroline Amalie Bastholm Jensen ◽  
Anne Louise Bergstrøm ◽  
Morten Ib Juul Madsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Model System ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Heat Stress Tolerance

Rapamycin is a powerful inhibitor of the TOR (Target of Rapamycin) pathway, which is an evolutionarily conserved protein kinase, that plays a central role in plants and animals. Rapamycin is used globally as an immunosuppressant and as an anti-aging medicine. Despite widespread use, treatment efficiency varies considerably across patients, and little is known about potential side effects. Here we seek to investigate the effects of rapamycin by using Drosophila melanogaster as model system. Six isogenic D. melanogaster lines were assessed for their fecundity, male longevity and male heat stress tolerance with or without rapamycin treatment. The results showed increased longevity and heat stress tolerance for male flies treated with rapamycin. Conversely, the fecundity of rapamycin-exposed individuals was lower than for flies from the non-treated group, suggesting unwanted side effects of the drug in D. melanogaster. We found strong evidence for genotype-by-treatment interactions suggesting that a ‘one size fits all’ approach when it comes to treatment with rapamycin is not recommendable. The beneficial responses to rapamycin exposure for stress tolerance and longevity are in agreement with previous findings, however, the unexpected effects on reproduction are worrying and need further investigation and question common believes that rapamycin constitutes a harmless drug.

DENSITY-DEPENDENT FERTILITY SELECTION IN EXPERIMENTAL POPULATIONS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 849B-869
Author(s):  
Andrew G Clark ◽  
Marcus W Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Wing Length ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
High Density ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Adult Body ◽  
Adult Body Weight ◽  
Mutant Lines

ABSTRACT The effects of larval density on components of fertility fitness were investigated with two mutant lines of Drosophila melanogaster. The differences in adult body weight, wing length, larval survivorship and development time verified that flies reared at high density were resource limited. Experimental results indicate that: (1) relative fecundities of both sexes show density-dependent effects, (2) there is a strong density effect on male and female mating success, and (3) in general, there is a reduction in fecundity differences between genotypes at high density. These results imply that it may be important to consider fertility in models of density-dependent natural selection.

Mutations in the Insulin Signaling Pathway Genes Affect Carbohydrate Level under Heat Stress in Drosophila melanogaster Females

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Eremina ◽  
E. K. Karpova ◽  
I. Yu. Rauschenbach ◽  
D. S. Pirozhkova ◽  
O. V. Andreenkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Insulin Signaling Pathway ◽  
Carbohydrate Level

scholarly journals Relations between nitric oxide synthase DNOS1, Hsp70 and apoptosis regulatory gene grim in Drosophila melanogaster after heat stress induction

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-199
Author(s):  
E. M. Khussainova ◽  
Z. A. Bulentayeva ◽  
B. O. Bekmanov ◽  
L. B. Djansugurova ◽  
R. I. Bersimbayev
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Regulatory Gene ◽  
Stress Induction ◽  
Oxide Synthase

scholarly journals A wMel Wolbachia variant in Aedes aegypti from field-collected Drosophila melanogaster with increased phenotypic stability under heat stress

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyue Gu ◽  
Perran A Ross ◽  
Julio Rodriguez-Andres ◽  
Katie L. Robinson ◽  
Qiong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Maternal Transmission ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Host Fitness

Mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue, Zika and chikungunya remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality across tropical regions. Population replacement strategies involving the wMel strain of Wolbachia are being used widely to control mosquito-borne diseases transmitted by Aedes aegypti. However, these strategies may be influenced by environmental temperature because wMel is vulnerable to heat stress. wMel infections in their native host Drosophila melanogaster are genetically diverse, but few transinfections of wMel variants have been generated in Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. Here we successfully transferred a wMel variant (termed wMelM) originating from a field-collected D. melanogaster population from Victoria, Australia into Ae. aegypti. The new wMelM variant (clade I) is genetically distinct from the original wMel transinfection (clade III) generated over ten years ago, and there are no genomic differences between wMelM in its original and transinfected host. We compared wMelM with wMel in its effects on host fitness, temperature tolerance, Wolbachia density, vector competence, cytoplasmic incompatibility and maternal transmission under heat stress in a controlled background. wMelM showed a higher heat tolerance than wMel, with stronger cytoplasmic incompatibility and maternal transmission when eggs were exposed to heat stress, likely due to higher overall densities within the mosquito. Both wMel variants had minimal host fitness costs, complete cytoplasmic incompatibility and maternal transmission, and dengue virus blocking under standard laboratory conditions. Our results highlight phenotypic differences between closely related Wolbachia variants. wMelM shows potential as an alternative strain to wMel in dengue control programs in areas with strong seasonal temperature fluctuations.

scholarly journals The transcription factor dFOXO controls the expression of insulin pathway genes and lipids content under heat stress in Drosophila melanogaster

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-471
Author(s):  
M. A. Eremina ◽  
P. N. Menshanov ◽  
O. D. Shishkina ◽  
N. E. Gruntenko
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Growth Factor Signaling ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Feeding Intensity

The insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) pathway is one of the key elements in an organism’s response to unfavourable conditions. The deep homology of this pathway and its evolutionary conservative role in controlling the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism make it possible to use Drosophila melanogaster for studying its functioning. To identify the properties of interaction of two key IIS pathway components under heat stress in D. melanogaster (the forkhead box O transcription factor (dFOXO) and insulin-like peptide 6 (DILP6), which intermediates the dFOXO signal sent from the fat body to the insulin-producing cells of the brain where DILPs1–5 are synthesized), we analysed the expression of the genes dilp6, dfoxo and insulin-like receptor gene (dInR) in females of strains carrying the hypomorphic mutation dilp641 and hypofunctional mutation foxoBG01018. We found that neither mutation influenced dfoxo expression and its uprise under short-term heat stress, but both of them disrupted the stress response of the dilp6 and dInR genes. To reveal the role of identified disruptions in metabolism control and feeding behaviour, we analysed the effect of the dilp641 and foxoBG01018 mutations on total lipids content and capillary feeding intensity in imago under normal conditions and under short-term heat stress. Both mutations caused an increase in these parameters under normal conditions and prevented decrease in total lipids content following heat stress observed in the control strain. In mutants, feeding intensity was increased under normal conditions; and decreased following short-term heat stress in all studied strains for the first 24 h of observation, and in dilp641 strain, for 48 h. Thus, we may conclude that dFOXO takes part in regulating the IIS pathway response to heat stress as well as the changes in lipids content caused by heat stress, and this regulation is mediated by DILP6. At the same time, the feeding behaviour of imago might be controlled by dFOXO and DILP6 under normal conditions, but not under heat stress.

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